scholarly journals Apoptosis and Proliferation of Myoepithelial Cells in Atrophic Rat Submandibular Glands

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 1557-1563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeru Takahashi ◽  
Shiro Nakamura ◽  
Katsuhiro Shinzato ◽  
Takanori Domon ◽  
Tsuneyuki Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Double Staining ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Submandibular Glands ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Duct Ligation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Proliferating Cell

This study was designed to determine whether apoptosis and proliferation of myoepithelial cells occur in atrophic rat submandibular glands. The excretory duct of the right submandibular gland was doubly ligated with metal clips. The atrophic right submandibular glands removed after 1–28 days of duct ligation were investigated using immunohistochemical double staining for actin as a marker for myoepithelial cells and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) as a marker for proliferating cells, double staining for actin immunohistochemistry, nick end-labeling (TUNEL) as a marker for apoptotic cells, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A few PCNA- and no TUNEL-positive myoepithelial cells were found in the control submandibular glands taken from animals with no operation. In the experimental glands, PCNA-positive myoepithelial cells were common 2 and 3 days after duct ligation and then decreased in number. TUNEL-positive myoepithelial cells appeared at 2 days and were observed most frequently at 5 days. Apoptotic myoepithelial cells were also identified by TEM. These observations suggest that both apoptosis and proliferation of myoepithelial cells occur, especially in the early phase of atrophy, in the rat submandibular gland.

scholarly journals Proliferating cells in human eccrine and apocrine sweat glands.

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 1217-1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Morimoto ◽  
K Saga
Keyword(s):  
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Peripheral Cells ◽  
Proliferating Cell ◽  
Eccrine Sweat Glands

Morphological observations of sweat glands showed degenerated debris of secretory cells in the secretory lumen in both apocrine and eccrine sweat glands. This suggested that dead secretory cells of human eccrine and apocrine sweat glands were released into the lumen and replaced by other cells. However, we did not know which type of cells replaced lost secretory cells. Therefore, we studied the proliferating cells in human eccrine and apocrine sweat glands by labeling S-phase cells in vitro with 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdUrd) and by immunostaining proliferation-associated proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) with anti-PCNA monoclonal antibody. BrdUrd and anti-PCNA antibody labeled a few secretory cells in eccrine and apocrine sweat glands, but neither method labeled myoepithelial cells. Luminal and peripheral cells of the eccrine and apocrine coiled duct were labeled with both BrdUrd and PCNA. However, we could not find any highly proliferative germinative cells in coiled ducts. Our results suggest that lost secretory cells could be replaced by proliferation of secretory cells themselves rather than by proliferation of myoepithelial cells or duct cells.

scholarly journals Proliferating cell nuclear antigen acts as a cytoplasmic platform controlling human neutrophil survival

2010 ◽  
Vol 207 (12) ◽  
pp. 2631-2645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Witko-Sarsat ◽  
Julie Mocek ◽  
Dikra Bouayad ◽  
Nicola Tamassia ◽  
Jean-Antoine Ribeil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Neutrophil Apoptosis ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Rna Transfection ◽  
Neutrophil Survival ◽  
Proliferating Cell

Neutrophil apoptosis is a highly regulated process essential for inflammation resolution, the molecular mechanisms of which are only partially elucidated. In this study, we describe a survival pathway controlled by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a nuclear factor involved in DNA replication and repairing of proliferating cells. We show that mature neutrophils, despite their inability to proliferate, express high levels of PCNA exclusively in their cytosol and constitutively associated with procaspases, presumably to prevent their activation. Notably, cytosolic PCNA abundance decreased during apoptosis, and increased during in vitro and in vivo exposure to the survival factor granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Peptides derived from the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, which compete with procaspases to bind PCNA, triggered neutrophil apoptosis thus demonstrating that specific modification of PCNA protein interactions affects neutrophil survival. Furthermore, PCNA overexpression rendered neutrophil-differentiated PLB985 myeloid cells significantly more resistant to TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand– or gliotoxin-induced apoptosis. Conversely, a decrease in PCNA expression after PCNA small interfering RNA transfection sensitized these cells to apoptosis. Finally, a mutation in the PCNA interdomain-connecting loop, the binding site for many partners, significantly decreased the PCNA-mediated antiapoptotic effect. These results identify PCNA as a regulator of neutrophil lifespan, thereby highlighting a novel target to potentially modulate pathological inflammation.

scholarly journals In Situ Analysis of Cellular Proliferation in Canine, Feline and Equine Tumors by Immunohistochemistry: A Comparison of Bromodeoxyuridine, Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen, and Interchromatin-Associated Antigen Immunostaining Techniques

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Pierre Théon ◽  
Loretta Metzger ◽  
Stephen Griffey
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Brdu Incorporation ◽  
Immunohistochemical Detection ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Proliferating Cell

Cell proliferation in canine, feline, and equine tumors was evaluated using immunohistochemical detection of in vitro 5–bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and interchromatin-associated antigen (p105). Ten tumors in each species were analyzed. The tumor proliferative fraction (PF) was defined as the percentage of labeled nuclei for 5,000 tumor nuclei counted. Immunoreactivity was observed with all techniques in all species. A good correlation was observed between the proliferative fractions measured with the BrdU (PFBrdU) and PCNA (PFPCNA) techniques ( rs = 0.523, P = 0.0026). There was no correlation between the PFs measured with the BrdU (PFBrdU) and p105 (PFP105) techniques. Using the median values obtained from the different approaches as cutoff points to define slowly and rapidly proliferating tumors, there was an 80% agreement ( P = 0.009) between PFBrdU and PFPCNA and no agreement between PFBrdU and PFP105 The results of this study indicate that both BrdU and PCNA labeling methods can be used reliably for identifying proliferating cells in animal tumors. In addition, PCNA could be used to replace the BrdU method to assess tumor proliferative fraction because it does not require pretreatment of tissues.

