Correlation Analysis Between Local Cerebral Blood Flow and Severity of Vascular Cognitive Dysfunction

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1798-1806
Author(s):  
Jinling Wang ◽  
Xin Xu ◽  
Wanhui Dong
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Disease Group ◽  
White Matter Damage ◽  
Brain White Matter ◽  
Flow Perfusion ◽  
Cerebrovascular Stenosis

Research methods: This paper analyses the correlation between cerebral blood flow perfusion caused by cerebral vascular stenosis and the reduction of patients with cognitive dysfunction and white matter damage. A total of 118 patients with reduced cerebral blood flow perfusion due to cerebrovascular stenosis were selected to be included in the disease group, and 118 patients with no cerebrovascular stenosis and no neurological disease were included in the control group. The cerebral blood flow perfusion index and cognitive function index were compared between the two groups of patients. The correlation between each index and the degree of brain white matter damage was analysed. Results: The scores of brain white matter damage in patients with disease group were higher than those in control group, and cCBV, cCBF, TTP, MTT, MoCA, MMSE, ADL, and WMS were lower than those in control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). cCBV, cCBF, TTP, MTT, and white matter damage scores were highly correlated with MoCA, MMSE, ADL, and WMS (P < 0.05). There is a clear correlation between cerebral vascular perfusion, cognitive dysfunction, and white matter damage in patients with cerebrovascular stenosis. The more severe the perfusion of cerebral blood flow, the more severe the cognitive dysfunction and the white matter damage.

Multi-parametric structural magnetic resonance imaging in relation to cognitive dysfunction in long-standing multiple sclerosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 608-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marita Daams ◽  
Martijn D Steenwijk ◽  
Menno M Schoonheim ◽  
Mike P Wattjes ◽  
Lisanne J Balk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
White Matter Damage ◽  
Diffuse White Matter ◽  
Brain White Matter ◽  
Deep Grey Matter ◽  
Imaging Markers

Background: Cognitive deficits are common in multiple sclerosis. Most previous studies investigating the imaging substrate of cognitive deficits in multiple sclerosis included patients with relatively short disease durations and were limited to one modality/brain region. Objective: To identify the strongest neuroimaging predictors for cognitive dysfunction in a large cohort of patients with long-standing multiple sclerosis. Methods: Extensive neuropsychological testing and multimodal 3.0T MRI was performed in 202 patients with multiple sclerosis and 52 controls. Cognitive scores were compared between groups using Z-scores. Whole-brain, white matter, grey matter, deep grey matter and lesion volumes; cortical thickness, (juxta)cortical and cerebellar lesions; and extent and severity of diffuse white matter damage were measured. Stepwise linear regression was used to identify the strongest predictors for cognitive dysfunction. Results: All cognitive domains were affected in patients. Patients showed extensive atrophy, focal pathology and damage in up to 75% of the investigated white matter. Associations between imaging markers and average cognition were two times stronger in cognitively impaired patients than in cognitively preserved patients. The final model for average cognition consisted of deep grey matter DGMV volume and fractional anisotropy severity (adjusted R²=0.490; p<0.001). Conclusion: From all imaging markers, deep grey matter atrophy and diffuse white matter damage emerged as the strongest predictors for cognitive dysfunction in long-standing multiple sclerosis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Cerebral Blood Flow Measured by 3D PCASL as Biomarker of Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (VCID) in a Cohort of Elderly Latinx Subjects at Risk of Small Vessel Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kay Jann ◽  
Xingfeng Shao ◽  
Samantha J. Ma ◽  
Steven Y. Cen ◽  
Lina D’Orazio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Vascular Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Brain White Matter

Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) affects arterioles, capillaries, and venules and can lead to cognitive impairments and clinical symptomatology of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). VCID symptoms are similar to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) but the neurophysiologic alterations are less well studied, resulting in no established biomarkers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate cerebral blood flow (CBF) measured by 3D pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) as a potential biomarker of VCID in a cohort of elderly Latinx subjects at risk of cSVD. Forty-five elderly Latinx subjects (12 males, 69 ± 7 years) underwent repeated MRI scans ∼6 weeks apart. CBF was measured using 3D pCASL in the whole brain, white matter and 4 main vascular territories (leptomeningeal anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral artery (leptoACA, leptoMCA, leptoPCA), as well as MCA perforator). The test-retest repeatability of CBF was assessed by intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and within-subject coefficient of variation (wsCV). Absolute and relative CBF was correlated with gross cognitive measures and domain specific assessment of executive and memory function, vascular risks, and Fazekas scores and volumes of white matter hyperintensity (WMH). Neurocognitive evaluations were performed using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and neuropsychological test battery in the Uniform Data Set v3 (UDS3). Good to excellent test-retest repeatability was achieved (ICC = 0.77–0.85, wsCV 3–9%) for CBF measurements in the whole brain, white matter, and 4 vascular territories. Relative CBF normalized by global mean CBF in the leptoMCA territory was positively correlated with the executive function composite score, while relative CBF in the leptoMCA and MCA perforator territory was positively correlated with MoCA scores, controlling for age, gender, years of education, and testing language. Relative CBF in WM was negatively correlated with WMH volume and MoCA scores, while relative leptoMCA CBF was positively correlated with WMH volume. Reliable 3D pCASL CBF measurements were achieved in the cohort of elderly Latinx subjects. Relative CBF in the leptomeningeal and perforator MCA territories were the most likely candidate biomarker of VCID. These findings need to be replicated in larger cohorts with greater variability of stages of cSVD.

