An Extension of Barth's Concept of Ethnic Boundaries to Include Both Other Groups and Developmental Stage of Ethnic Groups

1979 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn T. Molohon ◽  
Richard Paton ◽  
Michael Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Boundaries

Luke-Acts:Political Biography/Historyunder Rome. On Gender and Ethnicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-99
Author(s):  
David L. Balch
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Inaugural Address ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Ethnic Boundaries

AbstractIn the Hellenistic-Roman world, both philosophical schools (Platonists) and ethnic groups (Romans, Athenians, Judeans) were committed to the authority of founder figures. Dionysius, Josephus, and Luke included biographies of their founders (Romulus, Moses, Jesus) within their historical works. Luke-Acts also acculturated Roman politics: 1) Luke narrated the official leadership of early Pauline assemblies exclusively by males, not narrating earlier leadership by women (Junia, Euodia, Syntyche). 2) Luke gave Jesus an inaugural address “to declare God’s age open and welcome to all [nations]” (Luke 4:19 quoting Isa 61:2), urging Luke’s auditors to become multiethnic. Peter instituted this crossing of ethnic boundaries in Judea (Acts 10) and Paul “accepted all” in Rome (Acts 28:30), the concluding sentence of the two volumes.

The Middle East and the Philippines: Transnational Linkages, Labor Migration and the Remaking of Philippine Islam

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 157-181
Author(s):  
Vivienne S.M. Angeles
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Ethnic Boundaries ◽  
Islamic Dress

In this article, Angeles explains how historically Islam in the Philippines has been identified as a religion of ethnic groups that are concentrated in the southern part of the country. Yet Islam in the Philippines has now transcended ethnic boundaries with the increasing number of Filipino Catholics converting to Islam. The author describes how labor migration to the Middle East has led to changes in the composition of Muslims in the Philippines, which in turn has resulted in the growing plural nature of Philippine Islam. This change is demonstrated by the growth of the Balik Islam (converts/ “reverts” to Islam) movement in the country and the changing material culture of the religion (Islamic dress, mosque architecture). Angeles traces the historical development of Philippine labor migration to the Middle East, explores the linkage between labor migration and conversion, and then studies the composition, purposes and aims of the Balik Islam movements that are linked to labor migration. She goes on to analyze the patterns that emerge out of these movements and their implications for Philippine Islam.

scholarly journals Segmentary Lineage Organization and Conflict in Sub‐Saharan Africa

Econometrica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 1999-2036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Moscona ◽  
Nathan Nunn ◽  
James A. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Regression Discontinuity ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Regression Discontinuity Design ◽  
Ethnic Boundaries ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
To Come

We test the longstanding hypothesis that ethnic groups organized around “segmentary lineages” are more prone to conflict. Ethnographic accounts suggest that in such societies, which are characterized by strong allegiances to distant relatives, individuals are obligated to come to the aid of fellow lineage members when they become involved in conflicts. As a consequence, small disagreements often escalate into larger‐scale conflicts involving many individuals. We test for a link between segmentary lineage organization and conflict across ethnic groups in sub‐Saharan Africa. Using a number of estimation strategies, including a regression discontinuity design at ethnic boundaries, we find that segmentary lineage societies experience more conflicts, and particularly ones that are retaliatory, long in duration, and large in scale.

Nationalism and Ethnic-Based Trust

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (14) ◽  
pp. 1819-1854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Lea Robinson
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Identity Salience ◽  
Ethnic Boundaries ◽  
National Identification ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ethnic Barriers

In diverse societies, individuals tend to trust coethnics more than non-coethnics. I argue that identification with a territorially defined nation, common to all ethnic groups, reduces the degree to which trust is ethnically bounded. I conduct a “lab-in-the-field” experiment at the intersection of national and ethnic boundaries in Malawi, which measures strength of national identification, experimentally manipulates national identity salience, and measures trust behaviorally. I find that shared nationality is a robust predictor of trust, equal in magnitude to the impact of shared ethnicity. Furthermore, national identification moderates the degree to which trust is limited to coethnics: While weak national identifiers trust coethnics more than non-coethnics, strong national identifiers are blind to ethnicity. Experimentally increasing national identity salience also eliminates the coethnic trust advantage among weak nationalists. These results offer micro-level evidence that a strong and salient national identity can diminish ethnic barriers to trust in diverse societies.

scholarly journals Killing in the name of …? Types of ethnic groups and armed conflict

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lasse Lykke Rørbæk
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Racial Boundaries ◽  
Ethnic Boundaries ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cultural Content

This paper asks whether certain types of ethnic groups are particularly likely to take part in armed conflict. Several theoretical arguments indicate that this should be the case, often highlighting religious and racial boundaries as being more conflict-prone than, for instance, linguistic boundaries. However, the potential effects of groups being mobilized around these different boundary markers remain largely untested. The paper helps to fill this gap by analyzing conflict propensity across types of ethnic groups in a global sample for the period 1946–2009. At odds with common perceptions, the results show that the probability of armed conflict onset is not affected by whether ethnic groups are mobilized around religious, linguistic, racial, or regional markers. The effect of political discrimination on armed conflict is also not conditioned by these different boundary markers. The paper thus lends support to an inclusive conception of ethnicity and suggests that we need to focus on the social and political context rather than the specific cultural content of ethnic boundaries if we want to identify the conflicts that are most likely to escalate and turn violent.

scholarly journals Migration and the plurality of ethnic boundary work: A qualitative interview study of naming practices of migrants from former Yugoslavia in Germany