scholarly journals Differences in the cellular composition of small versus large uterine fibroids

Reproduction ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 152 (5) ◽  
pp. 467-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J Holdsworth-Carson ◽  
Dong Zhao ◽  
Leonie Cann ◽  
Sophie Bittinger ◽  
Cameron J Nowell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Cellular Composition ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Cellular Phenotypes ◽  
Proliferating Cell ◽  
Fibroid Growth

Uterine fibroids are clonally derived from a single cell; however, despite being monoclonal, the cellular phenotypes that make up uterine fibroids are heterogeneous consisting of predominantly smooth muscle cells (SMC) and fibroblasts. This raises the question as to when clonal cell differentiation occurs during fibroid development, and does this information provide clues about possible mechanisms regulating the growth process that leads to fibroids of symptom-causing size? This study investigated the differences in the cellular composition of fibroids by immunohistochemistry (IHC). A tissue microarray (n = 21 hysterectomy cases) was used for the investigation of large uterine fibroids and normal myometrium. An investigation of small fibroids (≤ 5mm) used a separate group of samples (n = 7 hysterectomy cases, total ofn = 17 fibroids). A panel of cell phenotypic markers was selected based on our previousin situinvestigations and included aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1A1) and vimentin for different fibroblast sub-populations, smooth muscle actin (SMA) as a marker for SMCs, CD31 for endothelial cells and CD45 for leucocytes. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was also studied to identify proliferating cells. The cellular composition of small fibroids differs significantly from large fibroids. Small fibroids are more cellular (increased cells/mm2) than large fibroids, have more blood vessels and also have a higher ratio of SMC to fibroblasts than large fibroids. Large fibroids have more cell proliferation (measured by PCNA) and fewer leucocytes (measured by CD45) than adjacent myometrium, whereas small fibroids are less proliferative and have similar number of leucocytes to myometrium. Different cellular composition between fibroids of different sizes may provide important clues as to the mechanisms that drive fibroid growth.

scholarly journals Proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) as a marker of proliferating cells in salivary gland tumors.

1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikuko Ogawa ◽  
Takashi Takata ◽  
Mutsumi Miyauchi ◽  
Hiroshi Ito ◽  
Naokuni Ijuhin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Salivary Gland Tumors ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Proliferating Cell

Proliferating cells in the vertebrate small intestine: an immunohistocheniical study

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 1034-1035
Author(s):  
Làszló G. Kömüves
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Ambystoma Mexicanum ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Cell Renewal ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Citrate Buffer ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Proliferating Cell

In the small intestinal mucosa of healthy adult mammals proliferating cell are confined to the crypts of Lieberkiihn. Earlier radioautographic studies identified proliferative cells in the small intestine of several non-mammalian vertebrates. However, it is still not clear whether cell renewal is confined to proliferative compartment within the small intestinal mucosa in non-mammalian vertebrates. In the present study proliferative cells were identified using an immunological marker of cell proliferation, the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the small intestine of several non-mammalian vertebrate species, including birds (zebrafinch, Poephila guttata), reptiles (green anole, Anolis carolinensis), amphibia (axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum), and fishes (goldfish, Carassius auratus).Segments of the small intestine were fixed in 4% formaldehyde in 0.86 M phosphate buffer, pH=7.2 and embedded in paraffin. Deparaffinized and rehydrated sections were microwaved in citrate buffer. The immunohistochemical detection method used in this study based on the capillary action principle, as developed by Brigati.

Promoter activity of the proliferating-cell nuclear antigen gene is associated with inducible CRE-binding proteins in interleukin 2-stimulated T lymphocytes

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 4233-4243
Author(s):  
D Huang ◽  
P M Shipman-Appasamy ◽  
D J Orten ◽  
S H Hinrichs ◽  
M B Prystowsky
Keyword(s):  
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Promoter Activity ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Promoter Strength ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Mobility Shift ◽  
Proliferating Cell

The proliferating-cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) gene encodes an auxiliary factor of DNA polymerase delta and functions in DNA replication during S phase. It is expressed at much higher levels in proliferating cells than in quiescent cells. We have studied the regulatory role of the 5'-flanking sequence of the murine PCNA gene in interleukin 2 (IL-2)-responsive cloned T cells (L2). Analysis of a set of deletion constructs in transient transfection assays measuring heterologous reporter gene (luciferase) activity demonstrated that the 182-bp 5'-flanking region provides full promoter activity in IL-2-stimulated L2 cells. While many elements contribute to PCNA promoter strength in IL-2-stimulated cells, the largest decrease in activity occurred with deletion of the tandem CRE (cyclic AMP response element) binding sites located at nucleotides -37 to -52. With a gel mobility shift assay, several IL-2-inducible DNA-protein complexes were detected, including CREB (CRE-binding) and ATF1 (activating transcription factor) proteins that are specific for the PCNA-CRE sequence. Methylation interference analysis confirmed specific binding of these proteins to the CRE sites. Mutation at the PCNA-CRE motif abolishes IL-2-inducible binding and reduces substantially PCNA promoter activity. These results indicate that IL-2-stimulated PCNA transcription may be partially mediated by these CRE-binding proteins.

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