Recognition of Psychiatric Disorders From Voice Quality

1978 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Chevrie-Muller ◽  
N. Seguier ◽  
A. Spira ◽  
M. Dordain
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Speech Rate ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Motor Behaviour ◽  
Psychiatric Symptomatology ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The Subject

Through the rating of certain predetermined items with a group of 74 psychiatric patients with varying diagnoses and a group of 46 schizophrenic patients, the following areas were studied: (1) psychiatric symptomatology, (2) voice characteristics determined when listening to a record interview, (3) the personality of the patient perceived by the listener using the same recording. The relationships between the items in the three areas were tested by chisquare analysis. Significant relationships were established. The vocal characteristics speech rate and melody are linked to the perceived degree of extroversion and dynamism of the subject listened to. Some psychiatric symptoms (impaired motor behaviour, withdrawal syndrome, anxiety, thinking disturbance) are related to certain voice characteristics. Some symptoms of schizophrenia and manic-depressive psychosis are related to personality traits perceived by the listener (passive, unemotional, uncommunicative, depressed ....).

scholarly journals Assessing Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Pathways via 123I-FP-CIT SPECT in Dementia With Lewy Bodies in a Psychiatric Patient Cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Hansen ◽  
Claudia Lange ◽  
Charles Timäus ◽  
Jens Wiltfang ◽  
Caroline Bouter
Keyword(s):  
Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Psychiatric Symptomatology ◽  
Memory Clinics

Background(123)-I-2-ß-carbomethoxy-3ß-(4-iodophenyl)-N-(3-fluoropropyl) nortro- pane single photon emission computed tomography (123I-FP-CIT SPECT) was validated to distinguish Alzheimer’s dementia from dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) by European medical agencies. Little evidence exists that validates 123 I-FP-CIT SPECT as a supplementary method to diagnose probable DLB in a psychiatric cohort of patients with psychiatric symptomatology and suspected DLB. We aim to elucidate differences in the clinical phenotype of DLB between those patients with and those without a positive 123 I-FP-CIT SPECT indicating a nigrostriatal deficit.MethodsTo investigate this, we included 67 patients from the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy at University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG) in our study who had undergone 123I-FP-CIT SPECT in the Department of Nuclear Medicine (UMG) by evaluating their patient files.Results55% with a positive-123I-FP-CIT SPECT and probable DLB after the 123I-FP-CIT SPECT exhibited psychiatric features. The number of probable DLB patients in those exhibiting psychiatric symptoms was higher post-123I-FP-CIT SPECT than pre-123I-FP-CIT SPECT assessed cross-sectionally over a 6-year period (p < 0.05). In addition, prodromal DLB and prodromal DLB patients with a psychiatric-phenotype yielded higher numbers post-123I-FP-CIT SPECT than pre-123I-FP-CIT SPECT (p < 0.05). Furthermore, we discovered no phenotypical differences between those DLB patients with a positive and those with a negative 123I-FP-CIT SPECT. 123I-FP-CIT SPECT-positive DLB patients in our psychiatric cohort revealed a psychiatric onset more often (52%); DLB was less often characterized by an MCI onset (26%) (p < 0.005).ConclusionsOur findings support 123I-FP-CIT SPECT as an adjuvant tool for improving the diagnosis of probable DLB and prodromal DLB in a cohort of psychiatric patients with often concomitant psychiatric symptomatology. The psychiatric-onset is more frequent than an MCI-onset in DLB patients presenting nigrostriatal dysfunction, giving us an indication of the relevance of deep clinical phenotyping in memory clinics that includes the assessment of psychopathology.

