Crowds, Bread and Fame: John 6.1-15 and History Revisited

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-161
Author(s):  
Tucker S. Ferda
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Public Career

From the nineteenth to the mid-twentieth century it was common to regard the unique conclusion to the Johannine account of the Feeding of the Five Thousand (6.15) as one of the most important episodes in Jesus’ public career. This view has all but disappeared from current Jesus research. This article revisits, challenges and ultimately reframes this thesis with the help of some recent developments in historical method in Jesus studies. The argument is this: even if the exact scenario in Jn 6.14-15 is not historical, the episode captures an important political dimension to Jesus’ activities that probably is historical and can illuminate other events in his life as well. Historians were right to highlight Jn 6.14-15, if perhaps for the wrong reasons.

Authenticity, hybridity, and difference

Focaal ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 (45) ◽  
pp. 71-93
Author(s):  
Wil G. Pansters
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Cultural Politics ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Authoritarian Regime ◽  
The Political ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
Authentic Identity ◽  
Recent Developments

This article studies the transformation of the debate about national culture in twentieth-century Mexico by looking at the complex relationship between discourses of authenticity and mestizaje. The article firstly demonstrates how in the first half of the twentieth century, Mexican national identity was constructed out of a state-led program of mestizaje, thereby supposedly giving rise to a new and authentic identity, the mestizo (nation). Secondly, it is argued that the authentication project around mestizaje is riddled with paradoxes that require explanation. Thirdly, the article studies the political dimension of the authenticity discourse and demonstrates how the homogenizing and unifying forces that spring from the process of authentication played an important role in buttressing an authoritarian regime. Fourthly, the article looks at two recent developments: indigenous cultural politics and transnationalism. Here it is shown how discourses of difference, pluralism, and transnationalism are challenging the central tenets of Mexican post-revolutionary national culture and the boundaries of the national Self.

Great War Prostheses in American Literature and Culture

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Shaheen
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
American Literature ◽  
Disability Studies ◽  
First World War ◽  
Great War ◽  
World War ◽  
Prosthetic Devices ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
First World

Drawing on rehabilitation publications, novels by both famous and lesser-known American writers, and even the prosthetic masks of a classically trained sculptor, Great War Prostheses in American Literature and Culture addresses the ways in which prosthetic devices were designed, promoted, and depicted in America in the years during and after the First World War. The war’s mechanized weaponry ushered in an entirely new relationship between organic bodies and the technology that could both cause and attempt to remedy hideous injuries. This relationship was evident in the realm of prosthetic development, which by the second decade of the twentieth century promoted the belief that a prosthesis should be a spiritual extension of the person who possessed it. This spiritualized vision of prostheses held a particular resonance in American postwar culture. Relying on some of the most recent developments in literary and disability studies, the book’s six chapters explain how a prosthesis’s spiritual promise was largely dependent on its ability to nullify an injury and help an amputee renew (or even improve upon) his prewar life. But if it proved too cumbersome, obtrusive, or painful, the device had the long-lasting power to efface or distort his “spirit” or personality.

The avant-garde’s visual arts in the context of Santayana’s idea of vital liberty

Human Affairs ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Skowroński
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Visual Arts ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Universe

AbstractIn the present paper, the author looks at the political dimension of some trends in the visual arts within twentieth-century avant-garde groups (cubism, expressionism, fauvism, Dada, abstractionism, surrealism) through George Santayana’s idea of vital liberty. Santayana accused the avant-gardists of social and political escapism, and of becoming unintentionally involved in secondary issues. In his view, the emphasis they placed on the medium (or diverse media) and on treating it as an aim in itself, not, as it should be, as a transmitter through which a stimulating relationship with the environment can be had, was accompanied by a focus on fragments of life and on parts of existence, and, on the other hand, by a de facto rejection of ontology and cosmology as being crucial to understanding life and the place of human beings in the universe. The avant-gardists became involved in political life by responding excessively to the events of the time, instead of to the everlasting problems that are the human lot.

