Development and Characterization of an Electrocochleography-Guided Robotics-Assisted Cochlear Implant Array Insertion System

2021 ◽  
pp. 019459982110492
Author(s):  
Allan M. Henslee ◽  
Christopher R. Kaufmann ◽  
Matt D. Andrick ◽  
Parker T. Reineke ◽  
Viral D. Tejani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Electrode Array ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Animal Testing ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
Hearing Outcomes

Objective Electrocochleography (ECochG) is increasingly being used during cochlear implant (CI) surgery to detect and mitigate insertion-related intracochlear trauma, where a drop in ECochG signal has been shown to correlate with a decline in hearing outcomes. In this study, an ECochG-guided robotics-assisted CI insertion system was developed and characterized that provides controlled and consistent electrode array insertions while monitoring and adapting to real-time ECochG signals. Study Design Experimental research. Setting A research laboratory and animal testing facility. Methods A proof-of-concept benchtop study evaluated the ability of the system to detect simulated ECochG signal changes and robotically adapt the insertion. Additionally, the ECochG-guided insertion system was evaluated in a pilot in vivo sheep study to characterize the signal-to-noise ratio and amplitude of ECochG recordings during robotics-assisted insertions. The system comprises an electrode array insertion drive unit, an extracochlear recording electrode module, and a control console that interfaces with both components and the surgeon. Results The system exhibited a microvolt signal resolution and a response time <100 milliseconds after signal change detection, indicating that the system can detect changes and respond faster than a human. Additionally, animal results demonstrated that the system was capable of recording ECochG signals with a high signal-to-noise ratio and sufficient amplitude. Conclusion An ECochG-guided robotics-assisted CI insertion system can detect real-time drops in ECochG signals during electrode array insertions and immediately alter the insertion motion. The system may provide a surgeon the means to monitor and reduce CI insertion–related trauma beyond manual insertion techniques for improved CI hearing outcomes.

scholarly journals A novel biosensor with high signal-to-noise ratio for real-time measurement of dopamine levels in vivo

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 817-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akimasa Ishida ◽  
Atsushi Imamura ◽  
Yoshitomo Ueda ◽  
Takeshi Shimizu ◽  
Ryosuke Marumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Time Measurement ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Real Time Measurement ◽  
Noise Ratio

scholarly journals Sequential average segmented microscopy for high signal-to-noise ratio motion-artifact-free in vivo heart imaging

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 2095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Vinegoni ◽  
Sungon Lee ◽  
Paolo Fumene Feruglio ◽  
Pasquina Marzola ◽  
Matthias Nahrendorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Motion Artifact ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Heart Imaging ◽  
Noise Ratio

scholarly journals Self-Reset Image Sensor With a Signal-to-Noise Ratio Over 70 dB and Its Application to Brain Surface Imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanet Pakpuwadon ◽  
Kiyotaka Sasagawa ◽  
Mark Christian Guinto ◽  
Yasumi Ohta ◽  
Makito Haruta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Activity ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Image Sensor ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Unstable State ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Compact Size ◽  
Noise Ratio

In this study, we propose a complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor with a self-resetting system demonstrating a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to detect small intrinsic signals such as a hemodynamic reaction or neural activity in a mouse brain. The photodiode structure was modified from N-well/P-sub to P+/N-well/P-sub to increase the photodiode capacitance to reduce the number of self-resets required to decrease the unstable stage. Moreover, our new relay board was used for the first time. As a result, an effective SNR of over 70 dB was achieved within the same pixel size and fill factor. The unstable state was drastically reduced. Thus, we will be able to detect neural activity. With its compact size, this device has significant potential to become an intrinsic signal detector in freely moving animals. We also demonstrated in vivo imaging with image processing by removing additional noise from the self-reset operation.

Visualizing cellular sodium hydrosulfite (Na2S2O4) using azo-based fluorescent probes with a high signal-to-noise ratio

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 730-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoli Dong ◽  
Wenhui Song ◽  
Xiuqi Kong ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Weiying Lin
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Fluorescent Probes ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Sodium Hydrosulfite ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Noise Ratio

Developing a reliable method to detect Na2S2O4 in real time is of great importance for the in-depth study of its toxicity to humans and to allow it to be safely handled.

scholarly journals Towards HCP-Style Macaque Connectomes: 24-Channel 3T Multi-Array Coil, MRI Sequences and Preprocessing

