scholarly journals Collapse of Lower Lobe with Bronchial Dilatation: Apparent Resolution

1936 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Newns ◽  
Donald Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Bronchial Dilatation

BRONCHIECTASIS IN CHILDHOOD

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1949 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-46
Author(s):  
C. ELAINE FIELD
Keyword(s):  
Main Bronchus ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Parental History ◽  
Abnormal Chest ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Chest Deformities ◽  
Bronchial Dilatation ◽  
First Year Of Life

In a study of 160 cases of irreversible bronchiectasis in childhood the following observations have been made: From the history given by the parents, it was found that the age at onset of symptoms lay in the first year of life in approximately one fifth of the cases, the number thereafter declining with advancing age (except for a slight and possibly insignificant rise at age 5). In 55.6% of cases the parental history associated the onset of symptoms with an attack of pneumonia or pertussis. The characteristic features of the disease included a constant cough with or without sputum (this is often swallowed by children). Haemoptysis was rare, but in 33.1% of cases there were associated asthmatic symptoms. More children were underweight than overweight for age and many had abnormal chest deformities. Clubbing occurred in 43.7% and when present was diagnostic of irreversible bronchiectasis in this series. Physical signs in the chest were variable, but the most useful diagnostic finding was localized rales on deep inspiration over the suspected area of lung. In comparison with nonpulmonary and normal children, there was a marked increased incidence of pneumonia at all ages. There was, however, no suggestion that bronchiectasis increased or decreased susceptibility to tuberculosis. Sinusitis is frequently associated with bronchiectasis although its exact relationship remains obscure. In diagnosis, roentgenographic findings are frequently inconclusive, unless confirmed by bronchogram. Bronchography is by far the most important diagnostic procedure and is an invaluable method of studying the development of the disease. Tubular dilatation was the commonest type of bronchiectasis. In 85.6% of cases the disease was situated in the left lower lobe, and in 65.6%, in the lingula lobe, but in no case was the lingula affected as the only lobe. The disease has shown a predilection for lobes whose bronchi are directed upwards against gravity towards the main bronchus and those which have an anatomic peculiarity impeding drainage. Massive collapse of the lung was associated with bronchiectasis in 74 (46.3%) cases. It is important to recognize in children that bronchial dilatation may be reversible. In the diagnosis of irreversibility, duration of the dilatation and its contour are helpful. Bronchoscopy was not helpful in diagnosis or localization of bronchiectasis. The sedimentation rate was frequently raised, but was of little help in assessing activity of the disease. Alterations in the blood count were few and usually only of significance in severe active cases of the disease. Complications were infrequent, the commonest being pneumonia which occurred in 16.3% of cases.

scholarly journals Vascular Ring as a Rare Cause of Bronchiectasis in an Adolescent Patient

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuba Tuncel ◽  
Özlem Sancaklı ◽  
Ulas Karadas ◽  
Mehmet Bozkurt ◽  
Baran Uğurlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Vascular Ring ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Structural Disorder ◽  
Feeding Difficulties ◽  
Lung Infections ◽  
Bronchial Dilatation ◽  
The Right

Vascular rings are congenital anomalies of the aortic arch that can cause compression of the trachea and/or esophagus. The compression of the trachea can cause stridor, recurrent respiratory infections, chronic cough/ wheezing, the compression of the esophagus can cause dysphagia, feeding difficulties and/or vomiting. Bronchiectasis is a structural disorder that progresses with bronchial dilatation and distortion and causes chronic lung disease. While the most common causes of bronchiectasis are cystic fibrosis and lung infections, congenital anomalies are rare. A 17-year-old girl admitted with a complaint of persistent cough with sputum. It was learned that the patient had recurrent lung infections since infancy. Computed tomography of thorax revealed that bronchiectasis is at upper and middle lobes of the right lung and lower lobe of the left lung and the aberrant subclavian artery the right in the posterior of the esophagus and the trachea. The diagnostic investigations, which for the other causes of bronchiectasis, were normal and, she was operated for a vascular ring. The patient is presented as interesting because it has a congenital anomaly, which is a rare cause of bronchiectasis and is diagnosed in the adolescent period.

BRONCHIECTASIS IN CHILDHOOD

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1949 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-248
Author(s):  
C. ELAINE FIELD
Keyword(s):  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Middle Lobe ◽  
Childhood Illnesses ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Postural Drainage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Right Middle Lobe ◽  
Bronchial Dilatation ◽  
The Right

Non-aeration of alveoli is a feature common to the childhood illnesses predisposing to bronchiectasis and is regarded as the important factor in the aetiology of the disease, infection playing a subsidiary part. Pulmonary collapse is therefore regarded as a prebronchiectatic state and in order to assess its importance two groups of cases have been studied: (1) 272 cases of pulmonary collapse; (2) 99 cases in which the diagnosis of bronchiectasis was doubtful at first examination. Pulmonary collapse was seen most frequently in the right middle lobe and left lower lobe. It was usually persistent in the left upper lobe but frequently the right lower lobe reexpanded. The duration of cough, according to the history, was commonly of three months' duration ion or less in cases of pulmonary collapse that reexpanded, in contrast to the long history of two years or more in the majority of cases that developed bronchiectasis. Of the 272 cases of pulmonary collapse, only 157 reexpanded without permanent bronchiectatic changes. It was not uncommon, however, to find temporary bronchial dilatation in this group, the bronchi returning to normal calibre when the collapse reexpanded—a condition described as reversible bronchiectasis. The treatment recommended for pulmonary collapse includes steam inhalations, postural drainage, and breathing exercises. Unless foreign body is suspected, immediate bronchoscopy is no longer considered necessary. No significant difference in the incidence of reexpansion of the lung was found between the cases treated with bronchoscopy and those treated without. Ninety-nine cases were classified as doubtful bronchiectasis when first seen. Of these, 47.5% suffered from asthma, a disease frequently difficult to differentiate from bornchiectasis. Forty of the 99 cases have now developed true irreversible bronchiectasis after a period of three or more years. It was necessary to observe cases showing doubtful bronchial dilatation over a period of years, the bronchograms being repeated at intervals in order to determine the permanently diseased parts.

