scholarly journals Of Private and Social in Socialist Cities: The Individualizing Turn in Housing in a Medium-Sized City in Socialist Yugoslavia

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-67
Author(s):  
Pieter Troch
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Modernity ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
New Towns ◽  
Structural Framework ◽  
Local Decision ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Local Decision Making ◽  
The 1960S

This article contributes to research on reconfiguration of social and private in socialist cities. It presents the case study of Mitrovica, a smaller and peripheral city in Socialist Yugoslavia, to compensate for the focus on big capital cities and socialist new towns in the literature. The article explores local decision-making processes leading to the upgrading of informal private housing and the parallel downgrading of social-sector housing between the 1960s and 1980s. It demonstrates the open-ended nature of socialist urban development as the processual outcome of negotiations between local actors involved in urban planning and housing strategies of individual residents within the structural framework of central-level housing policies and under-urbanization. The article argues that the individualizing discourse of urban modernity was integral to post-Second World War socialist urban development.

The Veil of Bureaucracy: How Officials Evade Partisan Politics in Participatory Settings

2021 ◽  
pp. 232949652110288
Author(s):  
Meaghan Stiman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Partisan Politics ◽  
Community Voice ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Local Decision ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Veil ◽  
Local Decision Making ◽  
Do So

In theory, participatory democracies are thought to empower citizens in local decision-making processes. However, in practice, community voice is rarely representative, and even in cases of equal representation, citizens are often disempowered through bureaucratic processes. Drawing on the case of a firearm discharge debate from a rural county’s municipal meetings in Virginia, I extend research about how power operates in participatory settings. Partisan political ideology fueled the debate amongst constituents in expected ways, wherein citizens engaged collectivist and individualist frames to sway the county municipal board ( Celinska 2007 ). However, it was a third frame that ultimately explains the ordinance’s repeal: the bureaucratic frame, an ideological orientation to participatory processes that defers decision-making to disembodied abstract rules and procedures. This frame derives its power from its depoliticization potential, allowing bureaucrats to evade contentious political debates. Whoever is best able to wield this frame not only depoliticizes the debate to gain rationalized legitimacy but can do so in such a way to favor a partisan agenda. This study advances gun research and participatory democracy research by analyzing how the bureaucratic frame, which veils partisanship, offers an alternative political possibility for elected officials, community leaders, and citizens to adjudicate partisan debates.

Kommunalpolitik und -parlamente in Bayern

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Kronschnabel
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Party System ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
Empirical Survey ◽  
Local Election ◽  
Election System ◽  
Local Decision ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Advanced Knowledge ◽  
Local Decision Making

This study researches the development of Bavarian local government between 2002 and 2014 and offers a broad range of basic and advanced knowledge on this field. Its main focus is the change in the local election system in 2010: What impact has the new method of allocating parliamentary seats had on the structure of local parliaments, on their ability to function and on local decision-making processes? Besides an extensive structural analysis of the local election and party system, this study also provides a broad empirical survey, in which 262 members of local governments from the 74 largest local authority districts in Bavaria were interviewed. Its key findings are that the fragmentation of Bavarian local parliaments is rising continuously, also as a result of the change to the electoral system. The consequences of this development are noticeable in many local authorities and are causing increasing difficulties for local governments in larger cities especially.

scholarly journals Assessment of public participation in local planning & decision-making. A case study from Albania

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-94
Author(s):  
Mirjam Dibra ◽  
Dea Strica
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Planning ◽  
The Public ◽  
Local Decision ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Planning Decision ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Local Decision Making

The public participation (PP) is widely legitimised as a vital prerequisite to achieve sustainable development and as a basic principle of democracy. Under the conditions of the new territorial administrative-territorial division of local government units in the Republic of Albania, the Malesia e Madhe (MM) Municipality is a new one. The purpose of this study was the assessment of attitudes of the local community of areas under the administration of MM Municipality on PP in local planning and decision-making in order to influence future behaviours of the local community to take active part in local decision-making processes. The questionnaire was used as a research instrument for the local community of this Municipality. The research results showed that the local community of this area was generally aware of the need for their involvement in local decision-making, but they considered the municipality as the main responsibility for their involvement in this process. Keywords: Albania, local planning & decision-making, Malesia e Madhe Municipality, public participation.

