The Economic Situation : Annual Review

1964 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 4-12 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
The Individual

This chapter brings together a brief review of the economy in 1963 and a revised forecast of the trend of demand over the next eighteen months; it then looks in particular at the implications for the labour supply and the balance of payments; and finally it draws some conclusions about economic policy. The detailed justification of the individual forecasts is given in Chapter II.

The Economic Situation: Annual Review: Chapter I. The British Economy in 1969

1970 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 4-21
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
British Economy

This chapter begins with a narrative and review of economic policy in 1969; succeeding sections deal with output and the composition of demand; the balance of payments; and the regions.

The Economic Situation : Annual Review

1961 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 4-28
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Export Trade ◽  
British Economy ◽  
British Industry ◽  
The World

Chapter 1 gives a brief summary of trends in Britain in 1960, and surveys the state of British industry at the end of the year. Chapter 2 looks at world developments and prospects—in particular at the world payments difficulties developing in 1960. In the light of these trends, Chapter 3 considers Britain's export trade and her balance of payments. Chapter 4 then gives a forecast for the British economy during 1961. Chapter 5 examines the world problem of reserves and trade and, finally, considers the problems of current economic policy.

The Economic Situation: Annual Review : Chapter I. the British Economy in 1970

1971 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 4-21
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
British Economy ◽  
Wage Inflation

Although there was no balance of payments problem of the familiar kind in 1970, the year proved conspicuously unsuccessful in other respects. So far from leading on to a period of well-sustained economic growth, declining unemployment, and steadying prices, the hard-won struggle to ‘make devaluation work’ instead brought in its wake a period of accelerating price rises, a wage inflation of virtually unparalleled intensity, and a declining pressure of demand. This combination of ‘nominal’ inflation and ‘real’ stagnation was aptly named ‘stagflation’.

The Economic Situation: Annual Review

1972 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 4-21
Keyword(s):  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Domestic Policy ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Domestic Economy ◽  
Domestic Output ◽  
Policy Problems

The chief domestic policy problems of 1971 were the same as those of the previous year: inflation and unemployment. The comfortable balance of payments surplus realised in the previous year was substantially improved, thanks partly to the sluggish condition of domestic output and demand; and the dollar crisis signalled by President Nixon's measures of 15 August, though provoking some awkward problems for monetary management in the interim before the new settlement, seems to have had little immediate impact on the domestic economy.

The Quality of Kazakhstan’s Economic Policy and Balance of Payments

2008 ◽  
pp. 120-132
Author(s):  
K. Arystanbekov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Negative Balance ◽  
Macroeconomic Efficiency

Kazakhstan’s economic policy in 1996-2007, its character and the degree of responsibility, the correlation between economic development and balance of current accounts are considered in the article. Special attention is paid to the analysis of their macroeconomic efficiency. It is concluded that in conditions of high rates of economic growth in Kazahkstan in 2000-2007 the net profits of foreign investors are 10-11% of GDP every year. The tendency of negative balance of current accounts in favor of foreign investors is also analyzed.

Mercantilism Revisited

1980 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 773-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Extreme Case ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
The Status

The intention of this paper is to look at some of the problems which arise in attempts to provide ‘explanations’ of mercantilism and especially its English manifestations. By ‘explanations’ I mean the efforts which some writers have made causally to relate the historical appearance of sets of economic notions or general recommendations on economic policy or even acts of economic policy by the state to particular long-term phenomena of, or trends in, economic history. Historians of economic thought have not generally made such attempts. With a few exceptions they have normally concerned themselves with tracing and analysing the contributions to economic theory made by those labelled as mercantilists. The most extreme case of non-explanation is provided by Eli Heckscher's reiterated contention in his two massive volumes that mercantilism was not to be explained by reference to the economic circumstances of the time; mercantilist policy was not to be seen as ‘the outcome of the economic situation’; mercantilist writers did not construct their system ‘out of any knowledge of reality however derived’. So strongly held an antideterminist fortress, however congenial a haven for some historians of ideas, has given no comfort to other historians – economic or political, Marxist or non-Marxist – who obstinately exhibit empiricist tendencies. Some forays against the fortress have been made. Barry Supple's analysis of English commerce in the early seventeenth century and the resulting presentation of mercantilist thought and policy as ‘the economics of depression’ has passed into the textbooks and achieved the status of an orthodoxy.

Cultivating Resilience During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Socioecological Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Zhang ◽  
Shujuan Yang ◽  
Peng Jia
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness ◽  
Predicting Factors ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Interdisciplinary Framework ◽  
The Individual

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic poses wide-ranging impacts on the physical and mental health of people around the world, increasing attention from both researchers and practitioners on the topic of resilience. In this article, we review previous research on resilience from the past several decades, focusing on how to cultivate resilience during emerging situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic at the individual, organizational, community, and national levels from a socioecological perspective. Although previous research has greatly enriched our understanding of the conceptualization, predicting factors, processes, and consequences of resilience from a variety of disciplines and levels, future research is needed to gain a deeper and comprehensive understanding of resilience, including developing an integrative and interdisciplinary framework for cultivating resilience, developing an understanding of resilience from a life span perspective, and developing scalable and cost-effective interventions for enhancing resilience and improving pandemic preparedness. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Psychology, Volume 73 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

Long-Term Growth and Short-Term Policy

1964 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 26-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. H. Godley ◽  
J. R. Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Wage ◽  
Short Term ◽  
High Unemployment ◽  
The Government ◽  
Wage Increases

One of the main aims of short-term economic policy in Britain has been to regulate the pressure of demand for labour, and to keep the fluctuations of the unemployment percentage within fairly narrow limits. High unemployment is obviously undesirable; at the other end of the scale, if the pressure of demand for labour is too strong, this tends to lead to excessively high wage increases and to balance of payments difficulties. It is for the Government to decide at what pressure it wishes to run the economy, and to try to keep it there.

Summary and Appraisal

1989 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 3-6
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Export Growth ◽  
Consumer Spending ◽  
Fixed Investment ◽  
Difficult Time ◽  
World Markets

The new Chancellor, John Major, has taken office at a difficult time for the conduct of economic policy. The boom of the late 1980s has spent its force, but as yet there is no sign of the improvement in the balance of payments, or the reduction in inflation one might expect as a consequence.In our main forecasts we show output growth in 1990 of just over 1½ per cent, less than 1 per cent excluding North Sea oil production. Consumer spending, which gave the main impetus to the early stages of the boom, will hardly rise next year and stock building is expected to turn negative. Fixed investment is unlikely to contribute much to the growth of demand year-on-year. The fall in the exchange rate during this year will help to sustain export growth next year, although world markets will not be as buoyant as they have been in 1989.

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