MOPEDS: Motorized Objects Propelling Ethanol Drinking Subjects

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Britton Christmas ◽  
Rita A. Brintzenhoff ◽  
Thomas M. Schmelzer ◽  
Karen E. Head ◽  
Ronald F. Sing
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Continuous Data ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Injury Mortality ◽  
Severity Of Injury ◽  
Driver's License ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Proportional Data ◽  
Motorcycle Crashes

Mopeds are not subject to the same laws and jurisdiction as cars or motorcycles, including the requirement of a driver's license. We undertook this study to examine the influence of alcohol (ETOH) on moped crashes. We retrospectively reviewed adult moped injuries compared with motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) and motorcycle crashes (MCCs) from 1995 through 2006. Demographics, severity of injury, mortality, and serum ETOH levels were recorded. Data were analyzed using the Student t test for continuous data and the χ2 test for proportional data. Motor vehicle crashes accounted for 7186 admissions. MCC and moped crashes numbered 973 and 113, respectively. Although not statistically significant ( P = 0.064), moped crashes yielded the highest mortality (9.7%) compared with MCCs (8.5%) and MVCs (6.7%). An increased association of blood ETOH levels with moped crashes, however, was statistically significant ( P = 0.004). Serum ETOH levels above 0.05 g/dL were observed in 1681 MVCs (23.4%), 241 MCCs (24.8%), and 44 moped crashes (39%). In this study, we discovered that moped crashes demonstrate a significantly higher ETOH involvement than either MVCs or MCCs representing a previously unrecognized public safety risk.

Traumatic peripheral nerve injuries in children: epidemiology and socioeconomics

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 688-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Symeon Missios ◽  
Kimon Bekelis ◽  
Robert J. Spinner
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Pediatric Trauma ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injuries ◽  
Nerve Injuries ◽  
Pedestrian Accidents ◽  
Motorcycle Crashes

Object Despite the negative effects of peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) on long-term population health, their true prevalence among pediatric trauma patients is under debate. The authors investigated the prevalence of PNIs among children involved in trauma and investigated associations between PNIs and several patient characteristics. Methods The authors performed a retrospective cohort study of pediatric trauma patients who were registered in the National Trauma Data Bank from 2009 through 2011 and who fulfilled the study inclusion criteria. They used regression techniques to investigate the association of demographic and socioeconomic factors with the rate of PNIs among these patients. Results Of the 245,470 study patients, 50,211 were involved in motor vehicle crashes, 3380 in motorcycle crashes, 20,491 in bicycle crashes, 18,262 in pedestrian accidents, 26,294 in other crashes (mainly involving all-terrain vehicles and snowmobiles), and 126,832 in falls. The respective prevalence of PNIs was 0.66% for motor vehicle crashes, 1% for motorcycle crashes, 0.38% for bicycle crashes, 0.42% for pedestrian accidents, 0.79% for other crashes, and 0.52% for falls. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the following were associated with an increased incidence of PNIs: increased patient age (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.01–1.20), higher Injury Severity Score (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.01–1.20), elevated systolic blood pressure at arrival at the emergency room (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.01–1.20), and increased number of trauma surgeons at the institution (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.01–1.20). The following were associated with lower incidence of PNIs: female sex (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.87–1.02), rural hospitals (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.87–1.02), and urban nonteaching hospitals (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.87–1.02). Conclusions PNIs are more common than previously identified for the pediatric trauma population. These injuries are associated with older age and increased severity of the overall injury.

A Longitudinal Investigation of Falls and Motor Vehicle Crashes in Older Drivers

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 1258-1266
Author(s):  
Caitlin N. Pope ◽  
Pariya L. Fazeli ◽  
Tyler R. Bell ◽  
Meghana S. Gaini ◽  
Sylvie Mrug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Longitudinal Investigation ◽  
Attention Tasks ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Driver's License ◽  
Longitudinal Association

Objective: To assess the longitudinal association between fall history reported at a driver’s license screening visit and the likelihood of subsequent vehicle crashes. Method: A total of 1,127 older adults were recruited from Maryland State Motor Vehicle Administration sites and interviewed annually over 15 years. Results: Individuals who reported a previous fall were more likely to be female, perform worse on physical functioning and divided attention tasks, and report more situational driving avoidance compared with non-fallers at baseline. Females who reported a fall at baseline had a 2.6× greater likelihood of subsequently reporting a crash over the 15 years than males. Among those who reported a fall at baseline, greater weekly driving exposure over the 15 years was associated with a 23% higher likelihood of a subsequent crash. Discussion: These findings support the utility of investigating nontraditional driver screening methods to identify drivers who may be at increased risk of future driving difficulties.