scholarly journals Julius Evola between christianity and neospiritualism

2021 ◽  
pp. 164-180
Author(s):  
M.V. Medovarov
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Early Church ◽  
Christian Doctrine ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Traditional Scheme

The article is devoted to the problem of the attitude of the Italian traditionalist philosopher Julius Evola to Christianity and neo-spiritualism. This task is solved on the basis of the comparative historical method of studying the works of Evola of different years and their assessment by researchers. Priority attention is paid to the analysis of the work "The Mask and Face of Contemporary Spiritualism" that was first published in Russian in 2020. The present work is considered in the context of all Evola's work, especially the works published in Russia recently. The question is raised about personalism in Evola's metaphysics. The essence of his criticism of psychoanalysis, spiritualism, theosophy, anthroposophy, primitivism, Satanism, some magical organizations and other forms of "new religiosity" is revealed. In the paper the traditional scheme of opposing the early, middle and late periods of Evola's work according to the criterion of his attitude to Christianity is contested. It is shown that from the early 1930s to the early 1970s his assessment of Christianity was invariably ambivalent and contradictory, although the emphasis on the positive aspects had been gradually increased. The problem of dualism in Christianity and the differences between the early Church, medieval Catholicism and the Aggiornamento of the twentieth century are examined in detail. The main conclusion of our investigation is that Evola, in spite of his personal antipathies to the Christian doctrine, was constantly forced to admit the possibility of a full-fledged spiritual realization of a person within the Catholic and Orthodox Churches and to act as an ally of Catholicism against all forms of neo-spiritualism and neo-paganism.

scholarly journals INTRODUCING IZAPA

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Rosenswig ◽  
Julia Guernsey
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Formative Period ◽  
Classic Period ◽  
Status Report ◽  
Regional Structure ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Information ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Middle Formative

AbstractThis paper introduces the articles that comprise this Special Issue on Izapa. First, we review early reporting and assessments of Izapa's monuments as well as archaeological investigations undertaken at the site during the twentieth century. Next, we describe more recent developments in interpretation and new archeological excavations and survey data collected during the past two decades. The papers in this Special Issue present new information that contribute to our evolving understanding of Izapa during the millennium that stretches from the Middle Formative period through the Middle Classic period (700 b.c.–a.d. 600). They serve as a status report on our understanding of the still largely enigmatic ancient kingdom, its regional structure, and connections to contemporaneous Isthmian sites.

The Fate of the History of Mentalités in the Annales

1982 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Burguiére
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Times

In a letter addressed to the medievalist Ferdinand Lot and dated June 1941, Charles Seignobos, hereditary enemy of the Annales, declared, “I have the impression that, for approximately the last quarter-century, the effort to think about historical method, which was vigorous in the 1880s and especially so in the 1890s, has reached a stalemate,” and noted that, as a sign of the times, “the Revue de Synthese Historique … has changed its name.” Seignobos, then only a year before his death, was writing a book on “the principles of the historical method.” His letter alluded to American and German output (“a mediocre American, Barnes, published a fat book in 1925 in which he summarized a large number of works….”), but made no mention of Lucien Febvre, Marc Bloch, or of the Annales, then in its twelfth year. To choose to ignore the Annales while discoursing on historical method is of course unjust and absurd. But aside from this omission, Charles Seignobos's remarks are not without pertinence. It is true that France at the turn of the last century and particularly during the first decade of the twentieth century, had been the center of a passionate and fascinating debate on the nature of historical knowledge, on the legitimacy of its pretensions to be a science, and so forth, and that by the 1940s this debate had ceased.

