Onodi Cell Mucocele: Case Report and Review of the Literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 95 (9) ◽  
pp. E4-E8 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Lee ◽  
Michael Au
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Surgical Decompression ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Ocular Complications ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Onodi Cell ◽  
High Degree

Onodi cell mucoceles are rare entities that can cause devastating ocular complications if not treated promptly. Delays in the diagnosis are possible because of the wide range of differential diagnoses of unilateral retrobulbar optic neuropathy. We describe a new case of Onodi cell mucocele in a 39-year-old woman, and we present a comprehensive review of the literature on this entity. To the best of our knowledge, no review of Onodi cell mucoceles has been previously published. Our review found that 69% of patients with an Onodi cell mucocele experienced an improvement in vision after surgical decompression. The vast majority of these patients underwent endoscopic decompression; the timing of surgical decompression did not appear to affect outcomes in terms of vision. Onodi cell mucocele requires a high degree of clinical suspicion for diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach to management that involves primary care physicians, ophthalmologists, and otolaryngologists. Early surgical treatment via an endoscopic approach is recommended for most patients, regardless of the duration of their ophthalmologic signs and symptoms.

scholarly journals Thoracic Endometriosis: a Clinical Review and Update of Current and Evolving Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Kanth Velagapudi ◽  
John P. Egan
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Thoracoscopic Surgery ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Diagnostic Workup ◽  
Medical Thoracoscopy ◽  
High Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Thoracic Endometriosis ◽  
Video Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery

Abstract Purpose of Review The goal of this review is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, and clinical management of thoracic endometriosis (TE), as well as highlight our personal experience with TE workup and management. Recent Findings TE can present in a wide range of clinical manifestations. Without high clinical suspicion, diagnosis can be delayed. Since no specific laboratory testing is available, diagnosis is often based on careful history taking, imaging, and direct visualization of endometrial lesions through video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Medical thoracoscopy (MT) may also be a useful tool in the diagnostic workup of TE. Summary The diagnosis and management of TE require a multidisciplinary approach and a high index of clinical suspicion. While VATS remains the gold standard for diagnosis, we share our experience using MT to diagnose and manage a case of TE-related hemothorax.

scholarly journals Extraintestinal Salmonellosis in the Immunocompromised: An Unusual Case of Pyomyositis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Veeraraghavan Meyyur Aravamudan ◽  
Phang Kee Fong ◽  
Pavel Singh ◽  
Jong Sze Chin ◽  
Yang Shiyao Sam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unusual Case ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Multidisciplinary Management ◽  
Extraintestinal Manifestations ◽  
Salmonella Infection ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Degree

Salmonella infection can cause a wide range of presentations, predominantly gastrointestinal but occasionally with cardiovascular or other extraintestinal manifestations. The diagnosis of extraintestinal salmonellosis requires a high degree of clinical suspicion and should be considered in patients with deep-seated abscesses especially if they are immunocompromised. We present a case of salmonella causing gastroenteritis complicated by an intramuscular abscess of the left leg. With prompt recognition and multidisciplinary management, the patient recovered with no serious sequela.

scholarly journals Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia: a case report

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand Kishore ◽  
Ajeet Singh ◽  
Ashutosh Jain
Keyword(s):  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Diaphragmatic Injury ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Diaphragmatic Rupture ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Traumatic Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽  
Associated Injury ◽  
Trauma Case ◽  
High Degree

Diaphragmatic injury is a rare entity and clinically difficult to be diagnosed as symptoms are often masked due to associated injury in a poly trauma case. There are no specific signs and symptoms for diagnosing diaphragmatic rupture. High degree of clinical suspicion is needed in all cases of thoraco-abdominal injury to diagnose a case of diaphragmatic rupture. Computed Tomography (CT) chest and abdomen is very useful in diagnosis. When in doubt a diagnostic laparoscopy should be undertaken to establish a diagnosis to reduce mortality and morbidity.

scholarly journals A neonate with Langerhans cell histiocytosis presenting as blueberry muffin rash: Case report and review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2050313X2091961
Author(s):  
Janelle Cyr ◽  
Annie Langley ◽  
Dina El Demellawy ◽  
Michele Ramien
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Site Selection ◽  
Langerhans Cells ◽  
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Langerhans Cell ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Biopsy Site ◽  
High Degree

In our case report, we discuss a 1-day-old boy presenting with blueberry muffin syndrome diagnosed with Langerhans cell histiocytosis. The diagnosis complicated by an initial difficult-to-interpret biopsy showing only a hint of perifollicular CD1a-positive cells; however, given our team’s strong clinical suspicion of Langerhans cell histiocytosis, a second biopsy of a more mature lesion was done and showed typical histopathology. This case introduces the possibility of perifollicular Langerhans cells early in this condition, demonstrates the importance of appropriate biopsy site selection, and highlights the importance of maintaining a high degree of suspicion when there is poor clinicopathologic correlation. Our case report contains a comprehensive table which reviews the systemic and cutaneous clinical features, as well as the laboratory, pathology, and imaging findings for the differential diagnoses of blueberry muffin baby.

