A Poly-Chitosan and Cis-Platinum Conjugated Composite Nanoparticle System for Liver Cancer Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 1726-1734
Author(s):  
Xiangyu Fan ◽  
Haiyun Wu ◽  
Lisong Zhao ◽  
Xu Guo
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Tumor Therapy ◽  
Carcinoma Cells ◽  
Tumor Diameter ◽  
Foreign Body Reactions ◽  
Nanoparticle System ◽  
Diameter Reduction ◽  
Macrophage Reaction

The aim of this study was to test an effective nano-pole capsule loaded cis-platinum (CP) transplantation device for liver cancer (LC) therapy. A novel nano-pole capsule was designed as a new vector for storing CP. HepG2 cells and a B6/J mouse model were used to test the efficiency of polyethyleneimine-cis-platinum (PEI-CP) and poly-chitosan-cis-platinum (PC-CP). Infiltration efficiency and transplantation efficiency tests were performed to study the performance of the delivery system, and fibroblast reactions and macrophage numbers were observed, to test for immune rejection and foreign body reactions. The apoptosis rate and tumor diameter of hepatocellular carcinoma cells were used to evaluate the effect of the tumor therapy. We also studied the functional mechanism of different CP delivery systems. The infiltration and transplantation efficiencies of PC-CP were higher than that of PEI-CP; Less foreign body reaction appeared in PC system, with less fibroblast reaction and lower macrophage reaction. The clinical efficacy of PC-CP in terms of tumor apoptosis and diameter reduction was superior to that of PEI-CP. We demonstrated that PC-CP had a more significant alteration effect on mTOR, P-Ak, LC3 and P53. The PC system can better deliver and release drugs than PEI-CP, and may be a better choice for LC therapy in the future.

Epidermal inclusion cysts following minimal incision surgery

1992 ◽  
Vol 82 (10) ◽  
pp. 537-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
AK Farrer ◽  
WM Forman ◽  
AM Boike
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Epidermal Cyst ◽  
Drill Bit ◽  
Direct Visualization ◽  
Minimal Incision ◽  
Foreign Body Reactions ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Heat Buildup

One of the most frequent causes of epidermal inclusion cysts is trauma involving the epidermis with subsequent implantation of epidermal cells into the dermis or subcutis. Minimal incision surgery is capable of achieving this because it is performed by using small incisions and rapidly rotating power instruments. The technique requires that the surgeon master a high degree of dexterity and knowledge of the anatomy without the aid of direct visualization. Van Enoo and Cane suggest the use of fresh, sharp skin blades to protect against invagination of skin edges which could lead to epidermal inclusion cysts. They also state that an improper position or an incision that is too small will cause tension, which can lead to heat buildup with subsequent sloughing and dehiscence. It may also drive some epidermal cells underneath the dermis and foster an epidermal cyst. Other surgeons using small incisions suggest thorough and copious irrigation to flush away debris and to avoid potential foreign body reactions. The periosteum should be reflected away from the point where the drill bit exits the bone to prevent bone chips from being forced subperiosteally and potentially causing a foreign body reaction. By virtue of the technique, minimal incision surgery lends itself to a greater risk of causing epidermal inclusion cysts. Surgeons who use these techniques must be aware of this potential complication.

scholarly journals Local Foreign-Body Reaction to Commercial Biodegradable Implants: An in Vivo Animal Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy S. Xue ◽  
John C. Koshy ◽  
William M. Weathers ◽  
Erik M. Wolfswinkel ◽  
Yoav Kaufman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Debris Accumulation ◽  
Foreign Body Reactions ◽  
The 1960S

Biodegradable plates have been used extensively in fracture fixation since the 1960s. They rarely cause stress-protection atrophy or problems requiring secondary plate removal, common complications seen with metallic plates. However, aseptic foreign-body reactions have been reported, sometimes years after the original implantation. Both inadequate polymer degradation and debris accumulation have been implicated as causes. The current generation of commercial biodegradable plates is formulated to minimize this complication by altering the ratio of polylactic and polyglycolic acids. This in vivo study compares the degree of local foreign-body reaction of two commercially available resorbable plates in rabbits. Two types of biodegradable plates were examined: poly(D/L)lactide acid (PDLLA) and polylactide-co-glycolide acid (PLGA). Each plate was placed into a periosteal pericalvarial pocket created beneath the anterior or posterior scalp of a rabbit. Humane killing occurred at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Foreign-body reaction was evaluated histologically. The PDLLA plates demonstrated marked local foreign-body reactions within the implant capsule as early as 3 months after implantation, with presence of inflammatory cells and granulomatous giant cells in close association with the implant material. All local foreign-body reactions were subclinical with no corresponding tissue swelling requiring drainage. PLGA plates did not demonstrate any signs of inflammatory reactions. In addition, the PLGA plates did not appear to resorb or integrate at 12 months. Neither PDLLA nor PLGA plates demonstrated inflammation of the soft tissue or adjacent bone outside the implant capsule. In our study, the PDLLA plates demonstrated histological evidence of foreign-body reaction that is confined within the implant capsule, which was not seen with the PLGA plates. This finding may be attributable to the lack of significant resorption seen in the PLGA plates. Both PDLLA and PLGA plates were biocompatible with the rabbit tissue environment and should be considered for continued use in craniofacial, maxillofacial, and orthopedic reconstruction.

