Women of the Street: How the Criminal Justice-Social Services Alliance Fails Women in Prostitution

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-448
Author(s):  
Crystal A. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Social Services

The Victimization of Transgender Individuals

2021 ◽  
pp. 327-352
Author(s):  
Dean Fox ◽  
Barbara Sims
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Crime Statistics ◽  
Transgender People ◽  
Health Community ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Reported Crime ◽  
The Impact

The victimization of transgender individuals is not always present in reported crime statistics. The victimizations experienced by this population are often invisible and suffered in isolation. There are many reasons why transgender people do not report their victimization, either to family members and friends or to the various institutions of society such as the police, the physical and/or mental health community, or to other social services providers. The authors explore what is currently known about the extent and nature of the victimization of transgender individuals. They explore the research associated with the role race/ethnicity plays in transgender victimizations, the nuances of victimizations that occur within intimate relationships, the response of the criminal justice system, and the impact of victimization on the transgender community. Possible solutions to the problems identified in the chapter are addressed, not the least of which is to dispel many of the myths associated with transgender individuals.

scholarly journals “A Twenty-Hour-a-Day Job”

2016 ◽  
Vol 665 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Comfort
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Supervision ◽  
Management Intervention ◽  
Probation And Parole ◽  
Case Management Intervention ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
Criminal Justice Contact

In the growing field of research on the consequences of criminal justice contact for family life, a heavy emphasis has been placed on how imprisonment influences the emotional, physical, and socioeconomic well-being of prisoners’ loved ones. In this article, I elaborate on and analyze the experiences of family members of people with frequent, low-level criminal justice involvement. I draw on ethnographic data collected in partnership with a clinical social worker over the course of a three-year study of an intensive case management intervention for HIV-positive individuals. Findings indicate that loved ones’ brief jail stays and community supervision through probation and parole pose hardships for family members that are distinct from those hardships that arise during imprisonment. These experiences are uniquely destabilizing, may confer specific risks to family members’ well-being, and merit further study to inform programs, social services, and public policy.

Linking the Social Services and Criminal Justice Systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 145-158
Author(s):  
Leon Ginsberg
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Clinical Services ◽  
Criminal Justice Program ◽  
Criminal Justice Systems ◽  
The Social ◽  
Justice Program

This chapter covers the criminal justice program structures and services and the ways in which social workers are involved in them. Social work’s involvement in the complex criminal justice system is extensive and varied. Direct or clinical practice with individuals, groups of individuals, and their families, are the primary activities of social workers in criminal justice. Social work, among the human services professions, is broader in its approaches than are most others. The social work profession not only focuses on direct or clinical services to clients and their families, but it also involves itself in larger system concerns, such as public policy and research. These nonclinical functions are included in the National Association of Social Workers’ Social Work Code of Ethics, social work licensing standards, and in programs of education for social workers.

Restitution of Victims by the Offenders

1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 331-339
Author(s):  
Judith Karp
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Western World ◽  
Pressure Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Collective Experience ◽  
Victims Of Crime

It is with great pleasure that I address you today at this Conference in Jerusalem. I believe that there is a profound symbolic meaning in putting the subject of victims of crime on the agenda of a conference in Israel, the homeland and the state of a people who, throughout history, have experienced much victimization.Unfortunately, it seems that the historical collective experience of victimization does not necessarily enhance the understanding of the phenomenon of victims of crime — neither that of secondary victimization by the criminal justice system itself nor the responsibility of society to address victims’ needs and problems.It seems that the criminal justice system in Israel, to a certain extent, is still detached from the victims rights movement which has been developing with growing impact during the last decade in the Western world. It is true that in recent years specific issues concerning victims of crime, such as violence in the family and child abuse, have been a topic of growing interest and action in Israel. As a result, legislation has been passed by the Knesset to deal with these issues and the groundwork for an infrastructure of social services is being laid. However, this does not appear to be a result of a genuine or widespread recognition of the social and legal importance of the commitment which a society should have towards the plight of crime victims. Rather, it seems to be more of a reaction to various political pressure groups.