Malignant Melanoma of the Breast: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2013 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. e11-e13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Tan ◽  
Allison Howard ◽  
Amy E Cyr
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
High Degree

Primary breast melanoma is a rare entity that on routine histology may be mistaken for triple-negative breast cancer. A high degree of clinical suspicion is necessary to make this diagnosis. This case report describes the presentation and treatment of primary breast melanoma.

scholarly journals Acute Epiglottitis in the Immunocompromised Host: Case Report and Review of the Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Chen ◽  
Mukil Natarajan ◽  
David Bianchi ◽  
Georg Aue ◽  
John H Powers
Keyword(s):  
Upper Airway ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Immunocompromised Host ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Type B ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Haemophilus Influenza ◽  
Acute Epiglottitis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Immunocompromised State

Abstract We present a case of acute epiglottitis in a 16-year-old with severe aplastic anemia. He was admitted with a history suggestive of a severe upper airway infection and an absolute neutrophil count of 0 per cubic millimeter. Despite his immunocompromised state, he presented with the classical signs and symptoms of epiglottitis. We review here the presentation and comorbidities of immunocompromised patients with epiglottitis. In addition, the appropriate choice of empirical antibiotic therapy is important for the management of epiglottitis in immunocompromised patients, especially in the post–Haemophilus influenza type B vaccination era. In our patient, Enterobacter cloacae was isolated from endoscopically directed throat cultures, and treatment was successful without the need for intubation. The current literature suggests that in immunocompromised patients, particularly those who are neutropenic, there is a potentially wide range of organisms, both bacterial and fungal, that may play a role in the pathology of acute epiglottitis.

scholarly journals Bilateral sacroiliitis: a rare cause for a common presentation

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 4119
Author(s):  
Subodh Kumar Mahto ◽  
Praveen Kumar Singh ◽  
Ankita Sheoran ◽  
Afroz Jamal ◽  
Nagina Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Axial Skeleton ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Musculoskeletal Complaints ◽  
Common Presentation ◽  
Lethal Complications ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Bone Sarcoidosis

Fever and osteoarticular involvement of axial skeleton are hallmark clinical manifestations of brucellosis but other diseases like ankylosing spondylitis, tuberculosis, Paget’s disease of bone, sarcoidosis should also be considered as differential diagnosis. Brucellosis is an uncommon infectious disease in India. Signs and symptoms of the disease are highly variable, with musculoskeletal complaints occurring frequently. Authors hereby reported a case of brucellosis presenting with fever, polyathralgia, bilateral sacroiliitis and enthesitis. Knowledge of geographical distribution, evidence of exposure to the cattle and a high degree of clinical suspicion of brucellosis are very important for early differentiation from other diseases to prevent lethal complications and institute early treatment and a prompt recovery.

Intimate Partner Violence and Help-Seeking

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solveig Lelaurain ◽  
Pierluigi Graziani ◽  
Grégory Lo Monaco
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Social Concern ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Inhibiting Factors ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract. Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global social concern: many women are affected by this phenomenon and by the difficulty of putting an end to it. This review of the literature aims to identify help-seeking facilitating and inhibiting factors in response to IPV. It was carried out on the PsycINFO and Medline databases using the following keywords: “intimate partner violence,” “domestic violence,” “help-seeking,” and “help-seeking barrier.” Ninety out of 771 eligible publications were included on the basis of inclusion criteria. The results highlight that (1) research on this phenomenon is very recent and underdeveloped in Europe, (2) theoretical and conceptual frameworks are poorly developed and extended, (3) there is a significant impact of violence characteristics (e.g., severity, type) on help-seeking, and (4) help-seeking is a complex and multifactorial process influenced by a wide range of factors simultaneously individual and social. To conclude, these findings lead us to propose a psychosocial conceptualization of the help-seeking process by indicating how the levels of explanation approach in social psychology can be applied to this field of research in order to increase our understanding of this phenomenon.

Understanding Conformational Entropy in Small Molecules

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucian Chan ◽  
Garrett Morris ◽  
Geoffrey Hutchison
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Standard Entropy ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Conformational Entropy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Empirical Corrections

The calculation of the entropy of flexible molecules can be challenging, since the number of possible conformers grows exponentially with molecule size and many low-energy conformers may be thermally accessible. Different methods have been proposed to approximate the contribution of conformational entropy to the molecular standard entropy, including performing thermochemistry calculations with all possible stable conformations, and developing empirical corrections from experimental data. We have performed conformer sampling on over 120,000 small molecules generating some 12 million conformers, to develop models to predict conformational entropy across a wide range of molecules. Using insight into the nature of conformational disorder, our cross-validated physically-motivated statistical model can outperform common machine learning and deep learning methods, with a mean absolute error ≈4.8 J/mol•K, or under 0.4 kcal/mol at 300 K. Beyond predicting molecular entropies and free energies, the model implies a high degree of correlation between torsions in most molecules, often as- sumed to be independent. While individual dihedral rotations may have low energetic barriers, the shape and chemical functionality of most molecules necessarily correlate their torsional degrees of freedom, and hence restrict the number of low-energy conformations immensely. Our simple models capture these correlations, and advance our understanding of small molecule conformational entropy.

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