Neuroanatomical Correlates of Depression in Post Traumatic Brain Injury: Preliminary Results of a Pilot Study

Introduction. The estimated time interval in which an individual can develop Post Traumatic Epilepsy (PTE) after a traumatic brain injury (TBI) is not clear. Objective. To assess the possible influence of the clinical features in the time interval between TBI and PTE development. Method. We analyzed retrospectively 400 medical records from a tertiary Brazilian hospital. We selected and reevaluated 50 patients and data was confronted with the time between TBI and PTE development by a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. A Cox-hazard regression was also conducted to define the characteristics that could be involved in the latent period of the PTE development. Results. Patients developed PTE especially in the first year (56%). We found a tendency of a faster development of PTE in patients older than 24 years (P<0.0001) and in men (P=0.03). Complex partial seizures evolving to generalized seizures were predominant in patients after moderate (37.7%) and severe (48.8%) TBIs, and simple partial seizures evolving to generalized seizures in mild TBIs (45.5%). Conclusions. Our data suggest that the first year after a TBI is the most critical period for PTE development and those males older than 24 years could have a faster development of PTE.

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Post-Traumatic Headache and Psychological Health: Mindfulness Training for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

10.21236/ada555812 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Sutapa Ford

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Mindfulness Training ◽

Post Traumatic

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Substance use on admission toxicology screen is associated with peri-injury factors and six-month outcome after traumatic brain injury: A TRACK-TBI Pilot study

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience ◽

10.1016/j.jocn.2020.02.021 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 75 ◽

pp. 149-156

Author(s):

John K. Yue ◽

Ryan R.L. Phelps ◽

Ethan A. Winkler ◽

Hansen Deng ◽

Pavan S. Upadhyayula ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Substance Use ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Pilot Study

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Association of Ventilation during Initial Trauma Resuscitation for Traumatic Brain Injury and Post-Traumatic Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Prehospital and Disaster Medicine ◽

10.1017/s1049023x21000534 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Mary Beth Howard ◽

Nichole McCollum ◽

Emily C. Alberto ◽

Hannah Kotler ◽

Mary E. Mottla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Trauma Resuscitation ◽

Cerebral Herniation ◽

Full Text Review ◽

Post Traumatic ◽

Ventilation Strategies ◽

End Tidal

Abstract Objectives: In the absence of evidence of acute cerebral herniation, normal ventilation is recommended for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Despite this recommendation, ventilation strategies vary during the initial management of patients with TBI and may impact outcome. The goal of this systematic review was to define the best evidence-based practice of ventilation management during the initial resuscitation period. Methods: A literature search of PubMed, CINAHL, and SCOPUS identified studies from 2009 through 2019 addressing the effects of ventilation during the initial post-trauma resuscitation on patient outcomes. Results: The initial search yielded 899 articles, from which 13 were relevant and selected for full-text review. Six of the 13 articles met the inclusion criteria, all of which reported on patients with TBI. Either end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) or partial pressure carbon dioxide (PCO2) were the independent variables associated with mortality. Decreased rates of mortality were reported in patients with normal PCO2 or ETCO2. Conclusions: Normoventilation, as measured by ETCO2 or PCO2, is associated with decreased mortality in patients with TBI. Preventing hyperventilation or hypoventilation in patients with TBI during the early resuscitation phase could improve outcome after TBI.

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Depression following traumatic brain injury: a comprehensive overview

Reviews in the Neurosciences ◽

10.1515/revneuro-2020-0037 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Marc Fakhoury ◽

Zaynab Shakkour ◽

Firas Kobeissy ◽

Nada Lawand

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Health Concern ◽

First Year ◽

Comprehensive Overview ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

Current State ◽

Post Traumatic ◽

Brain Changes

Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a major health concern affecting the neuropsychological health; TBI is accompanied by drastic long-term adverse complications that can influence many aspects of the life of affected individuals. A substantial number of studies have shown that mood disorders, particularly depression, are the most frequent complications encountered in individuals with TBI. Post-traumatic depression (P-TD) is present in approximately 30% of individuals with TBI, with the majority of individuals experiencing symptoms of depression during the first year following head injury. To date, the mechanisms of P-TD are far from being fully understood, and effective treatments that completely halt this condition are still lacking. The aim of this review is to outline the current state of knowledge on the prevalence and risk factors of P-TD, to discuss the accompanying brain changes at the anatomical, molecular and functional levels, and to discuss current approaches used for the treatment of P-TD.

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