Examining the Cross-Level Influence of Dispositional and Team Goal Orientations on Employee Self-Regulation and Performance in a Complex Task Environment

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tal Katz-Navon ◽  
Esther Unger-Aviram ◽  
Caryn Block
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Team Learning ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Goal Orientations ◽  
Learning Orientation ◽  
Complex Tasks ◽  
Regulatory Processes

The study examined the mediating role of individual’s self-regulatory processes of deep cognitive strategies (meaningful learning rather than a reproduction of knowledge) and negative affect in the relationship between dispositional and team goal orientations and team member’s performance of complex tasks. Thirty-three research and development teams and their managers participated. Results demonstrated that dispositional performance orientation (focus on success) increased negative affect, which, in turn, lowered employee job performance. Whereas team learning orientation (focus on learning and improvement) decreased negative affect, which, in turn, was associated with higher employee job performance. Additionally, both dispositional and team learning orientations were positively and significantly associated with individuals’ use of deep cognitive strategies. However, deep cognitive strategies were not associated with employee performance. Findings suggest that managers of teams performing complex tasks may want to consider ways to create and sustain a high learning orientation in order to reduce negative affect and increase use of deep cognitive strategies within their teams.

Do employee responses to organizational support depend on their personality? The joint moderating role of conscientiousness and emotional stability

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg J. Sears ◽  
Yu Han
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Employee Commitment ◽  
Emotional Stability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects

PurposeThis study explored whether two Big Five traits – conscientiousness and emotional stability – jointly moderate the positive effects of perceived organizational support (POS) on employee commitment and job performance. Drawing on organizational support theory and a self-regulation perspective, we proposed that employees high on both traits will more effectively leverage POS to enhance both their commitment and their performance.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 141 employees in a multinational transportation security firm. Employees completed measures assessing their POS, personality and affective commitment. Supervisors provided ratings of employees' job performance.FindingsResults indicated that POS exerts a stronger influence on both employee commitment and performance when workers are high on conscientiousness and emotional stability. Moreover, POS was only found to be significantly associated with job performance when employees were high on both traits.Research limitations/implicationsThese results suggest that personality traits play an integral role in influencing workers' perceptions of, and responses to, POS. Specifically, employees who demonstrate a stronger task focus and self-regulation capabilities appear to respond more favorably to POS.Practical implicationsThese findings reinforce the value of implementing HR practices that convey support for employees but also highlight the importance of attracting and retaining employees who are conscientious and emotional stable in order to fully realize the benefits of these practices.Originality/valueRecent evidence indicates that the relationship between POS and employee performance is tenuous. Our results are consistent with a contingency perspective on POS and signal that this may be partly owing to the `influence of individual differences, such as personality traits, in moderating the effects of POS.

Feeling Positive, Negative, or Both? Examining the Self-Regulatory Benefits of Emotional Ambivalence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison S. Gabriel ◽  
Marcus M. Butts ◽  
Nitya Chawla ◽  
Serge P. da Motta Veiga ◽  
Daniel B. Turban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Work Lives ◽  
Emotional Ambivalence ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Job Offers ◽  
Organizational Scholarship

According to self-regulation theories, affect plays a crucial role in driving goal-directed behaviors throughout employees’ work lives. Yet past work presents inconsistent results regarding the effects of positive and negative affect with theory heavily relying on understanding the separate, unique effects of each affective experience. In the current research, we integrate tenets of emotional ambivalence with self-regulation theories to examine how the conjoint experience of positive and negative affect yields benefits for behavioral regulation. We test these ideas within a self-regulatory context that has frequently studied the benefits of affect and has implications for all employees at one point in their careers: the job search. Adopting a person-centered (i.e., profile-based) perspective across two within-person investigations, we explore how emotional ambivalence relates to job search success (i.e., interview invitations, job offers) via job search self-regulatory processes (i.e., metacognitive strategies, effort). Results illustrate that the subsequent week (i.e., at time t + 1; Study 1) and month (Study 2) after job seekers experience emotional ambivalence (i.e., positive and negative affect experienced jointly at similar levels at time t), they receive more job offers via increased job search effort and interview invitations. Theoretical and practical implications for studying emotional ambivalence in organizational scholarship are discussed.

