The effect of distraction on focal attention in paranoid and non-paranoid schizophrenic patients compared to normals and non-psychotic psychiatric patients

1982 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjørn Rishovd Rund
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Focal Attention ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Paranoid Schizophrenic

Treatment of tardive dyskinesia

1978 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 55-56
Keyword(s):  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Neuroleptic Drugs ◽  
Abnormal Movements ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
The Face ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Neuroleptic drugs cause many forms of extra-pyramidal syndromes. One of these, tardive dyskinesia,1 occurs only after the patient has been taking the drug for some time (‘tardive’ refers to the late onset). The movements are involuntary and repetitive usually involving the face and tongue, but they may also affect the limbs and trunk. Tongue protrusion, licking and smacking of the lips, sucking and chewing movements, grimacing, grunting, blinking and furrowing of the forehead have all been described and attributed to long-continued medication with neuroleptic drugs of the phenothiazine, butyrophenone and thioxanthene groups. The patient can inhibit the movements, but anxiety makes them worse. Many of these symptoms were noticed in schizophrenic patients before neuroleptic drugs were introduced2 and they can occur in otherwise normal untreated elderly people. Nevertheless it is generally accepted that in most cases tardive dyskinesia is an unwanted effect of neuroleptic medication. Despite suggestions to the contrary, the abnormal movements are not necessarily associated with high dosage of neuroleptic drugs or with pre-existing brain damage.3 4 Tardive dyskinesia has been reported in 3–6% of a mixed population of psychiatric patients5 and over half of a group of chronic schizophrenics on long-term treatment.4 The more careful the neurological examination, the greater the apparent incidence.

Cognitive Functioning in Acute and Remitted Psychiatric Patients

1967 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Goldstein ◽  
Leonard F. Salzman
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Clinical Remission ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Discharge Home ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Tests of vocabulary and abstraction administered to groups of schizophrenic and non-schizophrenic patients at time of hospital admission and at time of clinical remission and discharge home revealed some evidence of general cognitive impairment in both groups, with significant improvement by time of discharge, as well as evidence of continuing specific conceptual impairment among schizophrenics.

Experimental Studies of the Mental Speed of Schizophrenics

1958 ◽  
Vol 104 (437) ◽  
pp. 1123-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Broadhurst
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Thought Processes ◽  
Mental Functioning ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Experimental Control ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

It has been clinically observed that psychiatric patients in general (6, 11) and schizophrenic patients in particular (1, 4) show abnormalities of mental speed, being “retarded” or slower than normals on many measures. Confirmatory evidence on this point is to be found but much of the early work on speed of schizophrenic reactivity used measures of speed of motor performance (12, 13) or of reaction time under various conditions (6), ignoring more fundamental slowness of thought processes. The present studies are concentrated on the recent finding that schizophrenics show abnormally slow mental speed measured in a problem-solving situation (4, 18, 19). The aim of the investigation was to discover the exact conditions under which this abnormality appears, and, thence, by manipulating the experimental conditions, to be able to bring speed of mental functioning under experimental control. This paper describes the attempt to bring speed under control by means of drugs. A second paper (2) deals with the effect of practice upon mental speed.

Schizophrenic and Manic Brains in Nigerians Computerised Tomography Findings

1995 ◽  
Vol 166 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jude U. Ohaeri ◽  
Abiodun O. Adeyinka ◽  
Solomon N. Enyidah ◽  
Benjamin O. Osuntokun
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Computerised Tomography ◽  
Brain Abnormality ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Brain Ventricle

BackgroundWe highlight the profile of brain computerised tomography (CT) measures among Nigerian psychiatric patients for comparison with findings from developed countries, and study of the relationship between CT values and clinical variables.MethodSeven brain ventricle measures of 50 schizophrenic patients, 14 manic patients, and 41 healthy control subjects were compared.ResultsPatients had a significantly higher mean Sylvian fissure area. The third ventricle of schizophrenic patients was significantly larger than those of control subjects. CT measures were not significantly correlated with duration of illness.ConclusionThe so-called functional psychotic states are most probably associated with nonspecific brain abnormality.

