scholarly journals Criminal Justice Involvement and Employment Outcomes Among Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 973-994
Author(s):  
Amanda Sheely
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Cumulative Effects ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Criminal Justice Involvement ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

This article investigates the potentially cumulative effects of being arrested, convicted, and incarcerated on labor market outcomes among women, as well as whether decreased employment levels are due to labor market exclusion or detachment. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997, I find that arrested women have reduced levels of employment, due to both labor market exclusion (unemployment) and labor market detachment (not in the labor force). Once the effect of being arrested is taken into account, women who are convicted or incarcerated do not face any additional negative employment consequences. These results demonstrate that policymakers must look beyond incarceration to reduce the impact of criminal justice involvement on women.

State High School Exit Examinations and Postsecondary Labor Market Outcomes

2008 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Warren Warren ◽  
Eric Grodsky ◽  
Jennifer C. Lee
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Exit Examinations ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Labor Force Status ◽  
Central Hypothesis ◽  
High School Exit ◽  
Using Data

Since the late 1970s, an increasing number of states have required students to pass statewide high school exit examinations (HSEEs) in order to graduate. States have usually adopted HSEEs in response to the perception that a substantial number of graduates lack skills that are required for success in the modern economy. What do these educational reforms mean for students' postsecondary economic and labor market prospects? The central hypothesis of the study presented here was that state HSEE policies have the effect of widening gaps in labor force status and earnings between young people who have high school diplomas and those who do not. To test this hypothesis, the authors modeled the association between state HSEE policies and these labor market outcomes using data from the 1980–2000 U.S. censuses and the 1984–2002 Outgoing Rotation Groups of the Current Population Survey. The results revealed no evidence that state HSEEs positively affect labor force status or earnings or that the connections between state HSEE policies and these outcomes vary by students' race/ethnicity or the level of difficulty of state HSEEs.

Is more always good? Over-education, job satisfaction and wages on the Czech labor market

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-414
Author(s):  
Raufhon Salahodjaev
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Wage Penalty ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Considerable Research ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Using Data

The notion of over-education has drawn considerable research attention since the work of Freeman (1976). This study provides evidence that education match matters for labor market outcomes. Using data from the REFLEX survey, we find that over-education and over-skilling has a significant negative impact on wages and job satisfaction in the Czech labor market. Secondly, we find that the wage penalty is stronger for female respondents. In contrast, overskilled and overeducated men are more dissatisfied than women.

Assessing the impact of obesity on labor market outcomes

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten Lindeboom ◽  
Petter Lundborg ◽  
Bas van der Klaauw
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Coordinated Markets, School-to-Work Linkages, and Labor Market Outcomes in the European Union

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Albert DiPrete ◽  
Joanna Chae
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Level Structure ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
School To Work ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Skill Formation ◽  
The Impact

A large literature in both sociology and political science has theorized about the importance of skill formation systems for macroeconomic performance, for the transition from school to work, and for labor market outcomes. However, consensus on how countries fit into these theoretical groupings has been difficult, and empirical evidence that these groupings matter has been elusive. Focusing on labor market outcomes across twenty-one European countries, this paper demonstrates that the strength of linkage between specific educational outcomes and occupational destinations is an important source of these institutional effects. Stronger linkage is generally associated with higher relative earnings and greater chances of employment, though heterogeneity exists both across age and gender groupings and across educational levels. Country-level structure matters because it is related to the local linkage strength of pathways, even as there is considerable heterogeneity within countries in the coherence of pathways from educational outcomes to occupations. Pathway effects clearly matter, particularly in how they shape the consequences of working in an occupation that is well matched to one's educational level and field of study. The strongest evidence for macro-structural effects concerns the impact of macro-structure on the earnings gap between well-matched and not-well matched workers with non-tertiary and with upper tertiary education. The findings suggest that policies to improve labor market outcomes do not require wholesale transformations of a country's skill formation system, but instead can focus on improving pathway coherence one pathway at a time.

scholarly journals Preparing Women of Substance? Education, Training, and Labor Market Outcomes for Women in Pakistan

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (Special Edition) ◽  
pp. 93-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monazza Aslam ◽  
Shenila Rawal
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
General Education ◽  
Occupational Choice ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Returns To Schooling ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Market Benefits

This paper investigates the economic (i.e., labor market) outcomes of “training” for individuals in Pakistan. The labor market benefits of general education have been relatively well explored in the literature and specifically in Pakistan. They point to the benefits of education accruing both from education or skills that promote a person’s entry into more lucrative occupations and from raising earnings within any given occupation. This research delves into another angle by investigating the role, if any, of acquired “training“—technical, vocational, apprenticeship, or on-thejob— and its impact through both channels of effect on economic wellbeing. This is done using data from a unique, purpose-designed survey of more than 1,000 households in Pakistan, collected in 2007. Multinomial logit estimates of occupational attainment show how training determines occupational choice. In addition, we estimate the returns to schooling and to training separately for men and women. The results show that, while training significantly improves women’s chances of entering self-employment and wage work (as well as the more “lucrative” occupations), only wage-working women benefit from improved earnings through the training they have acquired. On the other hand, men who have acquired skills this way benefit through an improved probability of being self-employed and earning higher returns within that occupation.

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