The Relative Influence of Alcohol and Seatbelt Usage on Severity of Injury from Motor Vehicle Crashes

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES A. ANDERSEN ◽  
BARRY A. McLELLAN ◽  
GIUSEPPE PAGLIARELLO ◽  
WILLIAM R. NELSON
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Relative Influence ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Severity Of Injury

Impact of Partial Graduated Driver’s License Program on Teen Motor Vehicle Crashes in Kentucky

2001 ◽  
Vol 1779 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth R. Agent ◽  
Lorena Steenbergen ◽  
Jerry G. Pigman ◽  
Pamela Stinson Kidd ◽  
Carrie McCoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Similar Reduction ◽  
Crash Data ◽  
Fatal Crashes ◽  
Driver's License ◽  
Annual Reduction ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Driver Licensing

Teen-driver motor vehicle crashes (MVCs), MVC-related injuries, and MVC-related costs before (1993-1995) and after (1997-1999) the implementation of the teen driver licensing (TDL) program in Kentucky are evaluated. Data collected as part of the study are used to recommend actions to enhance the effectiveness of Kentucky’s TDL program. The study involved the analysis of teen crash data pre-TDL and post-TDL by using data from the Kentucky Accident Reporting System database and the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet driver license file. The study also involved analysis of crash data in relation to crash costs by using the CrashCost software program. Findings indicate that implementation of the TDL program in Kentucky resulted in a substantial (32 percent) reduction in MVC rates for 16-year-old drivers from before the TDL program and a similar reduction in crashes after midnight, fatal crashes, and injury crashes for the 16-year-old age group. Cost analysis indicates an estimated annual reduction of $34.2 million in 16-year-old teen-driver MVC-related expenses. However, after a dramatic reduction in the number of crashes for ages 16 to 16.5 (learner permit stage), the number of crashes rose sharply for ages 16.5 to 17, when drivers may have progressed to independent driving. There were no decreases in crash rates for 17- and 18-year-old drivers under the TDL program. Results from this study indicate a need for more effective measures to decrease MVCs for ages 16.5 to 18, such as upgrading to a full graduated driver licensing program.

scholarly journals Demographics and Incident Location of Traumatic Injuries at a Single Level I Trauma Center

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
David Watson ◽  
Blair Benton ◽  
Elizabeth Ablah ◽  
Kelly Lightwine ◽  
Ronda Lusk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Trauma Center ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Level I ◽  
Motorcycle Crashes

Introduction: Traumatic injuries are preventable and understanding determinants of injury, such as socio-economic and environmental factors, is vital.  This study evaluated traumatic injuries and identified areas of high trauma incidence.                                                                                               Methods:  A retrospective review was conducted of all patients 14 years or older who were admitted with a traumatic injury to a Level I trauma center between 2016 and 2017.  Descriptive analyses were presented and maps of high injury areas were generated.                                Results:  The most frequent mechanisms of injury were falls (58.3%), motor vehicle crashes (22.3%), and motorcycle crashes (5.7%).  Fall patients were more likely to be female (59.6%) and were the oldest age group (72.1 ± 17.2) compared to motor vehicle and motorcycle crash patients.  Severe head (22.1%, P = 0.007) and extremity (35.7%, P = 0.001) injuries were most frequent among fall patients, however more motorcycle crash patients required mechanical ventilation (16.1%, P < 0.001) and experienced the longest intensive care unit length of stay (5.3 ± 6.8, P < 0.001) and mechanical ventilation days (6.6 ± 8.5, P < 0.036).  Motorcycle crash patients also had the most number of deaths (7.5%, P < 0.001).  The generated maps of all traumatic suggest that most injuries occur near our hospital and are located in several of the most population-dense zip codes.                                                                                                       Conclusions:  Falls, motor vehicle crashes, and motorcycle crashes were the most common mechanisms of injury.  The use of Geographic Information System aided in the identification of high injury incidence location.                           

Motor Vehicle Crashes, Restraint Use, and Severity of Injury in Children in Nevada

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve J. Niemcryk ◽  
Christoph R. Kaufmann ◽  
Michael Brawley ◽  
Sheryl I. Yount
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Restraint Use ◽  
Severity Of Injury

scholarly journals Unintentional injury mortality and external causes in Canada from 2001 to 2007

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Chen ◽  
F Mo ◽  
QL Yi ◽  
Y Jiang ◽  
Y Mao
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Unintentional Injury ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Injury Mortality ◽  
External Causes

Introduction To understand the distribution pattern and time trend of unintentional injury mortalities is crucial in order to develop prevention strategies. Methods We analyzed vital statistics data from Canada (excluding Quebec) for 2001 to 2007. Mortality rates were age- and sex-standardized to the 2001 Canadian population. An autoregressive model was used for time-series analysis. Results Overall mortality rate steadily decreased but unintentional injury mortality rate was stable over the study period. The three territories had the highest mortality rates. Unintentional injury deaths were less common in children than in youths/adults. After 60, the mortality rate increased steadily with age. Males were more likely to die of unintentional injury, and the male/female ratio peaked in the 25- to 29-year age group. Motor vehicle crashes, falls and poisoning were the three major causes. There was a substantial year after year increase in mortality due to falls. Deaths due to motor vehicle crashes and drowning were more common in summer months, and deaths caused by falls and burns were more common in winter months. Conclusion The share of unintentional injury among all-cause mortality and the mortality from falls increased in Canada during the period 2001 to 2007.

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