Elvis and Darmstadt, or: Twentieth-Century Music and the Politics of Cultural Pluralism

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 3-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID CLARKE
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Cultural Pluralism ◽  
Radical Democracy ◽  
Musical Style ◽  
Ideology Critique ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Cultural Paradigm ◽  
Twentieth Century Music

Abstract[PART 1] Contemporary musical production and consumption have become increasingly pluralist, seemingly bearing out postmodernist accounts of the eroding distinction between ‘high’ and ‘low’ cultures. Accordingly, accounts of twentieth-century music ought to be able to narrate these different musical spheres – emblematized by the phenomena of Elvis and Darmstadt – together. While such gestures are not altogether absent from some recent histories of twentieth-century music, the results suggest that a more developed theorization of cultural pluralism is needed, one that also has a political dimension. Liberalism is one polity that espouses cultural pluralism and value pluralism, ideas that are not entirely separable from postmodernist relativism. Both epistemes are limited, however, by a disinclination towards dialectical thought and by the absence of ideology critique. [PART 2] Theoretical concepts from Slavoj Žižek (influenced by Lacanian psychoanalysis, and Laclau and Mouffe’s ideas of radical democracy) hold the potential for a post-Marxian model of ideology critique that might galvanize approaches to musical pluralism. Such an application could be relevant to various kinds of music, without giving a priori preference to one musical style over another – as was the case with Adorno. That said, these ideas have significant resonances with Adorno’s negative dialectics, and are valuable in developing a form ofstrong relativismthat could dialecticize a dialogical approach to musical pluralism. This suggests the possilbity of construing pluralism not as the achievement of stasis (or ‘the end of history’), but as a means of effecting social and historical movement beyond the present cultural paradigm.

Some implications of twentieth century mathematics for high schools

1958 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-86
Author(s):  
Robert E. K. Rourke
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Elementary Algebra ◽  
Recent Developments

Recent developments in mathematics have a bearing on the mathematics taught in the secondary schools. This article shows how these developments should affect elementary algebra.

scholarly journals Expert Radiology Application Softwares Enhance Radiology Diagnosis Contributions And Challenges By A Historical Review of Informetric Analysis From 1991 To 2021

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Cheng Chao ◽  
Ming-Hung Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Business Models ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Filmless Radiology ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Speech Recognition Software ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Recent Developments

In all areas of medicine, especially in radiology, computers are increasing year by year. Filmless radiology, speech recognition software, electronic application forms, and teleradiology are recent developments that have greatly improved radiologists' performance. This research explores radiology software trends, predictions, and the challenges posed by informatics and historical trend analysis. The rationale behind this research is that information technology (IT) is overgrowing almost every day. We must continuously seek new ways to apply IT to make more use of resources. Consequently, IT becomes increasingly crucial to radiology organizations' innovative thinking, workflow, and business models. This study aimed to analyze all radiology software publications in the Science Citation Index (SCI). From 1991 to July 2021, SCI was used to search for publications systematically. We have also widely used this historical method in radiology software research. The findings and discussions are base on an assessment of trends, predictions, contributions, and challenges in radiology software, and we are exploring radiology software with six evolutionary stages. The gift of this research is that radiology managers realize that the use of new information technologies is closely related to survival in a competitive environment. Radiology companies can review these new technologies to develop more innovative business models and services to improve operational deficiencies.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Kirwan
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Reform Movement ◽  
Economic Crises ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Historical Methodology ◽  
Catholic Reform

This introduction provides an overview of the movement called the nouvelle théologie, a French Catholic reform movement led primarily by Jesuits and Dominicans. They sought to build a certain rapprochement with modernity by appropriating the historical method, aspects of phenomenology, and social engagement. A brief overview is provided of the two theologates with which they are identified: Fourvière, the Jesuit school in Lyon and Le Saulchoir, the Dominican school across the border in Belgium. Next, brief biographies are provided of the primary figures, including Henri de Lubac, Jean Daniélou, Yves Congar, and Marie-Dominique Chenu and Gaston Fessard. Finally, it is argued that recent historical treatments explain the nouvelle théologie almost exclusively in terms of the ecclesiastical debates that surrounded it. It suggests that a broader historical methodology is needed to root the movement deeper in the cultural, political, intellectual, and economic crises of the first half of the twentieth century.

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