The Role of Human Rights and Personal Dignity in the Rehabilitation of Chronic Psychiatric Patients

1994 ◽  
Vol 165 (S24) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongxi Jin ◽  
Guishu Li
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Rehabilitation ◽  
Personal Dignity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Status ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Core Issues ◽  
Chronic Psychiatric Patients

In 1983 the branch hospital of the Yanbian Community Psychiatric Hospital, a rural residential centre for 120 chronic psychiatric patients who have no means of financial support, adopted a new treatment philosophy that emphasised psychosocial rehabilitation and made the protection of patients' human rights and respect for their personal dignity the central organising principles for the hospital's treatment programme. From being a boarding facility for chronic psychiatric patients, the hospital became a thriving community. Comparison of the status of the 81 continuously resident schizophrenic patients before and after the policy change showed that (a) the proportion who actively participated in agricultural labour increased from 10% in 1982 to 38% in 1990; (b) the proportion who worked at non-agricultural jobs increased from 7% in 1982 to 22% in 1990; and (c) their mean yearly income increased from 1.67 Rmb in 1982 to 246.70 Rmb in 1990. Moreover, the number of successful suicides among all the patients in the hospital dropped from 13 in 1975–1982 to 1 in 1983–1990. We conclude that the success of psychiatric rehabilitation programmes depends on the extent to which they address the core issues of personal dignity and basic human rights.

scholarly journals Prevalence of cigarette smoking in schizophrenic patients compared to other hospital admitted psychiatric patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1417-1417
Author(s):  
A. Kheradmand ◽  
H. Ziaaddini ◽  
M. Vahabi
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The Difference

Introduction & aimsEstimate the prevalence of cigarette smoking and some of the related factors among schizophrenic and other hospitalized psychiatric patients.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study on 120 patients hospitalized in Shahid Beheshti hospital in Kerman in 2005. Patients were equally devided in two groups of schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. Sampling was based on statistical census and data were collected using a questionnaire including 27 questions on demographic data, psychiatric disorder, smoking cigarettes and other substances, and Fagerstrom test. Data were analyzed by Chi-square and ANOVA tests using SPSS software.ResultsPrevalence and severity of cigarette smoking was 71.6% and 6.47% among schizophrenic and 51.6% and 6.40% among other psychiatric patients, respectively and the difference was not significant. History of withdrawal was 25.6% and 58.1% in the schizophrenia and other disorders respectively and the difference was significant (P < 0.05). Addiction to other substances was 51.6% in schizophrenic and 45% in the other patients and the most prevalent substances in both groups were opium and alcohol. The severity of smoking cigarettes was 6.9 along with other drug abuses and 5.1 in cases with just smoking based on Fagerstrom test and the difference was significant (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe prevalence of cigarette smoking in both schizophrenia and other psychiatric patients is higher than normal population, but there is no significant difference between these two groups. Schizophrenic patients need persistent supportive and supervising programs for cigarette smoking abuse treatment because of their cognitive, motivate and social problems.

Inter-Rater Reliability of Informants' Ratings: Katz Adjustment Scales, R Form

1980 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Crook ◽  
Gerard E. Hogarty ◽  
Richard F. Ulrich
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Young Adult Male ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

The Katz Adjustment Scales (R Form) is a widely used instrument for assessing the adjustment of psychiatric patients in the community from reports of friends or family members. Inter-rater reliability of the scales was examined by comparing maternal and paternal ratings of 15 young, adult, male schizophrenic patients prior to hospitalization. Ratings by the two parents were found in close agreement on scales measuring the principal domains of behavior and others on which ratings of directly observable behaviors are required. However, agreement between parents was substantially less on scales requiring inferences about the patients' adjustment. Implications of the findings are discussed.

Caffeine: use and Effects in Long-Stay Psychiatric Patients

1993 ◽  
Vol 162 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Mayo ◽  
W. Falkowski ◽  
C. A. H. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Study ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Blind Crossover Study ◽  
Double Blind Crossover Study

In a double-blind crossover study of 26 long-stay schizophrenic patients, no correlation was found between caffeine consumption and levels of anxiety and depression. No significant changes in patients' behaviour or levels of anxiety and depression occurred when the wards changed to decaffeinated products. Serum caffeine levels confirmed compliance. No evidence was found to support a removal of caffeinated products from this group of patients.

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