Bilateral lower lobe lung transplantation - an alternative technique for small patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Sill ◽  
Y Yildirim ◽  
O Deutsch ◽  
M Oldigs ◽  
C Oelschner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Transplantation ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Alternative Technique

scholarly journals Pneumonectomy is necessary following delayed detection of pulmonary artery compromise

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-155
Author(s):  
Ambria S Moten ◽  
Abbas E Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Blood Supply ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Collateral Circulation ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Left Lower Lobe ◽  
Completion Pneumonectomy

Abstract It has been previously suggested that lung tissue remains viable without blood supply from the pulmonary artery (PA). However, our experience demonstrates otherwise. We present 2 cases of accidental left lower lobe PA occlusion during upper lobectomy causing ischaemic changes to the remaining lung tissue. Both patients became septic secondary to necrosis of infarcted lung and required completion pneumonectomy. Development of collateral circulation to bypass the occluded PA may occur but is often insufficient to support the affected lung tissue. Unless the patient is medically unfit, resection of the ischaemic lung should be undertaken.

scholarly journals En bloc transdiaphragmatic lung resection for locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kit-fai Lee ◽  
Randolph H L Wong ◽  
Howard H W Leung ◽  
Eugene Y J Lo ◽  
Charing C N Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Uneventful Recovery ◽  
Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Right Hepatectomy ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Liver Recurrence ◽  
Lung Base

Abstract A 56-year-old man presented with an 11-cm hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at segment 7 of liver. To induce left liver hypertrophy, a sequential transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and portal vein embolization before right hepatectomy were adopted. However, the tumor further increased in size despite TACE and invaded through the diaphragm to the right lung base. Anterior approach right hepatectomy with en bloc wedge resection of the involved right lower lobe of lung by endovascular staplers via transdiaphragmatic approach was performed. The diaphragmatic defect was closed with Goretex mesh. Patient made an uneventful recovery. Pathology confirmed a 12.5 cm poorly differentiated HCC invading through diaphragm to lung. During follow-up, patient developed a 6 cm recurrence at left lung base 17 months after surgery for which he received sorafenib therapy. However, the lung mass further increased in size with new liver recurrence at segment 3 despite treatment. He succumbed 2 years and 3 months after surgery.

scholarly journals INDIVIDUAL LIGATION TECHNIQUE FOR LOWER LOBE LOBECTOMY

1940 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Blades ◽  
Edward M. Kent
Keyword(s):  
Lower Lobe

scholarly journals The Impact of Ambient Atmospheric Mineral-Dust Particles on the Calcification of Lungs

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Mariola Jabłońska ◽  
Janusz Janeczek ◽  
Beata Smieja-Król
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Dust ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Masking Effect ◽  
Amorphous Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Calcium Salts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

For the first time, it is shown that inhaled ambient air-dust particles settled in the human lower respiratory tract induce lung calcification. Chemical and mineral compositions of pulmonary calcium precipitates in the lung right lower-lobe (RLL) tissues of 12 individuals who lived in the Upper Silesia conurbation in Poland and who had died from causes not related to a lung disorder were determined by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Whereas calcium salts in lungs are usually reported as phosphates, calcium salts precipitated in the studied RLL tissue were almost exclusively carbonates, specifically Mg-calcite and calcite. These constituted 37% of the 1652 mineral particles examined. Mg-calcite predominated in the submicrometer size range, with a MgCO3 content up to 50 mol %. Magnesium plays a significant role in lung mineralization, a fact so far overlooked. The calcium phosphate (hydroxyapatite) content in the studied RLL tissue was negligible. The predominance of carbonates is explained by the increased CO2 fugacity in the RLL. Carbonates enveloped inhaled mineral-dust particles, including uranium-bearing oxides, quartz, aluminosilicates, and metal sulfides. Three possible pathways for the carbonates precipitation on the dust particles are postulated: (1) precipitation of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC), followed by its transformation to calcite; (2) precipitation of Mg-ACC, followed by its transformation to Mg-calcite; (3) precipitation of Mg-free ACC, causing a localized relative enrichment in Mg ions and subsequent heterogeneous nucleation and crystal growth of Mg-calcite. The actual number of inhaled dust particles may be significantly greater than was observed because of the masking effect of the carbonate coatings. There is no simple correlation between smoking habit and lung calcification.

scholarly journals VARIATIONS IN THE BRONCHOVASCULAR PATTERNS OF THE LEFT LOWER LOBE OF FIFTY LUNGS

1953 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 633-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Pitel ◽  
Edward A. Boyden
Keyword(s):  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Left Lower Lobe
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