scholarly journals GOVERNMENT COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH DELINQUENT TRAJECTORIES

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2.1) ◽  
pp. 263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Craig ◽  
Lyndall Schumann ◽  
Kelly Petrunka ◽  
Shahriar Khan ◽  
Ray Peters
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Remedial Education ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
At Risk Youth ◽  
Delinquent Girls ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Delinquent Boys

The objectives of this project were to: (a) identify early trajectories of delinquency for both boys and girls at ages 8 (Grade 3), 11 (Grade 6), and 14 (Grade 9) in a longitudinal sample of 842 at-risk youth from a multi-informant perspective (i.e., parents, teachers, self-reported youth ratings), and (b) estimate the costs associated with each delinquency trajectory on utilization of resources in the criminal justice system, remedial education, health care and social services, and social assistance. The results indicated six distinct trajectories of delinquency: two low groups, two desisting groups, an escalator group, and a high delinquency group. There were significantly more females than males in the two<em> low delinquency</em> trajectory groups, <em>p </em>&lt; .05 for both analyses. Furthermore, both the youth from the two <em>desisters</em> trajectory groups (13% of the sample) and from the two most at-risk trajectories (<em>escalators</em> and <em>high delinquency</em>, 5% of the sample) each accounted for approximately 40% of the estimated costs to government. It is interesting to note that 80% of the estimated <em>Criminal Justice</em> costs were due to the <em>high delinquency</em> and <em>escalators</em> trajectory groups. Antisocial or delinquent girls cost society more money than antisocial or delinquent boys in all domains, with the exception of the <em>Social Assistance</em> domain<strong>. </strong>Implications for crime prevention are discussed.

Occupational Risks

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Dewey ◽  
Tonia St. Germain
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Thought Processes ◽  
High Risk Behaviors ◽  
Sex Trading ◽  
Occupational Risks ◽  
The Social

This chapter argues that the criminal justice–social services alliance pathologizes women’s street-based sex trading and illicit drug use as individual responses to previous traumatic events and resulting flawed thought processes that encourage what alliance professionals often characterize as “high-risk behaviors.” This ideological position draws upon prevailing U.S. cultural norms and attendant structural forces regarding personal responsibility and appropriate gendered sexual behavior in characterizing particular aspects of street involvement, specifically homelessness, substance abuse, criminal justice system involvement, and interpersonal violence, as uniquely compounded and totalizing for women. Chapter subsections specifically address prevailing theoretical conceptualizations of risk in public health and the social sciences, quantitative data on the women’s demographic characteristics, women’s perspectives on their own occupational risks, and alliance professionals’ perspectives on the women’s, as well as their own, occupational risks.

Women of the Street

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Dewey ◽  
Tonia St. Germain
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Transitional Housing ◽  
Sex Trading ◽  
Treatment Providers

This is a book about people who make their living by engaging in street-based sex trading and criminal justice and social services efforts to curtail it through the work of police officers, public defenders, judges, probation officers, or court-mandated therapeutic treatment providers. Coauthored by an anthropologist and a legal scholar, the book explores these interactions and the cultural context in which they take place by drawing upon six years of ethnographic research with hundreds of women involved in street-based prostitution and illicit drug use, as well as dozens of the criminal justice and social services professionals who regularly interact with them. The book focuses on the criminal justice–social services alliance, which positions itself as a punitive-therapeutic partnership among law enforcement agencies and state, municipal, or independent nonprofit social services entities that police or otherwise regulate women involved in street-based prostitution and illicit drug use. Such policing and regulation rely on an interventionist discourse that positions the women’s decision making as the product of traumatic interpersonal encounters rather than of the exclusionary socioeconomic realities that frame their lives. The book’s balanced approach results from its unique methodology, with Dewey inhabiting a number of distinct roles as a participant observer on the streets, in services providers’ offices, and in correctional facilities, and as an alliance professional through her work as the admissions coordinator of one of the few transitional housing facilities for women leaving street-based sex trading.

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