Ethnicities ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 146879682110107
Author(s):  
Daniel Drewski ◽  
Julia Tuppat
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Boundary Work ◽  
Former Yugoslavia ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Personal Taste ◽  
Ethnic Boundaries ◽  
Ethnic Affiliation ◽  
Ethnic Boundary ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
The Relationship

Most research on migration and ethnic boundaries is concerned with boundaries between a specific migrant minority and the ‘majority society’ in the destination country. However, migrant groups are not homogenous; within-group boundaries that are relevant in their context of origin may also play a role in the host context. Focusing on migrants from former Yugoslavia, we analyse the relevance of ethnic boundaries between Bosniaks, Serbs and Croats in Germany. We do so by interpreting migrant parents’ practices of first-name giving as instances of ethnic boundary work. In the case of migrants from former Yugoslavia, first names are a salient marker of ethnic affiliation. Based on 22 semi-structured interviews, we distinguish between three types of ethnic boundary work based on first-name giving. ‘Particularists ’ wish to express their ethnic affiliation via first names, and they maintain ethnic boundaries both towards the German majority society as well as other ethnic groups from former Yugoslavia. In contrast, ‘cosmopolitans’ reject names with specific ethnic references and base their choice on personal taste, often opting for international names, thereby rejecting ethnic boundaries towards other former Yugoslav groups. Finally, ‘negotiators’ stand in between. They blur boundaries towards the German majority society, but maintain boundaries towards other ex-Yugoslav ethnic groups. Overall, we find that ex-Yugoslav migrants’ strategies of ethnic boundary work are shaped by a multiplicity of reference groups, not just the relationship with the German majority society.

More About Emerging Adults and Mindfulness

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Holly Rogers ◽  
Margaret Maytan
Keyword(s):  
Identity Development ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Stress Management ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Management Tools

Chapter 2 explores in greater detail the characteristics of the developmental stage of emerging adulthood as well as highlights the usefulness of mindfulness and meditation for this age group. Emerging adulthood is defined by Jeffrey Arnett as a time of identity development in multiple important areas. The developmental stage of emerging adulthood is often expressed differently across racial and ethnic groups and socioeconomic classes. Emerging adults are seeking to answer questions about their direction in life and to discern what relationships and careers are best for them. Mindfulness is a useful tool for this quest as it aids emerging adults in identifying their authentic wishes and needs. The mindfulness-based stress-management tools also allow them to tolerate the stress that comes from all the uncertainties and pressures inherent in this time of development.

scholarly journals Hybridity in Action and Crossing Ethnic Boundaries in the Films Ngenest and Cek Toko Sebelah

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Budi Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Ethnic Boundaries ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Research Questions

This research observed and analyzed both films entitled; “Ngenest” and “Cek Toko Sebelah” to find the manifested hybrid Chineese related to inter-ethnic relationships by drawing on the concept of hybridity. “Ngenest” and “Cek Toko Sebelah” were two successful films that were both written and directed by Ernest Prakasa, a Chinese Indonesian, and also featured Ernest Prakasa in a leading role. Close readings of both films were conducted to identify relevant and recurring themes related to the research questions. The theoretical frameworks of hybridity and essentialism/stereotyping were used to help in gaining a deeper understanding of the essence of the films. The results indicate that race still plays an important role in othering and building ethnic boundaries. Many stereotypes and counter stereotypes against both the Chinese and pribumi exist in the films. In terms of lessening ethnic boundaries, both films present hybridity in action in the form of inter-ethnic marriage and the everyday relationships of the Chinese and other ethnic groups. Although the essentialized Chinese identities are present, they are constantly in negotiation with other identities, in forming a hybridized version of Chineseness.

Embodying the Nation: Mediumship, Ritual, and the National Imagination

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Salemink
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Spirit Possession ◽  
Ritual Practice ◽  
Ethnic Boundaries ◽  
National Imagination

Among lowlander Vietnamese, spirit possession is a growing phenomenon that reserves a prominent ritual place for deities and practices that refer to ethnic groups imagined to have preceded the Việt in their habitats, or to be living in remote places. In this way, ethnic boundaries are simultaneously constructed and transgressed in ways that both spatialize and temporalize cultural difference in embodied ritual practice and the national imagination. The ritual ways in which the boundaries of the ethnic group or nation are imagined and delineated produce ambiguity over ethnic minorities as "imagined predecessors" who must be domesticated——both ritually and politically.

Lives on the border: language and culture in the lives of ethnic Russian women in Baltinava, Latvia

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Cara
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Ethnic Boundaries ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Government Statistics ◽  
Russian Identity

This study draws on ethnographic research conducted in a small village, Baltinava in Latvia, 2.5 kilometres from the border with Russia. The research examines how ethnic Russian women create a specific Latvian Russian identity by contrasting themselves from ethnic Latvians and Russians who live in Russia and identifying with both groups at the same time. To narrate their lives and to make them meaningful, real and/or perceived “attributes” are combined to draw boundaries between “us” and “them.” Thus, the same thing such as language can be used not only both to distinguish themselves from Russians in Russia or Latvians but also to form coherent identities and to emphasize similarities. This study suggests that ethnicities cannot be reduced to a list of set ethnic groups that are very often used in official government statistics. Ethnic identities have to be viewed as fluid and situational. Moreover, this study shows the dialectic nature of ethnicity. On the one hand, external political, historical and social processes create and recreate ethnic categories and definitions. Yet, on the other hand, the women in this study are active agents creating meaningful and symbolic ethnic boundaries.

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