On the Nature of Motivational Orientations: Implications of Assessed Goals and Gender Differences for Motivational Goal Theory

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 232-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Alonso-Tapia ◽  
Juan A. Huertas ◽  
Miguel A. Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Goal Orientations ◽  
Achievement Goal ◽  
Goal Theory ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Multiple Group ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Theory Research

In a historical revision of the achievement goal construct, Elliot (2005) recognized that there is little consensus on whether the term “goal” in “achievement goal orientations” (GO) is best represented as an “aim”, as an overarching orientation encompassing several “aims”, or as a combination of aims and other processes -self-regulation, etc.-. Elliot pointed also that goal theory research provides evidence for different models of GO. As there were no consensus on these issues, we decided to get evidence about the nature and structure of GO, about the role of gender differences in the configuration of such structure, and about relations between GO, expectancies, volitional processes and achievement. A total of 382 university students from different faculties of two public universities of Madrid (Spain) that voluntarily accepted to fill in a questionnaire that assessed different goals, expectancies and self-regulatory processes participated in the study. Scales reliability, confirmatory factor analyses, multiple-group analyses, and correlation and regression analyses were carried out. Results support the trichotomous model of GO, the consideration of GO as a combination of aims and other psychological processes, showed some gender differences and favour the adoption of a multiple goal perspective for explaining students' motivation.

scholarly journals Metacognitive components as predictors of preschool children’s performance in problem-solving tasks

Psihologija ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mia Maric ◽  
Marija Sakac
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Metacognitive Knowledge ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Complex Tasks ◽  
Cognitive Regulation ◽  
Metacognitive Abilities ◽  
Cognitive Monitoring

The aim of the study was to examine the relation between metacognitive components, declarative and procedural metacognitive knowledge and cognitive regulation, and preschool children?s performance in different problem solving tasks ? hidden pictures, classifying and sorting, the same and the different, estimation, patterns, dot-to-dot, mazes and memory tasks. The sample consisted of 347 preschool children aged 3?6. The results showed that children with highly developed metacognitive abilities, declarative and procedural metacognitive knowledge, cognitive monitoring and self-regulation of cognitive strategies, were more successful and efficient in resolving problem tasks. This relation was stronger in older children and in more complex tasks.

Goal orientations, absorptive capacity, and NPD team performance: evidence from China

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 489-510
Author(s):  
Haishan Liang ◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
M.M. Fonseka ◽  
Feng Zhou
Keyword(s):  
New Product Development ◽  
Team Performance ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Team Learning ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Goal Orientations ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Learning Orientation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
External Knowledge

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationships between different types of team goal orientations (team learning orientation, team prove orientation and team avoid orientation) and team performance in new product development (NPD) and how these relationships are mediated by team absorptive capacity. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected through two surveys from 71 NPD teams and analyzed by the confirmatory factor analysis, correlation and hierarchical regression analysis methods. Findings The authors find that both teams’ learning and prove orientations are positively related to their absorptive capacity, which leads to increasing team performance in NPD. Further, the authors find support for the mediating role of team absorptive capacity in connecting team learning orientation and team prove orientation with team performance in NPD. Practical implications For practitioners, this paper suggests that to benefit from their NPD team efforts, firms with innovative aspirations should consider their existing and desired access to external knowledge sources and particularly the extent to which they can successfully integrate external knowledge with their internal knowledge structure. Originality/value The explication of team absorptive capacity is as a key mechanism through which different goal orientations of NPD teams inform the ability to successfully develop new products. By integrating the concepts of team goal orientations, team absorptive capacity and team performance in NPD, the authors seek to gain a better understanding of why some firms are more likely to do better than others in NPD. Findings of this paper extend concept of the nomological network on how absorptive capacity may serve as a direct outcome of different goal orientations. This paper responds to how Chinese firms can increase their innovative performance by infusing their current knowledge bases with external knowledge and extends the literature on knowledge management and managerial ties on innovation.

