Examining the Coevolution of Drug Use Variety and Different Types of Offending Frequency Among Justice-Involved Adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 002204262110022
Author(s):  
Benjamin T. Kuettel
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Criminal Offending ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Violent Offending ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Trajectory Models ◽  
Frequent Offenders

Past research demonstrates a strong link between drug use and crime among justice-involved adolescents, yet little is known about the joint development between drug use variety and various types of criminal offending frequencies from adolescence to young adulthood. Using a sample of male adolescent offenders ( N = 842), this article examines the coevolution of drug use variety and three separate types of offending frequencies. First, four group-based trajectory models identify unique group developmental patterns for drug use variety, drug sales offending, property offending, and violent offending. Next, three dual-trajectory models examine the coevolution between drug use variety and each type of criminal offending. Findings reveal a general pattern of desistance for both drug use and offending, while also illustrating notable variability in group trajectory patterns for drug use variety and criminal behavior. This article concludes that adolescents with elevated drug use variety make up a large proportion of frequent offenders.

scholarly journals A general pattern in the construction of economic newsworthiness? Analyzing news factors in popular, quality, regional, and financial newspapers

Journalism ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Boukes ◽  
Rens Vliegenthart
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Geographical Proximity ◽  
Detailed Understanding ◽  
Economic News ◽  
Regional Newspapers ◽  
Different Types

Journalists use news factors to construct newsworthy stories. This study investigates whether different types of news outlets emphasize different news factors. Using a large-scale manual content analysis ( n = 6489), we examine the presence of seven news factors in economic news across four different outlets types (i.e. popular, quality, regional, and financial newspapers). Results suggest that popular and regional newspapers particularly rely on the news factors of personification, negativity, and geographical proximity. Quality newspapers, instead, employ a rather general pattern of news factors, whereas the financial newspaper consistently relies on less news factors in its reporting. Findings urge scholars to move toward a more detailed understanding of how newsworthiness is constructed in different types of news outlets.

scholarly journals Drug utilization research: a review

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 354
Author(s):  
Dinesh Kumar Meena ◽  
M. Jayanthi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Utilization Research ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Drug Utilization Research ◽  
Ultimate Purpose ◽  
Optimal Quality

Data from drug utilization research is an invaluable resource for all stake holders involved in drug and health policies. Drug utilization is “marketing, distribution, prescription and use of drugs in a society, with special emphasis on the resulting medical, social and economic consequences”. Research on drug utilization includes factors related to prescribing, dispensing, administering and intake of medication and its associated events. The ultimate purpose of drug utilization research is to estimate the optimal quality of drug therapy by identifying, documenting, analysing problems in drug utilization and monitoring the consequences. It encourages the prescribers to prescribe correct drug at appropriate dose and affordable price. It contributes to the knowledge of rational use of drugs in the society; whether the drug is being prescribed appropriately, whether the drug is taken in correct dosage, whether the drug is available at affordable price or misused. It provides valuable feedback about the rationality of the prescription to the doctors. It also assesses whether an intervention affects the drug use in the population by examining the outcomes of different types of intervention given to improve rationality in drug use. Drug utilization research can be qualitative or quantitative and can be done by various methods. This review highlights the understanding of various aspects, different designs and WHO guidelines for conducting drug utilization research.

Crime and Violence in Older Adults: Findings From the 2002 to 2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052091365
Author(s):  
Katherine J. Holzer ◽  
Millan A. AbiNader ◽  
Michael G. Vaughn ◽  
Christopher P. Salas-Wright ◽  
Sehun Oh
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Criminal Behaviors

Studies on criminal behaviors largely focus on youth and younger adults. While criminal engagement declines with age, the aging population and significant costs associated with older offenders warrant their increased clinical and research attention. The present study utilizes data from the 2002 to 2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health to estimate the prevalence and explore the sociodemographic and psychosocial correlates of criminal behavior in adults aged 50 years and older. The overall prevalence of older adults engaging in criminal behaviors during this time was approximately 1.20%. There was no significant difference in crime involvement between adults aged 50 to 64 years and 65 years and older. Older individuals who committed crimes were more likely to be male and Black and earning low income. Criminality was also associated with use of illicit substances and depression as well as receipt of mental health treatment.

Toward a Typology of Normative Drug Users Based on Levels of Functioning, Justifications and Types of Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-258
Author(s):  
Moran Chassid-Segin ◽  
Keren Gueta ◽  
Natti Ronel
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Drug Usage ◽  
Level Of Functioning ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Levels Of Functioning

The study explores 29 individuals who described themselves as functioning normatively while using drugs on a regular basis. They defined their use as intensive, constant, and playing a significant part in their normative lives. The content analysis revealed a typology consisting of four different types of normative users: the socially connected users, the better coping users, the ambivalent users, and the recovering users. This typology was created on the basis of three axes: level of functioning, justification of use, style of use. Our typology highlights the differences between normative users with varying patterns of drug usage and levels of functioning, ranging from users who claim that drug use causes them no harm to those who acknowledge that drug use has significantly damaged their functioning. This typology places particular emphasis on normative users who are experiencing a range of difficulties and need specific forms of therapy to preserve their normative lives.

Initiation of Drug Use, Drug Sales, and Violent Offending among a Sample of Gang and Nongang Youth

2012 ◽  
pp. 37-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Finn-AAGE Esbensen ◽  
Dana Peterson ◽  
Adrienne Freng ◽  
Terrance J. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Sales ◽  
Violent Offending
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