A Critical Guideline Appraisal Overview: Choice Framework for Local Policy and Procedures (CFPP) 01-01: Management and Decontamination of Surgical Instruments (Medical Devices) Used in Acute Care. Part A: The formulation of Local Policy and Choices Manual Version 1.0: England

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 376-379
Author(s):  
Angela Cobbold ◽  
Sue Lord
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Surgical Instruments ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Allied Health Professionals ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Local Decision ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Local Decision Making ◽  
Policy Direction ◽  
Transmission Of Disease

Efficient decontamination of reusable invasive surgical instruments (medical devices) endeavours to eliminate inadvertent transmission of disease by infectious agents and human prions. Although there are several pertinent regulatory British, European and international decontamination standards to adhere to, the Department of Health (DH) is now emphasising the need for individual departments to be proactive in the local decision-making processes, with the aim of improving patient experience in line with health policy direction and support. The following article aims to address some of the questions that many nursing and allied health professionals may want to be answered in relation to Part A of this series.

COASTAL VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT: AN INTEGRATED FRAMEWORK TO ANALYZE LOCAL DECISION MAKING AND ADAPTATION TO SEA-LEVEL RISE IN SANTOS, SAO PAULO-BRAZIL

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A Marengo ◽  
Jose A Marengo ◽  
Luci H. Nunes ◽  
Luci H. Nunes ◽  
Celia R.G. Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Coastal City ◽  
Local Decision ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Local Decision Making

The METROPOLE Project is an international collaboration between Brazil, the United Kingdom, and the United States designed to evaluate local decision making processes and to provide feedback to local urban managers on possible actions toward adaption to sea level rise (SLR). The goal of the project is to help coastal communities better understand factors that facilitate or hinder their intrinsic, local decision-making processes related to planning for adaptation to risk. The test used case sea level rise to develop case studies on long-term planning by local government and society as a means to gauge the of municipalities in different settings to address possible future risks. The framework was designed by an interdisciplinary team that incorporated social and natural scientists from these three nations, and which included local government officials. This paper focuses on some of the factors that affect decision-making in the coastal city of Santos, in the state of Sao Paulo in southeastern Brazil, and provides insight on possible actions that a coastal city, such as Santos, can do to prepare for impacts of SLR.

scholarly journals Water governance in decentralising urban Indonesia

Urban Studies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (14) ◽  
pp. 2917-2934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paramita Rahayu ◽  
Johan Woltjer ◽  
Tommy Firman
Keyword(s):  
Water Governance ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Institutional Capacity ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Democratic Regimes ◽  
Local Decision ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Local Decision Making ◽  
The City

Under new democratic regimes in the countries of the Global South, governance innovation is often found at the regional level. This article, using the concept of institutional capacity, shows that powerful efforts affecting regional water resource coordination emerge locally. The article analyses fresh water cooperation in the urban region of Cirebon, Indonesia. It is shown that the city and its surrounding regions in decentralising Indonesia show signs of increasing institutional capacity between local actors. An informal approach and discretionary local decision-making, influenced by the logic of appropriateness and tolerance, are influential. At the same time, these capacities are compromised by significant inequality and a unilateral control of water resources, and they are being challenged by a strong authoritarian political culture inherited from a history of centralised government. The article points to the need to establish greater opportunities for water governance at the regional level to transcend inter-local rivalry, and thus improve decentralised institutional capacity further.