Voice pitch measurements in schizophrenia and depression

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 849-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Leff ◽  
Evelyn Abberton
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Voice Pitch ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Expression Of Emotion ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Severe Degree

SynopsisA monotonous voice is produced by schizophrenic patients whose expression of emotion is damped down and by patients with a severe degree of depression. Clinically, the distinction between these two diagnostic entities is virtually impossible to establish auditorily on the basis of voice quality alone. The laryngograph has been developed recently to record laryngeal activity. It was used to study voice pitch in a series of emotionally blunted and non-blunted schizophrenics, and retarded and non-retarded depressives. The frequency distributions of the laryngographic recordings were analysed to yield kurtosis scores. The group of retarded depressives had a significantly higher kurtosis score than the group of blunted schizophrenics. Hence this technique allows an objective distinction to be made between two kinds of monotonous voice produced by psychiatric patients. Furthermore, blunted schizophrenics had a higher mean kurtosis score than non-blunted schizophrenics, indicating that this measure can also be used as an objective index of blunting of affect in schizophrenia.

Le rôle des facteurs subjectifs dans la fidélité à la médication*

1989 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 662-667
Author(s):  
Céline Mercier
Keyword(s):  
Psychotropic Drugs ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Negative Factors ◽  
Chronic Psychiatric Patients

In 1974, Van Putten was wondering “Why schizophrenic patients refuse to take their medication?” Twenty years later, the entire October 1986 issue of Psychiatric Annals deals with the subject of compliance in the case of maintenance psychotropic drugs. This paper aims to relate the empirical observations made during 152 interviews with chronic psychiatric patients to the broader considerations reported in specialized literature on compliance in the case of psychotropic drugs and of lithium. These two types of data make it possible to explain how the “perceived” advantages and disadvantages of medication go beyond the positive and negative factors objectively recognized and how they intervene in the decision to continue, modify freely or give up the treatment. In conclusion, the author reports studies on the effectiveness of various strategies proposed for increasing compliance.

scholarly journals Стилистическая вариативность просодических 
характеристик языковой личности

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
Anna V. Dunashova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Rate ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pitch Range ◽  
Prosodic Feature ◽  
Variation Range ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
The Subject

This paper aims to study phonostylistic variation of prosodic characteristics of a linguistic persona. The new aspect brought to the field is the focus not only on pitch and speech rate but also on voice quality prosodic aspects of a linguistic persona. The subject was a world-famous British linguist David Crystal whose recordings of lecture and interview were used as the material for this study. The data suggest wide variability of practically every prosodic feature. Among them, pitch minimum, pitch range, loudness median and shimmer values proved to be most constant features of the linguistic persona. The other prosodic values underwent changes due to the shift from the modal voice in the interview to a more arduous voice in the lecture thus reflecting different pragmatics goals of commuication. Prosodic variation range of the linguistic persona in question turned out wider than the average one.

Intérêt de l'information médicale au patient institutionnalisé

1989 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 405-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.C. Peretti ◽  
M.A. Wolf ◽  
Y. Garneau
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Psychiatric Symptomatology ◽  
Learning Capacity ◽  
Adequate Information ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Initial Knowledge

Medical information given to patients, notably to psychiatric patients, is guided by laws. Before starting any treatment the patient's informed consent is needed. One of the criteria of validity for such a consent is adequate information of the subject. This study shows that certain factors interfere with the institutionalized patient's initial knowledge about medication, hospitalization and illness. It points out that learning is diminished by two factors: the diagnostic of schizophrenia and the length of stay in the hospital. However learning is not changed by severity of symptoms. On the other hand the initial knowledge level is diagnosis independent but altered in case of intense psychiatric symptomatology. Possible explanations of these data are discussed. In conclusion, the importance of the variable of learning capacity is shown in the practice of the informed consent for psychiatric patients. The learning capacity must be taken into account when the patient is informed. Finally, additional research on that subject is indicated particularly concerning the persons disabled by schizophrenia.

