Attempted Suicide: A Multilevel Examination of Inmate Characteristics and Prison Context

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryce E. Stoliker
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
Modeling Techniques ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Level Of Analysis

Correctional institutions in the United States witness higher rates of suicide compared with the general population, as well as a higher number of attempted suicides compared with completed cases. Prison research focused little attention on investigating the combined effects of inmate characteristics and prison context on suicide, with studies using only one level of analysis (prison or prisoner) and neglecting the nested nature of inmates in prisons. To extend this literature, multilevel modeling techniques were employed to investigate individual- and prison-contextual predictive patterns of attempted suicide using a nationally representative sample of 18,185 inmates in 326 prisons across the United States. Results revealed that several individual-level factors predicted odds for attempted suicide, such as inmate characteristics/demographics, prison experiences, having a serious mental illness, and symptoms of mental health issues. Some prison-contextual variables, as well as cross-level interaction effects, also significantly predicted odds for attempted suicide. Policy and research implications are discussed.

Proportion of Individuals With Past-Year Suicidal Ideation Who Attempted Suicide Over the Past 10 Years in the United States, and the Influence of Age and Sex

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Shannon Lange ◽  
Courtney Bagge ◽  
Charlotte Probst ◽  
Jürgen Rehm
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
The United States ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Age Category

Abstract. Background: In recent years, the rate of death by suicide has been increasing disproportionately among females and young adults in the United States. Presumably this trend has been mirrored by the proportion of individuals with suicidal ideation who attempted suicide. Aim: We aimed to investigate whether the proportion of individuals in the United States with suicidal ideation who attempted suicide differed by age and/or sex, and whether this proportion has increased over time. Method: Individual-level data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), 2008–2017, were used to estimate the year-, age category-, and sex-specific proportion of individuals with past-year suicidal ideation who attempted suicide. We then determined whether this proportion differed by age category, sex, and across years using random-effects meta-regression. Overall, age category- and sex-specific proportions across survey years were estimated using random-effects meta-analyses. Results: Although the proportion was found to be significantly higher among females and those aged 18–25 years, it had not significantly increased over the past 10 years. Limitations: Data were self-reported and restricted to past-year suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Conclusion: The increase in the death by suicide rate in the United States over the past 10 years was not mirrored by the proportion of individuals with past-year suicidal ideation who attempted suicide during this period.

Epidemiology of Technology Use and Mental Health in the United States

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-56
Author(s):  
Seth W. Whiting ◽  
Rani A. Hoff
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Mental Health Issues

Advancements in technologies and their mass-scale adoption throughout the United States create rapid changes in how people interact with the environment and each other and how they live and work. As technologies become commonplace in society through increased availability and affordability, several problems may emerge, including disparate use among groups, which creates divides in attainment of the beneficial aspects of a technology’s use and coinciding mental health issues. This chapter briefly overviews new technologies and associated emerging applications in information communication technologies, social media networks, video games and massively multiplayer online role-playing games, and online gambling, then examines the prevalence of use among the general population and its subgroups and further discusses potential links between mental health issues associated with each technology and implications of overuse.

Assessing Local “Diversity”: A Nationally Representative Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 232949652110216
Author(s):  
Neeraj Rajasekar ◽  
Evan Stewart ◽  
Joseph Gerteis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Racial Difference ◽  
The United States ◽  
Racial Ideology ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Local Diversity ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Diversity Discourse

The meanings and definition of “diversity” can change across different applications and contexts, but many such meanings have implications for racial difference and racial ideology in the United States. We provide a nationally representative analysis of how everyday Americans assess “diversity” in their own communities. We test how county-level racial, religious, economic, and political heterogeneity predict the view that one lives in a highly diverse locale; we also test how individual-level factors predict such a view. Among the four indicators of local difference, racial difference is most strongly and consistently associated with Americans’ assessments of local diversity. Individual-level factors do not weaken this relationship; rather, local context and individual-level factors conjointly predict assessments of local diversity. Despite the flexible, hyperinclusive nature of diversity discourse, local racial difference is salient in Americans’ assessments of “diversity” in their communities, and this pattern is not simply a product of individual-level factors. Our findings illustrate another dimension of the flexible-yet-racialized nature of diversity discourse in the United States. We also show that Americans are particularly aware of racial difference in their locale, which has implications for social and ideological responses to changing communities and a changing nation.

scholarly journals Mental health issues experienced by jail inmates in Texas: An overview of diagnostic problems