scholarly journals Quantification of the foreign body reaction by means of a miniaturized imaging window for intravital nonlinear microscopy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Conci ◽  
Emanuela Jacchetti ◽  
Tommaso Zandrini ◽  
Laura Sironi ◽  
Maddalena Collini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Repeated Observations ◽  
Foreign Body Reactions ◽  
Implantation Sites ◽  
Recipient Tissue ◽  
Localized Reaction ◽  
Cell Repopulation

Brand new biomaterials, intended to be used on humans, must undergo in vivo quantification standardized, expensive and unethical procedures mainly based on histopathological analysis, from dissections, as defined by the ISO 10993 normative set. The aim is to prove the biomaterials biocompatibility. There exist no methods based on intravital microscopy able to satisfy the normative quantification requirements both reducing the number of employed animals and related costs. We developed a miniaturized imaging window, the Microatlas, which allows subcutaneous repeated observations in vivo of the foreign body reactions, for example to the implantation of a biomaterial. Confocal and twophoton microscopy inspections at Microatlas implantation sites demonstrated growth of the recipient tissue inside the microgrids both with micro vascularization formation and collagen generation. In conclusion, the Microatlas guided in vivo a quantifiable localized reaction inside its microscaffold, both in terms of cell repopulation, collagen and capillary formation as a probable foreign body reaction.

Alveogyl: Foreign Body Reaction

Dental Update ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-301
Author(s):  
Sandeep Joshi ◽  
Clare Steel ◽  
Josiah Eyeson
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Symptomatic Patient ◽  
Dental Extraction ◽  
Foreign Body Reactions ◽  
Alveolar Osteitis ◽  
Dental Professionals

Alveolar osteitis (AO) is a painful complication experienced by approximately 3–4% of patients who have undergone a dental extraction. A frequently used intra-alveolar dressing material, such as Alveogyl is commonly used to treat sockets where a diagnosis of AO is made. However, unexpected problems may be encountered by the dentist when using such materials and this article explores a case where a diagnosis of a foreign body reaction to Alveogyl was identified in a symptomatic patient with no overt clinical or radiographical signs. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Dental professionals should be aware of the possible complications with the use of Alveogyl in the treatment of alveolar osteitis, in particular foreign body reactions.

Foreign body reaction to polymethylsiloxane gel (Bioplastique™) after vocal fold augmentation

2008 ◽  
Vol 122 (7) ◽  
pp. 750-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
P S Randhawa ◽  
A D Ramsay ◽  
J S Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Vocal Fold Paralysis ◽  
Tissue Reaction ◽  
Voice Change ◽  
Vocal Fold Augmentation ◽  
Vocal Fold Injection ◽  
Foreign Body Reactions ◽  
And Migration

AbstractStatement of problem:The consequences of vocal fold paralysis include voice change, airway problems and difficulty swallowing. Medialisation procedures using injected material have been used for many decades, with varying outcomes, mainly secondary to lifespan, tissue reaction or migration. Newer materials have recently become clinically available which are easier to manage and supposedly less likely to elicit foreign body reaction.Method of study:Case report.Results:We report a case of foreign body reaction and possible migration of polymethylsiloxane gel (Bioplastique™), one such material, after vocal fold injection. To our knowledge, this is the second such case described.Conclusions:This case highlights the fact that the risk of foreign body reaction and migration is still present for this material, albeit low. We also highlight the fact that, although this material can cause foreign body reactions and may possibly migrate, it is removable by microlaryngoscopy via the microflap technique, with vocal improvement.

scholarly journals Case Report: Late Complication of a Dry Socket Treatment

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramón Manuel Alemán Navas ◽  
María Guadalupe Martínez Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Chronic Osteomyelitis ◽  
Late Complication ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
Dry Socket ◽  
Foreign Body Reactions

Dry socket is often treated in dentistry with intra-alveolar dressings; the use of them remains controversial and has been related to some side effects such as neuritis, foreign body reactions, and myospherulosis. We present a case of an intra-alveolar dressing (zinc-oxide eugenol paste) that mimicked a trigeminal neuralgia for 3 years and caused a right maxillary chronic osteomyelitis and foreign body reaction in a zone corresponding to the alveolus of the maxillary first molar. This long-term complication was successfully managed by complete removal of the foreign body and curettage of the affected area.

