scholarly journals Motives and Correlates of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Use With Stimulant Polypharmacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renee Zahnow ◽  
Jim McVeigh ◽  
Geoff Bates ◽  
Adam R. Winstock
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Psychoactive Drug ◽  
Anabolic Androgenic Steroid ◽  
Steroid Use ◽  
Stimulant Use ◽  
Concurrent Use ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Androgenic Steroids ◽  
The Relationship

Individuals who use anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) may engage in concurrent psychoactive drug use recreationally and/or as an additional training aid. Aside from cannabis, individuals who use AAS most commonly report concurrent use of stimulants such as amphetamines and cocaine. In this study, we examine demographic characteristics, frequency of heavy drinking, and nightclubbing in a sample of 993 men from the Global Drug Survey 2015 who reported both AAS and psychoactive drug use before exploring the relationship between motivation for AAS use and the propensity to concurrently engage with stimulant-type substances. Results of a logistic regression analysis suggest that the propensity for concurrent use of AAS and stimulants is greater when AAS use is motivated by weight loss goals, while performance goals are associated with reduced odds of concurrent stimulant use. Identifying individuals who are at risk of polydrug use and associated harms can inform targeted harm reduction strategies.

scholarly journals Intrasexual competition as a potential influence on anabolic-androgenic steroid use initiation

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1210-1220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Harris ◽  
Michael Dunn ◽  
Tina Alwyn
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Intrasexual Competition ◽  
Anabolic Androgenic Steroids ◽  
Anabolic Androgenic Steroid ◽  
Potential Influence ◽  
Steroid Use ◽  
Novice Group ◽  
Androgenic Steroid ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Androgenic Steroids

An estimated 293,000 people living in the United Kingdom have used anabolic-androgenic steroids. However, there is currently no intervention to reduce usage available in practice or academic circulation throughout the United Kingdom. This study aimed to test a novel hypothesis that increased levels of intrasexual competition may play an important influential role in the use of anabolic-androgenic steroids. Significantly higher levels of intrasexual competition were evident in users compared to non-users but only in the novice group (0–2 years of experience). The research provides evidence for intrasexual competition potentially influencing anabolic-androgenic steroid use but only during the initial stages of usage.

Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids and Psychiatric-Related Effects: A Review*

1992 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Uzych
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Anabolic Androgenic Steroids ◽  
Anabolic Androgenic Steroid ◽  
Steroid Use ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Behavioural Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Disparate Data ◽  
Androgenic Steroids

Anabolic-androgenic steroid use may have a wide range of adverse psychiatric and behavioural effects. The available data, however, are often inconsistent and inconclusive concerning possible effects of anabolic-androgenic steroids on libido in men, in women and also the way in which they affect libido differently in males and females. Anabolic-androgenic steroids may both relieve and cause depression. Cessation or diminished use of anabolic-androgenic steroids may also result in depression. More study is required to determine whether or not the disparate data on depression are consistent clinical observations. The level of testosterone appears to be positively associated with “aggression”, particularly in response to provocation! Various psychotic symptoms and manic episodes may be associated with anabolic-androgenic steroids. The possibility of hypomania induced by synthetic androgens must also be considered.

Exploring the “Inevitability” of the Relationship between Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Use and Aggression in Human Males

1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Sharp ◽  
David Collins
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Explanation ◽  
Behavioral Disturbance ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Steroid Use ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Social Mediation ◽  
Literature Base ◽  
Androgenic Steroids ◽  
The Relationship

A growing body of literature associates anabolic-androgenic steroids (AS) with psychological and behavioral disturbance. Studies report marked increases in aggression, and authors have suggested a causal relationship with the pharmacological properties of AS. There are, however, contradictions, methodological shortcomings, and variability within the literature that indicate a need to reevaluate the interpretation of these findings. After considering limitations in the pharmacological-oriented approach when compared to wider theory, a previously unconsidered social-psychological literature base regarding this problem is examined. The paper explores the role of social mediation in the relationship between AS use and aggression, demonstrating how psychosocial factors may bring about the aggressive behavior. Although these alternatives aim to place the nature of effects firmly back in the field of psychological explanation, it is proposed that the true nature of the effects will only become evident by adopting a complex biopsychosocial approach to the study of this problem.

scholarly journals Of Rats And Men: Peer Presence And Familiarity Are Key Factors Which Reduce Drug Intake

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Giorla ◽  
S Nordmann ◽  
Y Pelloux ◽  
P Roux ◽  
S Rosellini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Drug Consumption ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Transdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTSocial environment influences drug consumption, its persistence and evolution. Little is known regarding the influence of the presence of a peer during drug consumption and especially how the relationship between peers (familiarity and dominance) can influence drug consumption. We used here a translational and transdisciplinary approach to explore the influence of peer presence and peer familiarity in rats and humans that self-administer stimulants. In rats, cocaine intake was compared when rats were alone with intake when peers with different characteristics (familiar or not, cocaine naive or not, dominant or subordinate) were present. In humans, 77 cocaine and/or methylphenidate users were asked to detail their most recent drug use episodes and their relationship with peers present at consumption. The results show that in both humans and rats, the risk of cocaine/stimulant consumption was significantly reduced by 37% and 32%, respectively, when a peer was present. Moreover, the lowest risk of consumption was consistently observed when the peer was unfamiliar (vs familiar) with a further 38% and 17% risk reduction, respectively. In rats, a decreased risk of consumption was greater when the peer was cocaine naive (vs non-cocaine naive).The presence of a non-familiar and possibly drug-naive peer is the most efficient condition to diminish stimulant intake. Our results indirectly support the use of harm reduction strategies, in particular supervised consumption rooms for stimulant users.

Alcohol and Psychoactive Drug Use During Pregnancy

1988 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 271-271
Author(s):  
Barry Zuckerman ◽  
Joel J. Alpert
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Psychoactive Drug ◽  
Abstinence Syndrome ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The Impact

The impact of alcohol and psychactive drug use during pregnancy on the newborn has been discussed in two recent articles in Pediatrics in Review1,2 and continues to be a topic of clinical importance. Some of the effects of these substances are known. Heroin and methadone use results in low birth weight and narcotic abstinence syndrome, although long-term effects on development are uncertain.1 The risk of heavy drinking is unquestioned,2 but investigators disagree as to the effects of lesser amounts of alcohol.2-5 Results of some studies do not show an association between less than heavy drinking during pregnancy and adverse newborn outcome,6-11 in contrast to the consistent findings of the risks associated with cigarette smoking,4,11

Adolescent Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Use, Multiple Drug Use, and High School Sports Participation

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. DuRant ◽  
Amy B. Middleman ◽  
Annie H. Faulkner ◽  
S. Jean Emans ◽  
Elizabeth R. Woods
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Anabolic Steroid ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Anabolic Androgenic Steroid ◽  
Steroid Use ◽  
Androgenic Steroid ◽  
School Sports

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among anabolic-androgenic steroid use and other drug use, strength training, sports participation, and school performance of high school students. Among males not participating in school sports, 37% of the variation in anabolic steroid use was accounted for by frequency of cocaine use, injected drug use, other drug use, and engaging in strength training. Injection drug use and poly-drug use accounted for 22.1% of the variation in the frequency of anabolic-steroid use among males participating in school sports, 29.1% of the variation among females participating in school sports, and 63.3% of the variation among females not participating in school sports.

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