The Entero-Insular Axis in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Garaa ◽  
F Norris ◽  
J Wright ◽  
L Morgan ◽  
S Hampton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Immunoreactive Insulin ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Hepatic Extraction ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

We investigated the contributions made by the entero-insular axis, proinsulin and the fractional hepatic extraction of insulin to the hyperinsulinaemia characteristic of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). We measured plasma glucose, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide-1 (7–36 amide) (GLP-17–36 amide), immunoreactive insulin (IRI), intact proinsulin (IPI), and C-peptide concentrations during a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test in seven normal weight women with PCOS and eight healthy women. Women with PCOS had higher fasting ( P = 0·05) and integrated ( P < 0·01) IRI concentrations than controls. Fasting C-peptide levels were similar in both groups but integrated C-peptide ( P < 0·05) concentrations were greater in PCOS subjects than controls. Fasting and integrated concentrations of glucose, GIP and GLP-17–36 amide were similar in subjects with PCOS and controls. Although fasting IPI concentrations were similar in both groups, integrated IPI concentrations were higher ( P = 0·05) in patients with PCOS. Women with PCOS had similar fasting but higher ( P <0·05) integrated IRI: C-peptide molar ratios than controls. Fasting and integrated IPI: IRI molar ratios were similar in both groups. These results confirm that lean women with PCOS have peripheral hyperinsulinaemia. The mild fasting hyperinsulinaemia is due to increased pancreatic secretion, whereas the stimulated hyperinsulinaemia is due to both pancreatic hypersecretion and reduced fractional hepatic extraction of insulin. Hyperproinsulinaemia is modest and appropriate in PCOS. GIP and GLP-17–36 amide do not contribute to the stimulated hyperinsulinaemia in PCOS.

scholarly journals Association of polycystic ovarian syndrome and metabolic syndrome in Tripura, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 2452
Author(s):  
Ipsita Batra ◽  
Jahar Lal Baidya ◽  
Mamata Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Women In India ◽  
Strength Of Association ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Background: A total 4-11% of women in India are affected by PCOS. Studies show that incidence and prevalence is increasing. It is a constellation of metabolic and endocrine abnormalities with significant cost to quality and quantity of life. Aim of this study was to find out the association of metabolic syndrome with PCOS. Objectives of this study were identified subjects suffering from PCOS and measure strength of association of metabolic syndrome.Methods: Case-control study conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Agartala Government Medical College, Agartala, Tripura from January 2017 to June 2018. Fifty cases were diagnosed by Rotterdam criteria and 50 cases age matched controls were recruited. Hundred subjects underwent evaluation for metabolic syndrome according to ESHRE/ASRM criteria. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 17.0.Results: Mean age was 19.4±3.5 years. Oligomenorrhea found in 42 out of 50 cases. Hirsutism found in 54% of cases. There is a statistically significant difference in weight, BMI and waist circumference among PCOS cases and controls. Hypertriglyceridemia was found to be significantly higher among PCOS cases. Fasting glucose and 2-hour OGTT were found to be statistically significantly different. No association was found between metabolic syndrome and clinical hyperandrogenism, but metabolic syndrome was significantly associated with higher BMI. BMI, Hip circumference and oral glucose tolerance test were independent predictors of polycystic ovarian syndrome. Metabolic syndrome was present in 34% of cases. The odds ratio of having metabolic syndrome in a case of PCOS is 5.92.Conclusions: Association between PCOS and metabolic syndrome is statistically significant. The two entities are intrinsically linked to each other and early identification of one may lead to the diagnosis and management of the other.

Leptin concentrations during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in obese and normal weight women

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 625-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bougoulia ◽  
T Tzotzas ◽  
H Efthymiou ◽  
G Koliakos ◽  
TH Konstantinidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance

scholarly journals Sitagliptin decreases visceral fat and blood glucoses in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica K. Devin ◽  
Hui Nian ◽  
Jorge E. Celedonio ◽  
Patricia Wright ◽  
Nancy J. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Interpulse Interval ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Insulinogenic Index ◽  
Glucose Response ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

ContextWomen with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) have decreased growth hormone (GH), which can increase visceral adiposity (VAT) and impair vascular function. GH releasing hormone, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) substrate, stimulates GH secretion.ObjectiveWe tested the hypothesis that DPP4 inhibition increases GH and improves glucose levels and vascular function in women with PCOS.MethodsEighteen women with PCOS participated in a double-blinded, cross-over study. They received sitagliptin 100 mg vs. placebo daily for one month separated by an eight-week washout. During each treatment, women underwent a 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), assessment of vascular function and body composition. Overnight GH secretion was assessed via venous sampling every 10 minutes for 12 hours and analyzed using an automated deconvolution algorithm.ResultsDuring OGTT, sitagliptin increased GLP-1 (p<0.001), early insulin secretion (from mean insulinogenic index 1.9±1.2 (SD) to 3.2±3.1; p=0.02) and decreased peak glucose (mean −17.2 mg/dL [95% CI −27.7, −6.6]; p<0.01). At one month, sitagliptin decreased VAT (from 1141.9±700.7 to 1055.1±710.1 g; p=0.02) but did not affect vascular function. Sitagliptin increased GH half-life (from 13.9±3.6 to 17.0±6.8 min, N=16; p=0.04) and interpulse interval (from 53.2±20.0 to 77.3±38.2 min, N=16; p<0.05) but did not increase mean overnight GH (p=0.92 vs. placebo).ConclusionsSitagliptin decreased the maximal glucose response to OGTT and VAT. Sitagliptin did not increase overnight GH but increased GH half-life and the interpulse interval.PrecisSitagliptin improved body composition and blood glucoses following oral glucose load in women with PCOS. Sitagliptin potentiated GH half-life but did not increase overnight GH levels.