scholarly journals Ahmed implant coated with poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) inhibits foreign body reactions in rabbit eyes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0252467
Author(s):  
Hyun Joo Kee ◽  
Eun Jung Lee ◽  
Jong Chul Han ◽  
Changwon Kee
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Zealand White Rabbit ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Foreign Body Reactions ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Contralateral Eye

Purpose Wound healing after Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation often entails fibrosis as a foreign body reaction to the silicone plate. Poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC) forms an antifouling surface that inhibits fibrosis during wound healing. In this study, we aimed to compare the effects of the implantation of AGV coated with PMPC (wPMPC) versus AGV without PMPC (woPMPC) in rabbits. Methods Six New Zealand White rabbit does underwent AGV implantation in both eyes. For each rabbit, one eye was randomly selected for implantation of AGV wPMPC and a conventional AGV (woPMPC) was implanted in the contralateral eye. Gross conjunctival vascularity was compared between the two groups at the first, second, and fourth weeks after surgery. The eyes were enucleated in four weeks and subjected to staining with hematoxylin and eosin and Masson’s trichrome stain. The fibrosis and inflammation status among the eye samples were compared by measuring the thickness of the fibrotic walls and counting the number of chronic inflammatory cells around the AGV. Counting of inflammatory cells and measuring fibrotic wall thickness were done in a blinded method to eliminate observer bias. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results Gross and histological examinations revealed no toxic effects of PMPC. There were no apparent differences in overall conjunctival vascularity between the two groups at weeks 1, 2, and 4 after surgery. The average inflammatory cell counts were 14.3 ± 5.8 per slide and 27.3 ± 8.6 per slide in the wPMPC and woPMPC groups, respectively (p = 0.037). The average thicknesses of the fibrotic wall were 57.9 ± 11.3 μm and 81.5 ± 21.3 μm in the wPMPC and woPMPC groups, respectively (p = 0.025). Conclusion Compared to the woPMPC group, the number of inflammatory cells and fibrosis were significantly decreased in the wPMPC group.

Foreign body reaction to an oil-based ointment: a cause of persistent otorrhoea following mastoid surgery

2003 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 496-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. M. Mace ◽  
J. N. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Foreign Body Reactions ◽  
Mastoid Surgery

Foreign body reactions and myospherulosis are rare complications of using oil-based ointments in otological surgery. A case of persistent otorrhoea following mastoid surgery is presented. Histology showed a foreign body reaction, with some features of myospherulosis.

Biocompatibility and Immunology in the Encapsulation of Islets of Langerhans (Bioartificial Pancreas)

1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.D.C. Zekorn ◽  
A. Horcher ◽  
J. Mellert ◽  
U. Siebers ◽  
T. Altug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Bioartificial Pancreas ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Human Situation ◽  
Hydrogel Matrix ◽  
Foreign Body Reactions ◽  
Successful Transplantation ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Organ Replacement

Successful transplantation of encapsulated islets (bioartificial pancreas) would circumvent problems of islet availability and rejection in the treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes with biological organ replacement. Alginates are widely used as a hydrogel matrix or membrane for immunoprotected transplantation. A major problem in the use of diffusion-based devices is the biocompatibility of the material used. The foreign body reaction after implantation of empty microcapsules into different compartments in rats, dogs and pigs is evaluated in this article. However, biocompatibility of the bioartificial pancreas has three different aspects: reaction of the entrapped islet to the encapsulation technique and material; reaction of the recipient against the incorporated device (= foreign body reaction); and finally the reaction of the recipient against the encapsulated islet (= immunology of bioartificial pancreas). It is obvious from different experiments that even if foreign body reactions (reactions against material) are almost abolished the recipient may react against material released from the encapsulated islet. In conclusion, transplantation of encapsulated islets induces various morphological reactions (i.e. inflammation and fibrosis) as a result of a variety of donor and recipient related factors. Therefore, the use of an adequate animal model that reflects the human situation is essential for progress in the development of a bioartificial pancreas.

Foreign Body Reaction to Rubber Torkildsen Catheters: A Report of Two Cases

Neurosurgery ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 838-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Rossitch ◽  
Allan H. Friedman ◽  
Dennis E. Bullard
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Aseptic Meningitis ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Intracranial Mass ◽  
Foreign Body Reactions ◽  
Multiple Levels

Abstract Two patients came to clinical attention because of foreign body reactions to rubber catheters. In one patient, the reaction presented as multiple levels of aseptic meningitis and, in the second patient, the reaction caused an intracranial mass with localized neurological dysfunction.

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