Relationship between transformational leadership and nurses' job performance: The mediating effect of psychological safety

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Hsueh-Feng Wang ◽  
Yu-Chia Chen ◽  
Feng-Hua Yang ◽  
Chi-Wen Juan
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Nurse Managers ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Psychological Safety ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Central Taiwan

Rapid changes in the healthcare environment necessitate improvements in employee performance. We examined the relationship between nurse managers' transformational leadership and nurses' job performance, and the key mediating role of psychological safety in this relationship. Personnel at six private regional teaching hospitals in Central Taiwan participated in this study, comprising 73 nurse managers and 719 nurses. The results show that when the intergroup heterogeneity of job performance was statistically significant, a positive correlation existed between transformational leadership and job performance at the group level. Next, we performed an analysis using psychological safety as a mediating variable. The results show there was a significant correlation between transformational leadership and perception of psychological safety. This model exhibited lower variance and a better fit than the other examined models. Thus, emphasizing transformational leadership and psychological safety in operations and management could effectively improve nurses' job performance; this recommendation could serve as a standard for nurse managers in their duties.

scholarly journals Dance Movement Therapy for Clients With a Personality Disorder: A Systematic Review and Thematic Synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. T. Kleinlooh ◽  
R. A. Samaritter ◽  
R. M. van Rijn ◽  
G. Kuipers ◽  
J. H Stubbe
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Movement Therapy ◽  
Hierarchical Level ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Dance Movement Therapy ◽  
Dance Movement ◽  
Thematic Synthesis

Background: People with a personality disorder (PD) suffer from enduring inflexible patterns in cognitions and emotions, leading to significant subjective distress, affecting both self and interpersonal functioning. In clinical practice, Dance Movement Therapy (DMT) is provided to clients with a PD, and although research continuously confirms the value of DMT for many populations, to date, there is very limited information available on DMT and PD. For this study, a systematic literature review on DMT and PD was conducted to identify the content of the described DMT interventions and the main treatment themes to focus upon in DMT for PD.Methods: A systematic search was conducted across the following databases: EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, WEB OF SCIENCE, PsycINFO/OVID, and SCOPUS following the PRISMA guidelines. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme for qualitative studies was used to rank the quality of the articles. The Oxford Center for Evidence-based Medicine standards were applied to determine the hierarchical level of best evidence. Quantitative content analysis was used to identify the intervention components: intended therapeutic goals, therapeutic activities leading to these goals, and suggested therapeutic effects following from these activities. A thematic synthesis approach was applied to analyze and formulate overarching themes.Results: Among 421 extracted articles, four expert opinions met the inclusion criteria. Six overarching themes were found for DMT interventions for PD: self-regulation, interpersonal relationships, integration of self, processing experiences, cognition, and expression and symbolization in movement/dance. No systematic descriptions of DMT interventions for PD were identified. A full series of intervention components could be synthesized for the themes of self-regulation, interpersonal relationships, and cognition. The use of body-oriented approaches and cognitive strategies was in favor of dance-informed approaches.Conclusions: Dance movement therapists working with PD clients focus in their interventions on body-related experiences, non-verbal interpersonal relationships, and to a lesser extent, cognitive functioning. A methodological line for all intervention components was synthesized for the themes of self-regulation, interpersonal relationships, and cognition, of importance for developing systematic intervention descriptions. Future research could focus on practitioners' expertise in applying DMT interventions for PD to develop systematic intervention descriptions and explore the suitability of the identified themes for clinical application. Clients' experiences could offer essential insights on how DMT interventions could address PD pathology and specific PD categories.

scholarly journals Regulation of Alcohol Advertising in Australia: Does the Abac Scheme Adequately Protect Young People from Marketing of Alcoholic Beverages?

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda Reeve
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
Alcohol Advertising ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Alcohol Marketing ◽  
Effective Form ◽  
Advertising Content

This paper examines regulation of alcohol advertising regulation in Australia. Specifically, it considers whether the alcohol industry’s code of conduct, the Alcohol Beverages Advertising Code (‘ABAC’) operates as an effective form of industry-based regulation, focusing on provisions that prohibit alcohol advertising in media directed to children and young people, and advertising content or messaging that appeals to minors. The paper sets out a framework for effective self-regulation and applies it to the substantive provisions and regulatory processes established by the ABAC Scheme. The paper finds that the substantive rules found in the ABAC contain a number of significant loopholes, including a failure to adequately restrict the placement of alcohol promotions or to regulate alcohol industry sponsorship. Further, the ABAC Scheme lacks independent administration, systematic monitoring, or meaningful sanctions for responding to non-compliance. Accordingly, regulatory processes lack transparency and accountability, undermining the credibility and efficacy of the Scheme. The paper concludes by outlining a phased or responsive approach to creating a regulatory regime that protects young people more effectively from exposure to alcohol marketing.

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