SYNERGISM BETWEEN PROBIOTICS AND HERBS TO MANAGE TYPE 2 DIABETES IN RATS

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
HODA A. ALI ◽  
SAHAR H. MOHAMED ◽  
HEND F. ALHARBI ◽  
REHAM M. ALGHESHAIRY
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Adjuvant Effect ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Objective: This study aims to explore the adjuvant effect of multi-strain probiotics with either saffron, cardamom, ginger, or cinnamon herbs to achieve synergistic management for controlling type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: Eighty-eight adult male, Wistar rats were used. Eight rats were kept as healthy control. Eighty rats were used to induce type 2 diabetic rats (T2DR) and were randomly assigned to ten groups. One group was an offer to 0.2 ml multi-strain probiotics orally. The rest of T2DR were gavage with 100 mg/kg aqueous extract of saffron, cardamom, ginger, or cinnamon without or with 0.2 ml multi-strain probiotics orally. Bodyweight gain (BWG), and feed efficiency ratio (FER) were recorded. Determination of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), serum insulin, C-peptide, HDL, LDL, HDL/total cholesterol ratio were performed. Serum antioxidant activity, Th1and Th2 cytokines and histopathology of the pancreas were done. Results: Comparable with T2DR, solely multi-strain probiotics or with herbs caused a significant reduction in BWG (P<0.05). Groups fed saffron, cardamom, and ginger and enriched with multi-strain probiotic showed significant improvement in OGTT, serum insulin, C-peptide and lipid abnormalities (P<0.05) compared to T2DR. Besides, they had antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The group received ginger alone exerted anti-hyperglycemia and anti-inflammatory effects. However, cinnamon had a moderate anti-diabetic effect and solely probiotics did not show a significant benefit for all parameters except BWG. Conclusion: Cardamom, saffron, and ginger enriched with multi-strain probiotics achieve a synergistic relationship for managing T2D. This finding exhibits a possible new hypothesis to manage diabetes that needs further study.

scholarly journals Associations of HbA1c with the timing of C‐peptide responses during the oral glucose tolerance test at the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-413
Author(s):  
Heba M. Ismail ◽  
Carmella Evans‐Molina ◽  
Linda A. DiMeglio ◽  
Dorothy J. Becker ◽  
Ingrid Libman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
C Peptide

GLP-1 and GIP Levels in Patients With Hyperthyroidism: The Effect of Antithyroid Treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 663-668
Author(s):  
Duygu Kalkan Cira ◽  
Ramazan Sari ◽  
Sebahat Ozdem ◽  
Nusret Yilmaz ◽  
Selen Bozkurt
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Euthyroid State ◽  
Antithyroid Treatment ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Background:Incretin hormones (glucagon-like peptide-1 [GLP-1] and gastric inhibitory polypeptide [GIP]) may play a role in the development of glucose intolerance and hyperglycemia in patients with hyperthyroidism. Objective: We aimed to assess both incretin levels and treatment-induced changes in incretin levels in those with hyperthyroidism. Methods: A total of 24 subjects (12 with hyperthyroidism and 12 healthy) were enrolled in the study. Oral glucose tolerance test was performed and serum glucose, insulin GLP1, and GIP levels were evaluated at 0 (baseline), 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes using ELISA. Measurements were repeated after euthyroidism was reached in subjects with hyperthyroidism. Results: The baseline glucose level was higher in those with hyperthyroidism compared with controls ( P = 0.03). GLP-1 and GIP responses to oral glucose load did not differ significantly between those with hyperthyroidism and controls. Peak GLP-1 and GIP levels were reached in both groups at 60 and 90 minutes, respectively. Areas under the curve (AUCs) for GLP1 and GIP were similar in those with hyperthyroidism and controls. Although GLP-1 and GIP levels did not change before and after antithyroid treatment in subjects with hyperthyroidism, time to peak GLP-1 and GIP levels were reached at 30 minutes after euthyroid state was achieved. Reversal of hyperthyroid to euthyroid status did not induce significant changes in AUCs for incretins. Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggest that the total incretin response to oral glucose load is preserved in patients with hypertyhroidism, but peak incretin responses may change after achieving euthyroid state.

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