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joonas A. Autio ◽  
Matthew F. Glasser ◽  
Takayuki Ose ◽  
Chad J. Donahue ◽  
Matteo Bastiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parallel Imaging ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
High Signal ◽  
List Type ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Considerable Promise ◽  
Human Connectome Project ◽  
Noise Ratio

AbstractMacaque monkeys are an important model species for understanding cortical organization of primates, yet tools and methods for noninvasive image acquisition (e.g. MRI RF coils and pulse sequence protocols) and image data preprocessing have lagged behind those developed for humans. To resolve the structural and functional characteristics of the relatively thin macaque cortex, high spatial, temporal, and angular resolutions are required while maintaining high signal-to-noise ratio to ensure good image quality. To address these challenges, we developed a macaque 24-channel receive coil for 3-T MRI with parallel imaging capabilities. This coil enabled adaptation of the Human Connectome Project (HCP) image acquisition protocols to the macaque brain. We also adapted HCP preprocessing methods optimized for the macaque brain, including spatial minimal preprocessing of structural, functional MRI (fMRI), and diffusion MRI (dMRI). The coil provided high signal-to-noise ratio and high efficiency in data acquisition, allowing four- and five-fold acceleration for dMRI and fMRI, respectively. Automated parcellation of cortex, reconstruction of cortical surface, removal of artefacts and nuisance signals in fMRI, and distortion correction of dMRI performed well, and the overall quality of basic neurobiological measures was comparable with those for the HCP. The resulting HCP-style in vivo macaque MRI data show considerable promise for analyzing cortical architecture and functional and structural connectivity using advanced methods that have previously only been available for humans.Highlights➢24-channel 3T MR receive coil designed for the smaller macaque brain.➢In vivo macaque imaging protocols adapted according to guidelines from the HCP.➢Parallel imaging yields five- and four-fold acceleration in fMRI and dMRI sampling.➢HCP’s minimal preprocessing and denoising pipelines adapted for macaques.➢The multi-modal MRI data show considerable promise for HCP-style analyses.

Narrow-frequency sharp-angular filters using all-dielectric cascaded meta-gratings

Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3443-3450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Nan Liu ◽  
Rui Chen ◽  
Wei-Yi Shi ◽  
Ke-Bo Zeng ◽  
Fu-Li Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Incident Angle ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Transmission Peak ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Waveguide Array ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Center Wavelength ◽  
Noise Ratio

AbstractSelective transmission or filtering always responds to either frequency or incident angle, so as hardly to maximize signal-to-noise ratio in communication, detection and sensing. Here, we propose compact meta-filters of narrow-frequency sharp-angular transmission peak along with broad omnidirectional reflection sidebands, in all-dielectric cascaded subwavelength meta-gratings. The inherent collective resonance of waveguide-array modes and thin film approximation of meta-grating are employed as the design strategy. A unity transmission peak, locating at the incident angle of 44.4° and the center wavelength of 1550 nm, is demonstrated in a silicon meta-filter consisting of two-layer silicon rectangular meta-grating. These findings provide possibilities in cascaded meta-gratings spectroscopic design and alternative utilities for high signal-to-noise ratio applications in focus-free spatial filtering and anti-noise systems in telecommunications.

scholarly journals Low-dose, phase-contrast mammography with high signal-to-noise ratio

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas B. Gromann ◽  
Dirk Bequé ◽  
Kai Scherer ◽  
Konstantin Willer ◽  
Lorenz Birnbacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Noise Ratio

Research on LIFT Technology for 3D Seismic Denoising in Coalfield

2014 ◽  
Vol 556-562 ◽  
pp. 6328-6331
Author(s):  
Su Zhen Shi ◽  
Yi Chen Zhao ◽  
Li Biao Yang ◽  
Yao Tang ◽  
Juan Li
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
High Signal ◽  
3D Seismic ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Denoising Method ◽  
Seismic Processing ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Noise Data ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
Effective Signal

The LIFT technology has applied in process of denoising to ensure the imaging precision of minor faults and structure in 3D coalfield seismic processing. The paper focused on the denoising process in two study areas where the LIFT technology is used. The separation of signal and noise is done firstly. Then denoising would be done in the noise data. The Data of weak effective signal that is from the noise data could be blended with the original effective signal to reconstruct the denoising data, so the result which has high signal-to-noise ratio and preserved amplitude is acquired. Thus the fact shows that LIFT is an effective denoising method for 3D seismic in coalfield and could be used widely in other work area.

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