scholarly journals Apparent distortion of the frontoparallel plane from wide-field motion parallax

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-324
Author(s):  
V. Cornilleau-Peres ◽  
L.C. Tai ◽  
L. -F. Cheong
Keyword(s):  
Motion Parallax ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Frontoparallel Plane

scholarly journals Projection Screen with Wide-FOV and Motion Parallax Display for Teleoperation of Construction Machinery

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 604-609
Author(s):  
Daisuke Kondo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Motion Parallax ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Viewing Angle ◽  
Cooperative Research ◽  
Construction Machinery ◽  
Cooperative Research Center ◽  
Projection Screen ◽  
Wide Field Of View

The teleoperation of construction machinery has been introduced to mines and disaster sites. However, the work efficiency of teleoperations is lower than that of onboard operations owing to limitations in the viewing angle and insufficient depth information. To solve these problems and realize effective teleoperations, the Komatsu MIRAI Construction Equipment Cooperative Research Center is developing the next-generation teleoperation cockpit. In this study, we develop a display for teleoperations with a wide field-of-view, a portable projection screen, and a system that reproduces motion parallax, which is suitable for depth perception in the operating range of construction machinery.

The Dominance of Static Depth Cues over Motion Parallax in the Perception of Surface Orientation

Perception ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 25 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 32-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Cornilleau-Pérès ◽  
E Marin ◽  
J Droulez
Keyword(s):  
Motion Parallax ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Surface Orientation ◽  
Head Movements ◽  
Field Size ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Relative Depth ◽  
Rigidity Constraint ◽  
Visual Scenes ◽  
Winner Take All

Under polar projection (the natural projection for visual scenes) motion parallax is a powerful cue specifying relative depth. For small-field stimuli, it is ambiguous in the sense that a concave surface can be perceived as convex and deforming. By contrast, concavity/convexity of wide-field surfaces is unambiguously perceived. This led us to hypothesise a critical role of the 3-D rigidity constraint for large visual scenes in motion (Dijkstra et al, 1995 Vision Research35 453 – 462). To examine this hypothesis, we exposed subjects to planes inclined in space, and asked them to report the tilt (direction of inclination). Depth was specified either by motion parallax (MP, the surface oscillated around a frontoparallel axis) or by static perspective cues (SP, orthogonal square grids drawn on the plane). At ECVP95, we had reported a predominance of SP over MP when the tilts specified by these two cues ( tMP and tSP respectively) differed (1995 Perception24 Supplement, 137). Since these results were obtained for fast movements (oscillation frequency for MP: 3.6 Hz), we extended our investigation to a slower frequency (0.5 Hz) which is more likely to be involved during natural head-movements. We found that: (i) errors in tilt reports were larger for MP than for SP, and decreased with increasing field-size; (ii) in the case of conflict ( tMP= tSP±90°), the reported tilt was either tMP or tSP, rather than an average of these two values; (iii) in this case, tilt was most often reported according to SP, rather than to MP cues; this effect occurred even when the accuracies for the two individual cues were similar. Therefore, in a conflict situation between MP and SP, surface orientation is reported according to a winner-take-all rule, which is largely in favour of static grid-cues. Hence, even for wide-field movements, the image contrast distribution can lead the visual system to prefer an unrigid, rather than rigid, solution to the 3-D shape-from-motion problem.

scholarly journals Stabilizing responses to sideslip disturbances in Drosophila melanogaster are modulated by the density of moving elements on the ground

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Ruiz ◽  
Jamie C. Theobald
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Flight Control ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Motion Parallax ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Flight Stabilization ◽  
Regional Basis ◽  
Motion Detection System ◽  
Self Motion

Stabilizing responses to sideslip disturbances are a critical part of the flight control system in flies. While strongly mediated by mechanoreception, much of the final response results from the wide-field motion detection system associated with vision. In order to be effective, these responses must match the disturbance they are aimed to correct. To do this, flies must estimate the velocity of the disturbance, although it is not known how they accomplish this task when presented with natural images or dot fields. The recent finding, that motion parallax in dot fields can modulate stabilizing responses only if perceived below the fly, raises the question of whether other image statistics are also processed differently between eye regions. One such parameter is the density of elements moving in translational optic flow. Depending on the habitat, there might be strong differences in the density of elements providing information about self-motion above and below the fly, which in turn could act as selective pressures tuning the visual system to process this parameter on a regional basis. By presenting laterally moving dot fields of different densities we found that, in Drosophila melanogaster , the amplitude of the stabilizing response is significantly affected by the number of elements in the field of view. Flies countersteer strongly within a relatively low and narrow range of element densities. But this effect is exclusive to the ventral region of the eye, and dorsal stimuli elicit an unaltered and stereotypical response regardless of the density of elements in the flow. This highlights local specialization of the eye and suggests the lower region may play a more critical role in translational flight stabilization.

STM studies of crystal growth

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 374-375
Author(s):  
M. G. Lagally
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Molecular Beam ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Sputter Deposition ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Wide Field Of View ◽  
The One

It has been recognized since the earliest days of crystal growth that kinetic processes of all Kinds control the nature of the growth. As the technology of crystal growth has become ever more refined, with the advent of such atomistic processes as molecular beam epitaxy, chemical vapor deposition, sputter deposition, and plasma enhanced techniques for the creation of “crystals” as little as one or a few atomic layers thick, multilayer structures, and novel materials combinations, the need to understand the mechanisms controlling the growth process is becoming more critical. Unfortunately, available techniques have not lent themselves well to obtaining a truly microscopic picture of such processes. Because of its atomic resolution on the one hand, and the achievable wide field of view on the other (of the order of micrometers) scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) gives us this opportunity. In this talk, we briefly review the types of growth kinetics measurements that can be made using STM. The use of STM for studies of kinetics is one of the more recent applications of what is itself still a very young field.

Wide-field subsecond temporal resolution optical monitoring systems for detection and study of cosmic hazards

2013 ◽  
Vol 183 (8) ◽  
pp. 888-894
Author(s):  
G.M. Beskin ◽  
S.V. Karpov ◽  
V.L. Plokhotnichenko ◽  
S.F. Bondar ◽  
A.V. Perkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Optical Monitoring

Discovery of the fast optical variability of GRB 080319B and the prospects for wide-field optical monitoring with high time resolution

2010 ◽  
Vol 180 (4) ◽  
pp. 424 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.M. Beskin ◽  
S.V. Karpov ◽  
S.F. Bondar ◽  
V.L. Plokhotnichenko ◽  
A. Guarnieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Resolution ◽  
High Time ◽  
High Time Resolution ◽  
Optical Variability ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Optical Monitoring

Population Change, Modernization and Welfare. By Joseph Spengler. Prentice-Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J. 1974.

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-222
Author(s):  
Zeba A. Sathar
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Population Control ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Socio Economic Variables ◽  
Almost All

The book covers a wide field, touching on almost all aspects of popula¬tion change on a world-wide scale. It discusses, using world and country data, the relationships between demographic and socio-economic variables, and elaborates on" their relative importance in the determination of population problems which confront the world as a whole and nations individually. Policies designed to alleviate these problems are discussed with an emphasis on those related to population control. The first chapter is entitled "Population Growth: Past and Prospective" and reviews the various parameters associated with population change in the past and in the future. It touches upon the concept of a stable population in order to show the elements which cause a population to change (i.e. remove it from its stable condition). The main elements of change, population growth, migration, mortality and natality are discussed individually. The chapter is concluded by a description of the main differences in these elements and other socio-economic conditions as they exist in the less-developed and developed countries.

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