scholarly journals Blood Flow Differences Between Leuko-araiosis with and without Lacunar Infarction

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru Oishi ◽  
Yoko Mochizuki ◽  
Toshiaki Takasu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Lacunar Infarction ◽  
Cerebral White Matter ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Blood Flows

ABSTRACT:Background:The present study was designed to find the differences in regional cerebral blood flow and cerebrovascular acetazolamide reactivity between leuko-araiosis with and without lacunar infarction.Methods:Fifteen cases of leuko-araiosis with lacunar infarction, 15 cases of leuko-araiosis without lacunar infarction and 15 age-matched controls in which leuko-araiosis and cerebrovascular diseases are absent (control group) were studied. The regional cerebral blood flow was measured using the stable xenon computed tomography method before and 20 minutes after intravenous injection of 17 mg/kg acetazolamide.Results:The blood flows in the leuko-araiosis area and the lacunar area were significantly lower than the blood flow in the cerebral white matter. The blood flows in the cerebral cortex and the cerebral white matter were significantly lower in the leuko-araiosis with lacunar infarction group than in the leuko-araiosis without lacunar infarction group and the control group. The cerebrovascular acetazolamide reactivity in the leuko-araiosis area and the lacunar area was significantly lower than that in the cerebral white matter. The cerebrovascular acetazolamide reactivity in the cerebral cortex and the cerebral white matter was significantly lower in the leuko-araiosis with lacunar infarction group than in the leuko-araiosis without lacunar infarction group and the control group.Conclusions:The degree of arteriolosclerosis is considered to be more severe and the rate of association of hypertension was higher in leuko-araiosis with lacunar infarction than in leuko-araiosis without lacunar infarction.

scholarly journals Early Protective Effect of Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells Against Ischemic White Matter Damage Through Augmentation of Cerebral Blood Flow

Stroke ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 2938-2943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youshi Fujita ◽  
Masafumi Ihara ◽  
Takashi Ushiki ◽  
Hideyo Hirai ◽  
Shinae Kizaka-Kondoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells ◽  
White Matter Damage

scholarly journals Regional cerebral blood flow in late-life depression: arterial spin labelling magnetic resonance study

2012 ◽  
Vol 200 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean J. Colloby ◽  
Michael J. Firbank ◽  
Jiabao He ◽  
Alan J. Thomas ◽  
Akshya Vasudev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Arterial Spin Labelling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Late Life Depression ◽  
Spin Labelling

BackgroundA limited number of studies have demonstrated changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) in older individuals with depression, but there are considerable inconsistencies between studies.AimsTo investigate changes in CBF using arterial spin labelling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in people with late-life depression and in a similarly aged healthy control group.MethodSixty-eight participants (30 healthy individuals, 38 with depression) underwent ASL and T1-weighted MRI scanning. For each individual, regional estimates of separate grey and white matter CBF were obtained. Group differences in CBF and their associations with clinical features were examined.ResultsSignificant increases were observed in white matter CBF in patients with depression relative to the control group (F1,65 = 9.7, P = 0.003). Grey matter CBF in lateral frontal, medial frontal, cingulate, central and parietal regions did not significantly differ between groups (F1,65≤2.1, P≥0.2). A significant correlation was found between white matter CBF and Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) scores in depression (r’ =–0.42, P = 0.03). Further analyses revealed that compared with controls, significant elevation of white matter CBF was apparent in participants whose depression was in remission (n = 21, MADRS≤10, P = 0.001) but not in those with current depression (n = 17, MADRS≥11, P = 0.80).ConclusionsFindings suggest a compensatory response to white matter pathological change or a response to (or a predictor of) successful antidepressant treatment, perhaps by facilitating neurotransmission in specific circuits and so reducing depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Multiple Factors Involved in the Pathogenesis of White Matter Lesions

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Lin ◽  
Dilong Wang ◽  
Linfang Lan ◽  
Yuhua Fan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier Disruption ◽  
Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow Autoregulation ◽  
Brain Barrier Disruption

White matter lesions (WMLs), also known as leukoaraiosis (LA) or white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), are characterized mainly by hyperintensities on T2-weighted or fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images. With the aging of the population and the development of imaging technology, the morbidity and diagnostic rates of WMLs are increasing annually. WMLs are not a benign process. They clinically manifest as cognitive decline and the subsequent development of dementia. Although WMLs are important, their pathogenesis is still unclear. This review elaborates on the advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of WMLs, focusing on anatomy, cerebral blood flow autoregulation, venous collagenosis, blood brain barrier disruption, and genetic factors. In particular, the attribution of WMLs to chronic ischemia secondary to venous collagenosis and cerebral blood flow autoregulation disruption seems reasonable. With the development of gene technology, the effect of genetic factors on the pathogenesis of WMLs is gaining gradual attention.

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