COASTAL VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT: AN INTEGRATED FRAMEWORK TO ANALYZE LOCAL DECISION MAKING AND ADAPTATION TO SEA-LEVEL RISE IN SANTOS, SAO PAULO-BRAZIL

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A Marengo ◽  
Jose A Marengo ◽  
Luci H. Nunes ◽  
Luci H. Nunes ◽  
Celia R.G. Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Coastal City ◽  
Local Decision ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Local Decision Making

The METROPOLE Project is an international collaboration between Brazil, the United Kingdom, and the United States designed to evaluate local decision making processes and to provide feedback to local urban managers on possible actions toward adaption to sea level rise (SLR). The goal of the project is to help coastal communities better understand factors that facilitate or hinder their intrinsic, local decision-making processes related to planning for adaptation to risk. The test used case sea level rise to develop case studies on long-term planning by local government and society as a means to gauge the of municipalities in different settings to address possible future risks. The framework was designed by an interdisciplinary team that incorporated social and natural scientists from these three nations, and which included local government officials. This paper focuses on some of the factors that affect decision-making in the coastal city of Santos, in the state of Sao Paulo in southeastern Brazil, and provides insight on possible actions that a coastal city, such as Santos, can do to prepare for impacts of SLR.

Do Residents of Low-Income Communities Trust Organizations to Speak on Their Behalf? Differences by Organizational Type

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunggeun (Ethan) Park ◽  
Jennifer E. Mosley ◽  
Colleen M. Grogan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Religious Congregations ◽  
Neighborhood Organizations ◽  
Organizational Type ◽  
Local Decision ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Local Decision Making

Low-income people of color in urban communities have been found to suffer from high levels of political inequality and poor political representation. To make policy more responsive and accountable, neighborhood organizations are often solicited to serve as informal community representatives in local decision-making processes. Given this reliance on nonelected representatives, we ask, Do community residents believe neighborhood organizations are legitimate representatives of their interests? Using survey data from residents of the South Side of Chicago, this article demonstrates that residents’ trust in organizations as representatives varies significantly by organizational type. Specifically, community organizations, religious congregations, and schools are rated as more trustworthy to speak on behalf of the community than local elected officials. These findings hold relatively constant across a variety of individual- and community-level differences, implying that this preference is widespread and may extend to other vulnerable urban communities in the United States.

Does e-participation Influence and Improve Political Decision Making Processes? Evidence From a Local Government

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 873-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ángel Iglesias Alonso ◽  
Roberto Luciano Barbeito
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Large City ◽  
City Government ◽  
Local Democracy ◽  
Local Politicians ◽  
Local Decision ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Local Decision Making

In Local Governments, the quality of representative democracy is also measured by the extent to which demands of citizens and groups influence the agendas of local politicians. In this context, the potential of Internet and the NIT as tools that encourage participation, exchange and deliberation, have not been fully explored by either the local elites or the citizens to foster the discursive and decision-making dimensions of local democracy. But despite the growing importance of e-participation in improving local democracy, it remains unclear to what extent it also contributes to the introduction of new repertoires of action to improve efficiency and quality of local public service provision and, therefore, involving citizens meaningfully in the decision-making process continues to be a challenge. With this in mind and using recent empirical evidence from the current development of e-participation to improve administrative performance in a large city government, intended to enhance not only local democracy but also better decision-making, the paper focus on this gap on research by exploring to what extent e-participation contributes to foster, influence and improve local decision-making.

Voting on Belonging

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-282
Author(s):  
Dia Dabby
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Legal Consciousness ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Local Identity ◽  
Local Decision ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Local Decision Making

AbstractIn 2017, a Muslim cemetery project was proposed in the municipality of St-Apollinaire, just outside Quebec City. This proposal required a change in local zoning, which necessitated approval from citizens living around the targeted plot of land, through the use of diverse deliberative tools. Drawing on a small-scale empirical study conducted in 2017–2018 with key informants in the cemetery project, this article investigates how these actors lived through, engaged with, and operated within the bounds of law. To do this, I suggest employing a legal consciousness framework to examine how local life is also where everyday lived law occurs. The local governance of diversity in death thus requires a re-evaluation of the “local,” identity politics, relationships, and legal consciousness. Ultimately, this article proposes that local decision-making processes play an important yet underexamined role in the broader conversations on belonging.

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