Wavelength-independent Microradiography: A Method for Non-destructive Quantification of Enamel and Dentin Mineral Concentrations using Polychromatic X-rays

1990 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1522-1526 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.M. Herkströter ◽  
J.J. Ten Bosch
Keyword(s):  
Mass Attenuation Coefficient ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Tube Voltage ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Mass Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Mineral Concentrations ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Mass Attenuation

Wavelength-independent Microradiography (WIM), described in this paper, used polychromatic, high-energy (≤ 60 kV) x-rays for determination of mineral concentrations in tooth material non-destructively. This was done with the aid of a reference step-wedge made of 94% aluminum, 6% zinc. The mass attenuation coefficient of this material has a wavelength-independent ratio to the mass attenuation coefficients of enamel and dentin. With this method, mineral concentrations of enamel and dentin samples, with a thickness up to 500 μm, were determined at 20- and at 60-kV tube voltage. The samples were demineralized for 72 and 144 h and measured again. Comparison of the data showed that mineral quantification was within 1.5%, independent of the x-rays used. Finally, these mineral concentrations-obtained from the Wavelength-independent Microradiography-were compared with measurements of the same samples by Longitudinal Microradiography. A correlation of 0.99 was found for enamel and one of 0.96 for dentin.

scholarly journals Determination of the mass attenuation coefficient for Aluminum element using (Cu,Mo) X-rays tubes

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Ahmad Mohamed Kheder ◽  
Muhsin Hasan Ali
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Attenuation Coefficient ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Mass Attenuation Coefficient ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mass Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Mass Attenuation

In this study the value of linear  and mass  attenuation coefficients of Aluminum element (Al) were determinated by using x-ray Cu-tube of energies CuKα (8.048) KeV, CuKβ (8.906) KeV, and Mo-tube of energies MoKα (17.480) KeV and MoKβ (19.609) KeV.the voltage between the two electrodes are up to 35 KV.The measured  values are compared with other experimental data showing a general agreement within a precision of 0.2% - 0.8%. The mass attenuation cross-sections were thus derived and compared with other experimental data available on database of x-ray attenuation cross-sections. The agreement is always within ±7%.   http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.013

scholarly journals A mathematical function for describing the dependence of the mass attenuation coefficient versus energy for composite materials in an energy range of 100 keV to 2 MeV

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Nguyen Anh ◽  
Lam Nhat ◽  
Ho Ngan ◽  
Hoang Tam
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Attenuation Coefficient ◽  
Mass Attenuation Coefficient ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Mathematical Function ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Coefficient Versus ◽  
Mass Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Mass Attenuation

This work proposes a mathematical function for describing the dependence of mass attenuation coefficients vs. energy for composite materials in the range of 100 keV to 2 MeV. The obtained results show that the proposed function is capable of accurately describing the data with a coefficient of determination of approximately 1 for all investigated materials. Using the proposed mathematical function, the mass attenuation coefficients were interpolated and compared with the results from the Monte Carlo simulation. The results show good agreement when the simulated to interpolated mass attenuation coefficient ratios are in the range from 0.95 to 1.05. Moreover, the values of interpolated mass attenuation coefficients have also been compared with the experimental data in the previous works which indicates that most of these ratios range from 0.9 to 1.1. <br><br><font color="red"><b> This article has been corrected. Link to the correction <u><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/NTRP1902209E">10.2298/NTRP1902209E</a><u></b></font>

Determination of attenuation coefficients of some wood materials based on thickness and chemical composition

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (9) ◽  
pp. 968-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Saritha ◽  
A.S. Nageswara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Mass Attenuation Coefficient ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mass Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Mass Attenuation

The variation of linear attenuation coefficients with the densities of different samples is investigated in this paper. For this study, different types of soft wood and hard wood samples were collected from the Pakal forest area of the Warangal district, Andhra Pradesh, India. The linear and mass attenuation coefficients of different wood samples are measured using gamma ray spectrometry based on NaI(Tl) scintillation detector at the gamma ray energies of 661.6 and 59.5 keV. The experimental values of mass attenuation coefficient are compared with that of XCOM data based tool. Figures show the variation of mass attenuation coefficients of wood materials against the absorber thickness (number of mean free paths). From the numerical values, it is inferred that the large thickness of the samples reduces the scattered photons reaching the detector by decreasing the scattering angle.

scholarly journals Determination of Mass Attenuation Coefficients of Th, U, Np, and Pu for Oxygen Kα X-Rays Using an Electron Microprobe

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-203
Author(s):  
Philipp Pöml ◽  
Xavier Llovet
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microprobe ◽  
Photoionization Cross Section ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mass Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulation Program ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Mass Attenuation

AbstractMass attenuation coefficients (MACs) of Th, U, Np, and Pu for oxygen X-rays have been experimentally determined using an electron microprobe. The MACs were obtained by measuring relative X-ray intensities emitted from ThO2, UO2, NpO2, and PuO2 targets, for incident electron energies from 5 to 30 keV, and processing them with the help of the computer program XMAC. The accuracy of the measured MACs is estimated to be better than 5%. Results are compared with MAC tabulations commonly used in electron probe microanalysis as well as with theoretical photoionization calculations. It is concluded that the MACs implemented in the Monte Carlo simulation program PENELOPE which are based on the photoionization cross-section calculations of Sabbatucci & Salvat [(2016). Theory and calculation of the atomic photoeffect. Rad Phys Chem121, 122–140], provide the best agreement with our measurements. The use of different MAC schemes for the analysis of mixed actinide oxide materials is discussed.

Determination of LIII subshell photoelectric parameters of iridium

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 427-431
Author(s):  
Erhan Cengiz
Keyword(s):  
Form Factor ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Narrow Beam ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Beam Geometry ◽  
Mass Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Photoelectric Cross Section ◽  
Mass Attenuation

The LIII subshell photoelectric cross section, jump ratio, jump factor, and Davisson–Kirchner ratio of iridium have been determined by mass attenuation coefficients. The measurements have been performed using the X-ray attenuation method in narrow beam geometry. The obtained results have been compared with the tabulated values of XCOM (Berger et al. XCOM: Photon cross section database (version 1.3). NIST. Available at http://physics.nist.gov/xcom . 2005) and FFAST (Chantler et al. X-ray form factor, attenuation and scattering tables (version 2.1). NIST. Available at http://physics.nist.gov/ffast . 2005).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document