Vocal Cues as Indices of Schizophrenia

1980 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen H. Todt ◽  
Robert J. Howell
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Vocal Behavior ◽  
Vocal Cues ◽  
Factor Analytic ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Factor Analytic Technique

The hypothesis that schizophrenic patients can be differentiated from non-schizo-phrenic patients was tested. In addition, the impressions about personality characteristics conveyed by voice quality were explored. Ten schizophrenics and ten non-schizophrenic patients, all from a State hospital, were recorded individually as they read the same passage. Five judges listened to randomized recordings and completed a questionnaire on each speaker to indicate whether the subject was schizophrenic, to rate the degree of the subject's psychopathology, to rate vocal behavior with a Voice Characteristics Scale made up of six adjectives, and to rate vocal indices of personality disorder with a Voice Psychopathology Scale made up of 26 adjectives describing pathological personality characteristics. The schizophrenics were distinguished from non-schizophrenics on the basis of voice quality. The schizophrenic patients were seen as more inefficient, despondent, and moody. Information conveyed by speakers' voices was explored by a factor analytic technique. Four factors, general disintegration, dysphoria, social distance, and agitation, were identified.

Psychophysiological Investigations in Experimental Psychoses: Results of the Exhibition of D-Lysergic Acid Diethylamide to Psychiatric Patients

1954 ◽  
Vol 100 (418) ◽  
pp. 129-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Sloane ◽  
John W. Lovett Doust
Keyword(s):  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Lysergic Acid ◽  
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Visual Hallucinations ◽  
Mood Changes ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The Subject

D-Lysergic acid diethylamide (L.S.D.-25) was first prepared by Stoll and Hoffmann in 1938 (35) as a derivative of rye ergot. Its profound effects in minute doses were discovered accidentally by Hoffmann and reported by Stoll (34) along with additional observations by the latter on 16 healthy controls and six schizophrenic patients. With a dose of 30–130 γ (0.03–0.13 mgm.) Stoll (34) noted motor inco-ordination, disturbances of visual perception with illusions and hallucinations, clouding of consciousness, and affective changes principally in the direction of euphoria and distractibility. Subsequent clinical reports have confirmed these findings (6, 38). Becker (1) using doses of 30–40 γ in healthy controls attempted to predict the quality of the resulting psychosis from the constitutional somatotype of the subject; he contrasted maniacal hyperkinetic states with those showing inhibition and depersonalization and drew attention to the pattern of the visual perceptual disturbances, which were principally those of differences in size, clarity and perspective. Becker's attempts at somatotypological correlation were less successful than those of Condreau (4) who used mentally ill patients as well as healthy subjects and found that L.S.D.-25 did tend to reinforce pre-existing personality characteristics, especially with regard to mood changes. Rinkel and others (30, 7) with doses of 20–90 γ in mixed healthy and psychiatrically disturbed populations stressed the scotopic nature of the hallucinations and the greater frequency of illusions of rippling or wavy lines evolving at times into geometrical designs. Affective blunting with a lack of spontaneity was commoner than the production of major delusions. In epilepsy apparently visual hallucinations are more frequently concomitants of L.S.D.-25 administration than in other mental disorders (31).

scholarly journals Employee Compensation Strategy as Sustainable Competitive Advantage for HR Education Practitioners

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1049
Author(s):  
Eungoo Kang ◽  
Hyoyoung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Pay For Performance ◽  
Sustainable Competitive Advantage ◽  
Alternative Compensation ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Compensation Program ◽  
Employee Competencies ◽  
American Employees

By building on compensation literature, the current study explored and identified the ties between workers’ competencies, corporate cultures, and compensation schemes. These schemes were typically the subject of literature on the factors dealing with the implementation of incentive systems for pay for performance (PFP) or problems that can lead to a PFP system’s failure. Unfortunately, when it comes to research that HR education practitioners may do, the literature has been scarce. It shows which organizational elements might be necessary to examine when deciding whether a PFP or an alternative compensation program is acceptable. This study aimed to add insight into this gap in research. The findings of this study showed from the use of data from 385 American employees in the manufacturing industry that there are significant relationships statistically between employee competencies and organizational cultures and those findings can be corroborated with existing researches, suggesting compensation schemes were related to multiple types of competence organizations and different organization cultures, thus adding meaningfully to the current literature.

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