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 169-182
Author(s):  
Jurg Gerber ◽  
Ahram Cho
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Correctional Facilities ◽  
Mental Health Training ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Jail Inmates ◽  
Health Training ◽  
Mental Health Issues

Mental health issues experienced by jail inmates in Texas: An overview of diagnostic problemsThe main purpose of the article is to show selected aspects of prisoners’ mental health in the United States using the example of the state of Texas. The article indicates the nature and scope of needs in the area of inmates’ mental health in various correctional units and shows some aspects of the diagnosis problems. The authors analyze the reasons for the transfer of responsibility for mental health of prisoners sentenced to the administration of correctional facilities, especially jails. The article also shows the needs of the Prison Administration regarding convicts’ mental health training and classification systems for prisoners in Texas.

To Adopt or Not to Adopt

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen Schwarz ◽  
Andrew Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Adoption Decision ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Institutional Pressure ◽  
State Study ◽  
Multiple State ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Level Of Analysis

For several decades the information systems field has studied the individual-level decision to adopt Information Technology (IT) with the primary goal of making it easier for organizations to derive value out of IT by increasing their effective and efficient use of the deployed IT. While the topic of non-adoption has been discussed within the literature, the focus in previous work has been upon the perceptions of the individual towards the innovation (or a micro-level of analysis), neglecting the broader context within which the adoption/non-adoption decision takes place (or a macro-level of analysis). However, what about situations in which there is institutional pressure influencing an adoption decision? This paper posits that institutional pressure external to an organization may alter the directionality and outcome of the decision. This study adopts the Technology-Organization-Environment framework to examine the context of a physician's decision about whether or not to adopt Electronic Medical Record (or EMR) technology. It reports on a multiple state study within the United States that examines the technology, organization, and environmental factors that discriminate between adopters and non-adopters.

To Adopt or Not to Adopt

2016 ◽  
pp. 391-414
Author(s):  
Colleen Schwarz ◽  
Andrew Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Adoption Decision ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Institutional Pressure ◽  
State Study ◽  
Multiple State ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Level Of Analysis

For several decades the information systems field has studied the individual-level decision to adopt Information Technology (IT) with the primary goal of making it easier for organizations to derive value out of IT by increasing their effective and efficient use of the deployed IT. While the topic of non-adoption has been discussed within the literature, the focus in previous work has been upon the perceptions of the individual towards the innovation (or a micro-level of analysis), neglecting the broader context within which the adoption/non-adoption decision takes place (or a macro-level of analysis). However, what about situations in which there is institutional pressure influencing an adoption decision? This paper posits that institutional pressure external to an organization may alter the directionality and outcome of the decision. This study adopts the Technology-Organization-Environment framework to examine the context of a physician's decision about whether or not to adopt Electronic Medical Record (or EMR) technology. It reports on a multiple state study within the United States that examines the technology, organization, and environmental factors that discriminate between adopters and non-adopters.

Freed, Anne O.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesela Ivanova ◽  
Vaska Stancheva-Popkostadinova
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Clinical Social Work ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Work Practice ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
Clinical Social Work Practice

Anne O. Freed (1917–2012) is among the pioneers in clinical social work in the United States. She served as a clinician, administrator, researcher, lecturer, and mentor. She advanced clinical social work practice and furthered the awareness of mental health issues in geriatric practice. Anne introduced clinical social work to Bulgaria.

Is Distance to Drop Box an Appropriate Proxy for Drop Box Treatment? A Case Study of Washington State

2021 ◽  
pp. 1532673X2110221
Author(s):  
Loren Collingwood ◽  
Benjamin Gonzalez O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Voter Turnout ◽  
The United States ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Primary 52 ◽  
The One ◽  
Vote By Mail

In the United States, drop box mail-in voting has increased, particularly in the all vote by mail (VBM) states of Washington, Colorado, Utah, and Oregon. To assess if drop boxes improve voter turnout, research proxies box treatment by voters’ residence distance to nearest drop box. However, no research has tested the assumption that voters use drop boxes nearest their residence more so than they do other drop boxes. Using individual-level voter data from a 2020 Washington State election, we show that voters are more likely to use the nearest drop box to their residence relative to other drop boxes. In Washington’s 2020 August primary, 52% of drop box voters in our data used their nearest drop box. Moreover, those who either (1) vote by mail, or (2) used a different drop box from the one closest to their residence live further away from their closest drop box. Implications are discussed.

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