scholarly journals Unintentional injury mortality and external causes in Canada from 2001 to 2007

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Chen ◽  
F Mo ◽  
QL Yi ◽  
Y Jiang ◽  
Y Mao
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Unintentional Injury ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Injury Mortality ◽  
External Causes

Introduction To understand the distribution pattern and time trend of unintentional injury mortalities is crucial in order to develop prevention strategies. Methods We analyzed vital statistics data from Canada (excluding Quebec) for 2001 to 2007. Mortality rates were age- and sex-standardized to the 2001 Canadian population. An autoregressive model was used for time-series analysis. Results Overall mortality rate steadily decreased but unintentional injury mortality rate was stable over the study period. The three territories had the highest mortality rates. Unintentional injury deaths were less common in children than in youths/adults. After 60, the mortality rate increased steadily with age. Males were more likely to die of unintentional injury, and the male/female ratio peaked in the 25- to 29-year age group. Motor vehicle crashes, falls and poisoning were the three major causes. There was a substantial year after year increase in mortality due to falls. Deaths due to motor vehicle crashes and drowning were more common in summer months, and deaths caused by falls and burns were more common in winter months. Conclusion The share of unintentional injury among all-cause mortality and the mortality from falls increased in Canada during the period 2001 to 2007.

Unintentional injury mortality among indigenous communities of Taiwan: trends from 2002 to 2013 and evaluation of a community-based intervention

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen W Pan ◽  
Hiu Ha Chong ◽  
Hui-Chuan Kao
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Unintentional Injury ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Injury Death ◽  
Injury Mortality ◽  
Injury Prevention Programme ◽  
Disproportionate Burden

IntroductionIndigenous communities in Taiwan shoulder a disproportionate burden of unintentional injury fatalities. We compare unintentional injury mortality rate trends among Taiwan’s indigenous communities and the general population from 2002 to 2013, and evaluate potential impact of a community-based injury prevention programme on indigenous unintentional injury death rates.MethodsStandardised and crude unintentional injury mortality rates were obtained from Taiwan government reports. Segmented linear regression was used to estimate and compare unintentional injury mortality rate trends before and after the intervention.ResultsBetween 2002 and 2013, unintentional injury mortality rates among Taiwan’s indigenous population significantly declined by about 4.5 deaths per 100 000 each year (p<0.0001). During that time, the unintentional injury mortality rate ratio between indigenous Taiwanese and the general population significantly decreased by approximately 1% each successive year (p=0.02). However, we were unable to detect evidence that the ‘Healthy and Safe Tribe’ programme was associated with a statistically significant decrease in the unintentional injury mortality rate trend among indigenous persons (p=0.81).ConclusionTaiwanese indigenous communities remain at significantly higher risk of unintentional injury death, though the gap may be slowly narrowing. We found no evidence that the ‘Healthy and Safe Tribe’ indigenous injury-prevention programme significantly contributed to the nationwide decline in unintentional injury mortality among indigenous Taiwanese communities from 2009 to 2013. Future interventions to address the disproportionate burden of unintentional injury fatalities among indigenous Taiwanese should consider interventions with wider coverage of the indigenous population, and complementing grass roots led community-based interventions with structural policy interventions as well.

MOPEDS: Motorized Objects Propelling Ethanol Drinking Subjects

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Britton Christmas ◽  
Rita A. Brintzenhoff ◽  
Thomas M. Schmelzer ◽  
Karen E. Head ◽  
Ronald F. Sing
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Continuous Data ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Injury Mortality ◽  
Severity Of Injury ◽  
Driver's License ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Proportional Data ◽  
Motorcycle Crashes

Mopeds are not subject to the same laws and jurisdiction as cars or motorcycles, including the requirement of a driver's license. We undertook this study to examine the influence of alcohol (ETOH) on moped crashes. We retrospectively reviewed adult moped injuries compared with motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) and motorcycle crashes (MCCs) from 1995 through 2006. Demographics, severity of injury, mortality, and serum ETOH levels were recorded. Data were analyzed using the Student t test for continuous data and the χ2 test for proportional data. Motor vehicle crashes accounted for 7186 admissions. MCC and moped crashes numbered 973 and 113, respectively. Although not statistically significant ( P = 0.064), moped crashes yielded the highest mortality (9.7%) compared with MCCs (8.5%) and MVCs (6.7%). An increased association of blood ETOH levels with moped crashes, however, was statistically significant ( P = 0.004). Serum ETOH levels above 0.05 g/dL were observed in 1681 MVCs (23.4%), 241 MCCs (24.8%), and 44 moped crashes (39%). In this study, we discovered that moped crashes demonstrate a significantly higher ETOH involvement than either MVCs or MCCs representing a previously unrecognized public safety risk.

