Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Analysis of Lead Aerosol in Nitrogen and Air Atmosphere

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele A. Redoglio ◽  
Natascia Palazzo ◽  
Francesca Migliorini ◽  
Roberto Dondè ◽  
Silvana De Iuliis
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulse ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Plasma Temperature ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Air Atmosphere ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Carrier Gases ◽  
Pb Concentration

In this work, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is applied for quantitative measurements of Pb in aerosols. In order to investigate the carrier gas role and, in particular, the effect of O2 addition to the gas itself, measurements are carried out in nitrogen and air atmosphere. Aerosol particles are produced by nebulizing Pb(CH3COO)2 * 3H2O aqueous solutions of known concentration and the atomic line of 405.8 nm is detected as Pb signature. The plasma generated with the laser pulse is characterized in terms of plasma temperature and electron density, showing no substantial differences with the two carrier gases used. The behavior of the LIBS signal as a function of the delay time with respect to the laser pulse is investigated changing the environmental conditions and, in particular, the Pb concentration values. The different trends registered in the case of relatively short (up to 20 μs) and long delay time, resulting to be the same whatever the Pb concentration value, could have a significant effect on the calibration curve performed in different experimental conditions.

Temporal Gating for the Optimization of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Detection and Analysis of Toxic Metals

2001 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 1312-1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian T. Fisher ◽  
Howard A. Johnsen ◽  
Steven G. Buckley ◽  
David W. Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Metal Species ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Select Group ◽  
Delay Times ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Optimal temporal gating for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) analysis was investigated for a select group of toxic metals, namely the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) metals arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, lead, and mercury. The differing rates of decay between the continuum plasma emission and the atomic emission were used as a means to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio of the atomic emission lines for these six metal species. Detection windows were investigated corresponding to delay times from 2 to 50 μs following the plasma-initiating laser pulse. For the current experimental conditions, it is concluded that the relatively short delay time of 12 μs is optimal for the detection of arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, and mercury, while a longer delay time of 50 μs is optimal for the detection of chromium and lead. The reduced atomic emission intensity at relatively long delay times is compensated for by the use of long detector gate widths. Estimated detection limits are reported for the six metal species based on the optimized temporal gating and ensemble averaging of multiple laser pulses, and the implications for simultaneous metals monitoring are discussed.

scholarly journals Saturation effect at high laser pulse energies in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for elemental analysis in water

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Fang ◽  
S. Rafi Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Laser Pulse ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Pulse Energy ◽  
Laser Pulse Energy ◽  
Plasma Temperature ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Simplifying Assumptions

AbstractSaturation effects in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy in water for elemental analysis have been investigated. Existing theoretical model of laser-induced plasma in solids has been applied to liquid phase under some simplifying assumptions to take account of the laser pulse energy dependence of atomic emissions from Na and Cu in aqueous solution. The theory was found to explain the emission process for laser energies up to but below the saturation level. The saturation limit of the emission with laser pulse energy corresponds well with that of the plasma temperature deduced from blackbody emission considerations. The saturation energies for atomic emissions were found to be lower for bulk excitations compared to water jet excitations. The dependence of signal strength on sample concentration indicated that the concentration values at saturation are lower at higher laser energies, as is expected from the theoretical model.

Gold Nanoparticle-Enhanced Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Three-Dimensional Contour Imaging of an Aluminum Alloy

2020 ◽  
pp. 000370282097304
Author(s):  
Amal A. Khedr ◽  
Mahmoud A. Sliem ◽  
Mohamed Abdel-Harith
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Plasma Temperature ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Boltzmann Plot ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

