sputter deposition
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2022 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 10-53
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Sergievskaya ◽  
Adrien Chauvin ◽  
Stephanos Konstantinidis

Sputter deposition of atoms onto liquid substrates aims at producing colloidal dispersions of small monodisperse ultrapure nanoparticles (NPs). Since sputtering onto liquids combines the advantages of the physical vapor deposition technique and classical colloidal synthesis, the review contains chapters explaining the basics of (magnetron) sputter deposition and the formation of NPs in solution. This review article covers more than 132 papers published on this topic from 1996 to September 2021 and aims at providing a critical analysis of most of the reported data; we will address the influence of the sputtering parameters (sputter power, current, voltage, sputter time, working gas pressure, and the type of sputtering plasma) and host liquid properties (composition, temperature, viscosity, and surface tension) on the NP formation as well as a detailed overview of the properties and applications of the produced NPs.


Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7224
Author(s):  
Altangerel Dulmaa ◽  
Diederik Depla

CuO and Al thin films were successively deposited using direct current (reactive) magnetron sputter deposition. A multilayer of five bilayers was deposited on glass, which can be ignited by heating a Ti resistive thin film. The velocity of the reaction front which propagates along the multilayer was optically determined using a high-speed camera. During the deposition of the aluminum layers, air was intentionally leaked into the vacuum chamber to introduce impurities in the film. Depositions at different impurity/metal flux ratios were performed. The front velocity reaches a value of approximately 20 m/s at low flux ratios but drops to approximately 7 m/s at flux ratios between 0.6 and 1. The drop is rather abrupt as the front velocity stays constant above flux ratios larger than 1. This behavior is explained based on the hindrance of the oxygen transport from the oxidizer (CuO) to the fuel (Al).


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashanth SHANMUGAM ◽  
Rajasekar RATHANASAMY ◽  
Gobinath VELU KALIYANNAN ◽  
Santhosh SIVARAJ ◽  
Moganapriya CHINNASAMY ◽  
...  

The current research focuses on sol-gel derived synthesis and RF sputter deposition of molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) over polycrystalline Si solar cell. Various coating layers were obtained under different sputter deposition at regular intervals. The influence of MoS2 sputter coating on optical, thermal chemical structural properties was examined through various characterisation techniques. 30 minutes coated solar cell reported maximum light transmittance of 95 % in the visible spectrum and minimum electrical resistivity of 2 × 10-3ohm-cm. 30 minutes coated solar cell exhibited maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.19 % (open source) and 21.01 % (controlled source). Thermal imaging data reveal that the optimal coating layer experiences a minimum temperature of 33.9 °C and 49.9 °C. From experimental results, sputter deposited MoS2 Si solar cells experience minimum light reflectance and enhanced cell performance.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
KARAN SHAH ◽  
GENE YANG ◽  
MOHAMMAD EL LOUBANI ◽  
SUBRAMANI SOCKALINGAM ◽  
DONGKYU LEE

High performance carbon and glass fibers are widely used as reinforcements in composite material systems for aerospace, automotive, and defense applications. Modifications to fiber surface treatment (sizing) is one of the ways to improve the strength of fibers and hence the overall longitudinal tensile strength of the composite. Single fiber tensile tests at the millimeter scale are typically used to characterize the effect of sizing on fiber strength. However, the characteristic length-scale governing the composite failure due to a cluster of fiber breaks is in the micro-scales. To access such micro-scale gage-lengths, we aim to employ indenters of varying radii to transversely load fibers and use scanning electron microscope (SEM) with digital image correlation (DIC) to measure strains at these lengthscales. The use of DIC technique requires creation of a uniform, random, and high contrast speckle pattern on the fiber surface such as that shown in Figure 1. In this work, we investigate the formation of sub-microscale speckle pattern on carbon fiber surface via sputter deposition and pulsed laser deposition techniques (PLD) using Gold-Palladium (Au-Pd) and Niobium-doped SrTiO3 (Nb:STO) targets respectively. Different processing conditions are investigated for both sputter deposition: sputtering current and coating duration, and PLD: number of pulses respectively to create sub-micron scale patterns viable for micro-DIC on both sized and unsized carbon fibers. By varying the deposition conditions and SEM-imaging the deposited patterns on fibers, successful pattern formation at sub-micron scale is demonstrated for both as-received sized and unsized IM7 carbon fibers of average diameter 5.2 μm via sputter deposition and PLD respectively.


Oxygen ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Gasidit Panomsuwan ◽  
Nagahiro Saito

Epitaxial SrTiO3 (STO) thin films were grown on (001)-oriented LaAlO3 (LAO) substrates at 800 °C by an ion beam sputter deposition (IBSD). Oxygen partial pressure (PO2) was varied at 1.5 × 10−5, 1.5 × 10−4, and 1.5 × 10−3 Torr during the growth. The effects of PO2 on crystal structure, oxygen vacancy, and surface morphology of the STO films were investigated and are discussed to understand their correlation. It was found that PO2 played a significant role in influencing the crystal structure, oxygen vacancy, and surface morphology of the STO films. All STO films grew on the LAO substrates under a compressive strain along an in-plane direction (a- and b-axes) and a tensile strain along the growth direction (c-axis). The crystalline quality of STO films was slightly improved at higher PO2. Oxygen vacancy was favorably created in the STO lattice grown at low PO2 due to a lack of oxygen during growth and became suppressed at high PO2. The existence of oxygen vacancy could result in a lattice expansion in both out-of-plane and in-plane directions due to the presence of Ti3+ instead of Ti4+ ions. The surface roughness of the STO films gradually decreased and was nearly close to that of the bare LAO substrate at high PO2, indicating a two-dimensional (2D) growth mode. The results presented in this work provide a correlation among crystal structure, oxygen vacancy, and surface morphology of the epitaxial STO films grown by IBSD, which form a useful guideline for further study.


2021 ◽  
pp. 2100646
Author(s):  
Uta Kapprell ◽  
Sabrina Friebe ◽  
Susann Grüner ◽  
Christoph Grüner ◽  
Astrid Kupferer ◽  
...  

APL Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 081111
Author(s):  
G. De Luca ◽  
J. Spring ◽  
U. Bashir ◽  
M. Campanini ◽  
R. Totani ◽  
...  

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