Metronidazole Concentrations in Human Plasma, Saliva, and Gingival Crevice Fluid after a Single Dose

1986 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 1420-1423 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A.C. Van Oosten ◽  
F.J.W. Notten ◽  
F.H.M. Mikx
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Agar Diffusion Assay ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Diffusion Assay ◽  
Gingival Fluid

Metronidazole concentrations were estimated in four human volunteers after a single dose of 750 mg taken orally. Samples of blood, saliva, and gingival crevice fluid were collected before intake and during the following 24 hours. The concentrations of metronidazole in plasma and saliva were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The concentrations in gingival fluid were estimated by a capillary agar-diffusion assay. The results of the metronidazole measurements as obtained by both methods were significantly correlated. The peak concentrations of metronidazole in plasma and saliva were in the same range, 8.7-13.8 μ g/mL, and similar concentrations were found in the gingival fluid samples. It is concluded that metronidazole taken orally has similar pharmacokinetics in both saliva and plasma, and that a single oral dose of 750 mg metronidazole leads to a concentration of the drug in the gingival crevice fluid that exceeds the minimal inhibitory concentration for most anaerobic oral micro-organisms.

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetic profile and metabolite identification of bornyl caffeate and caffeic acid in rats by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 4015-4027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baimei Shi ◽  
Lingjian Yang ◽  
Tian Gao ◽  
Cuicui Ma ◽  
Qiannan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ion Trap ◽  
Metabolite Identification ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
Tof Ms

We revealed the metabolic profile of bornyl caffeate by HPLC-Q-TOF/MS, and then simultaneously examined the pharmacokinetics of bornyl caffeate and CA after administration of a single dose of bornyl caffeate by HPLC ion trap MS.

scholarly journals Decreasing half-life of dieldrin in egg yolk following a single oral administration of aldrin to laying hens

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-472
Author(s):  
N. Furusawa
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Half Life ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Single Oral Administration ◽  
Low Levels

Laying hens were treated orally with a single dose of aldrin (AD) 1 mg/kg body weight. Concentrations (μg/g) of AD or its epoxide (= dieldrin, DD) in the yolk of eggs laid for 21 days after AD treatment were determined by normalphase high-performance liquid chromatography. The limits of determination were 0.02 μg/g for AD and 0.03 μg/g for DD, respectively. After AD treatment, although the low levels of AD (mean 0.02–0.03 μg/g) were observed only during a three-day period (from 4th to 6th days), DD (mean 0.15 μg/g) was found already on the 2nd day, indicating that the epoxidation of AD to DD in the hen’s body is rapid. The highest level of DD (mean 0.40 μg/g) was detected on the 6th day, and then DD levels decreased slowly and were detected up to the 21st day. In this decreasing phase, the half-life of DD in the yolk was estimated to be 25.6 days with a 95% confidence interval from 22.7 to 29.4 days.

Short-Dwell Cycling Intraperitoneal Cefazolin plus Ceftazidime in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadudee Peerapornratana ◽  
Pajaree Chariyavilaskul ◽  
Talerngsak Kanjanabuch ◽  
Kearkiat Praditpornsilpa ◽  
Somchai Eiam-Ong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Volume Overload ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Current Guidelines

BackgroundCurrent guidelines suggest that intraperitoneal (IP) antibiotics should be administered only in a long peritoneal dialysis (PD) dwell (≥ 6 hours). The long dwell might result in low ultrafiltration and volume overload. We aim to examine plasma and dialysate concentration of cefazolin and ceftazidime after IP administration in a short-dwell (≤ 2 hours) automated cycling exchange.MethodsStable PD patients without peritonitis were invited to participate in the present study. Patients underwent 5 2-liter exchanges of PD fluid over 10 hours by the PD cycling machine without last fill or additional dwell. Cefazolin and ceftazidime (20 mg/kg each) were added to the first 5-liter bag of 2.5% dextrose PD fluid that was placed on the warmer of the PD cycling machine. Plasma samples were collected at 12 time-points over 24 hours. Dialysate samples from each exchange were also collected. Antibiotic concentrations in plasma and dialysate were then determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).ResultsSix stable PD patients without peritonitis participated in the study. Dialysate cefazolin and ceftazidime were consistently high throughout the PD session in all patients (26 - 360 mg/L). Plasma cefazolin and ceftazidime exceeded the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for susceptible organisms (≤ 8 mg/L) within 2 hours (cefazolin 28.5 ± 8.0 and ceftazidime 12.5 ± 3.4 mg/L), peak at 10 hours (51.1 ± 14.1 and 23.0 ± 5.2 mg/L) and sustained well above the MIC at 24 hours (42.0 ± 9.6 and 17.1 ± 3.1 mg/L).ConclusionsThe short-dwell cycling IP cefazolin and ceftazidime could provide adequate plasma concentration for up to 24 hours. Daily short-dwell cycling IP cefazolin and ceftazidime might be used to treat peritonitis in PD patients already using a PD cycling machine as well as selected continuous ambulatory PD (CAPD) patients who need shorter dwells during peritonitis due to increasing peritoneal solute transport.

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