In the present work, nanoparticle-enhanced laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy was used to analyze an aluminum alloy. Although LIBS has numerous advantages, it suffers from low sensitivity and low detection limits compared to other spectrochemical analytical methods. However, using gold nanoparticles helps to overcome such drawbacks and enhances the LIBS sensitivity in analyzing aluminum alloy in the current work. Aluminum was the major element in the analyzed samples (99.9%), while magnesium (Mg) was the minor element (0.1%). The spread of gold nanoparticles onto the Al alloy and using a laser with different pulse energies were exploited to enhance the Al alloy spectral lines. The results showed that Au NPs successfully improved the alloy spectral lines intensity by eight times, which could be useful for detecting many trace elements in higher matrix alloys. Under the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium, the Boltzmann plot was used to calculate the plasma temperature. Besides, the electron density was calculated using Mg and H lines at Mg(I) at 285.2 nm and Hα(I) at 656.2 nm, respectively. Three-dimensional contour mapping and color fill images contributed to understanding the behavior of the involved effects.

scholarly journals Influence of Lead on the Interpretation of Bone Samples with Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Abdolhamed Shahedi ◽  
Esmaeil Eslami ◽  
Mohammad Reza Nourani
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Temperature ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Group A ◽  
Atomic Lines ◽  
Group B

This study is devoted to tracing and identifying the elements available in bone sample using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS). The bone samples were prepared from the thigh of laboratory rats, which consumed 325.29 g/mol lead acetate having 4 mM concentration in specified time duration. About 76 atomic lines have been analyzed and we found that the dominant elements are Ca I, Ca II, Mg I, Mg II, Fe I, and Fe II. Temperature curve and bar graph were drawn to compare bone elements of group B which consumed lead with normal group, group A, in the same laboratory conditions. Plasma parameters including plasma temperature and electron density were determined by considering Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium (LTE) condition in the plasma. An inverse relationship has been detected between lead absorption and elements like Calcium and Magnesium absorption comparing elemental values for both the groups.

The high dependence of polarization resolved laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy on experimental conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 074204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nakimana Agnes ◽  
Zuo-Qiang Hao ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Hai-Yan Tao ◽  
Xun Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Influence of sample temperature on the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of a molybdenum–tungsten alloy

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 2378-2384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Hai ◽  
Zhonglin He ◽  
Ding Wu ◽  
Weina Tong ◽  
Harse Sattar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Emission Intensity ◽  
Plasma Temperature ◽  
Sample Temperature ◽  
Tungsten Alloy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Spectral Emission ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

During laser ablation, the spectral emission intensity, plasma temperature and electron density increased significantly with increasing sample temperature.

scholarly journals Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy of AL-Samples: Application to Chemical Analysis of Metallic Elementsf

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bescós ◽  
J. Castaño ◽  
A. González Ureña
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Minor Components ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Multichannel Analysis ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
On Line

This paper reports on the simultaneous detection of Mg, Mn, Fe and Pb in Al samples using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and optical multichannel analysis of the photoablated microplasma. Using calibrated samples, well characterized linear working curves were determined for these minor components over the 0.01–1% concentration range. In addition optimum experimental conditions were found that allow the analysis to be carded out in a fast and non-invasive manner. The potential application of the method to on-line industrial analysis is also suggested.

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for the On-Line Multielement Analysis of Highly Radioactive Glass Melt. Part I: Characterization and Evaluation of the Method

2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Il Yun ◽  
Reinhardt Klenze ◽  
Jae-Il Kim
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Range ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Plasma Temperature ◽  
Multielement Analysis ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
High Level Liquid Waste ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
On Line ◽  
Echelle Spectrometer

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is presented for the on-line multielement analysis of molten radioactive glass at a simulated vitrification process of high level liquid waste (HLLW). A plasma plume is produced by focusing the third harmonic of a Nd: YAG laser (λ = 355 nm) onto the glass melt surface at 1200 °C, and the plasma emission is guided via optical fiber and is characterized by an echelle spectrometer for the spectral range from 200 to 780 nm with a resolution of ±0.01 nm. Compared to a Czerny–Turner spectrometer, the echelle spectrometer appears distinctively superior for its broad operational spectral range and high resolution. The laser-induced plasma is found as optically thin and locally in thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) as characterized by measuring the electron density and plasma temperature. The matrix temperature effect on the spectral emission is observed as significant, increasing the emission line intensities with increasing temperature, but differently from element to element. The applicability of LIBS is demonstrated on a laboratory scale with an inactive simulated HLLW glass melt for various analytical characteristics concerned.

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