Trends and disparities in American Indian/Alaska Native unintentional injury mortality from 1999 to 2016

2020 ◽  
pp. injuryprev-2020-043951
Author(s):  
William C Kerr ◽  
Yu Ye ◽  
Edwina Williams ◽  
Nina Mulia ◽  
Cheryl J Cherpitel
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
American Indian ◽  
Alaska Native ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Unintentional Injury ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Drug Poisoning ◽  
Alcohol Poisoning ◽  
Injury Mortality

IntroductionAlcohol and drug use are significant problems in the US, and American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities and individuals are known to be among the most affected. This study evaluates disparities in unintentional injury mortality causes since 1999.MethodsAnalyses in 2020 of unintentional injury mortality rate disparities between AI/ANs and white population over the 1999–2016 period with attention to motor vehicle crashes, alcohol poisoning, drug poisoning and all other cause types. Rates in each of the 10 states with the largest AI/AN populations were also investigated to account for geographical concentration.ResultsMotor vehicle mortality rates declined for both AI/AN and white groups, but a large racial disparity was maintained. Conversely, poisoning mortality rates rose substantially in both groups, with a jump in rates in 2007 due to a coding change, resulting in a large disparity that was maintained through 2016. Comparison of alcohol and drug poisonings showed that the AI/AN alcohol poisoning rate was about eight times the white rate, whereas drug poisoning rates were similar. For ‘all other’ unintentional injuries, the highest rates were seen for AI/AN men, with rates generally rising over the study period. State-specific analyses found substantial variation in AI/AN rates, with few or no disparities in New York and Texas.ConclusionsResults indicate substantial and persisting disparities in unintentional injury mortality, with especially large differences in alcohol poisoning. The absence of disparities in New York and Texas suggest the importance of situational factors.

Hyperelastic Behavior of Porcine Aorta in Sub-Injury Pressures

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaveh Laksari ◽  
Mobin Rastgar Agah ◽  
Kurosh Darvish
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Aortic Rupture ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Traumatic Aortic Rupture ◽  
Overall Mortality

Traumatic Aortic Rupture (TAR) is a major cause of fatality in motor vehicle crashes. In terms of numbers, only 9% of the subjects who experience such trauma (7500–8000 victims in US and Canada) survive from the scene of the accident and the overall mortality rate is 98% [1].

scholarly journals Motor vehicle crashes on tribal reservations: mapping and statistics

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (S2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan M. Vandjelovic ◽  
Darcy Merchant
Keyword(s):  
Alaska Native ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Unintentional Injury ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Gis Mapping ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Additional Source ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Crash Types

Abstract Background Motor vehicle crashes (MVC’s) in the American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities account for 43% of unintentional injury deaths. This article introduces MVC data and geographic information system (GIS) mapping for tribal reservations. Methods Utilizing a sample of Montana Department of Transportation (DOT) data for the Flathead reservations to calculate frequencies and proportions of crash types (i.e., property damage or no-injury, injury, fatality or unknown), while also mapping these data to provide a cross-sectional snapshot of MVC’s. Results Overall, 515 MVC’s occurred for years 2016 through 2018, with no-injury, injury, and fatality accounting for 72.2%, 24.9% and 1.8% of all crashes, respectively, with the number of MVC’s ranging up to 30 per square mile. Conclusion Examining DOT data and utilizing it for visual representation of MVC’s can be used as an additional source in uncovering patterns and trends on Tribal reservations and supporting MVC prevention efforts.

scholarly journals Trends in mortality from external causes in the Republic of Seychelles between 1989 and 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Abio ◽  
Pascal Bovet ◽  
Joachim Didon ◽  
Till Bärnighausen ◽  
Masood Ali Shaikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Marked Change ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
African Region ◽  
Road Traffic Injuries ◽  
External Causes ◽  
Over Time

AbstractData on injury-related mortality are scarce in the African region. Mortality from external causes in the Seychelles was assessed, where all deaths are medically certified and the population is regularly enumerated. The four fields for underlying causes of death recorded were reviewed in the national vital statistics register. The age-standardised mortality rates were estimated (per 100,000 person-years) from external causes in 1989–1998, 1999–2008, and 2009–2018. Mortality rates per 100,000 person-years from external causes were 4–5 times higher among males than females, and decreased among males over the three 10-year periods (127.5, 101.4, 97.1) but not among females (26.9, 23.1, 26.9). The contribution of external causes to total mortality did not change markedly over time (males 11.6%, females 4.3% in 1989–2018). Apart from external deaths from undetermined causes (males 14.6, females 2.4) and “other unintentional injuries” (males 14.1, females 8.0), the leading external causes of death in 2009–2018 were drowning (25.9), road traffic injuries (18.0) and suicide (10.4) among males; and road traffic injuries (4.6), drowning (3.4) and poisoning (2.6) among females. Mortality from broad categories of external causes did not change consistently over time but rates of road traffic injuries increased among males. External causes contributed approximately 1 in 10 deaths among males and 1 in 20 among females, with no marked change in cause-specific rates over time, except for road traffic injuries. These findings emphasise the need for programs and policies in various sectors to address this large, but mostly avoidable health burden.

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