Congenital Perilymphatic Fistula: Computed Tomography Appearance of Middle Ear and Inner Ear Anomalies

1994 ◽  
Vol 111 (3P1) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane L. Weissman ◽  
Peter C. Weber ◽  
Charles D. Bluestone
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Round Window ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Perilymphatic Fistula ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Ear Anomalies ◽  
Tomography Appearance

Congenital perilymphatic fistula is an abnormal communication between the inner ear and middle ear. Inner ear anomalies have been described on computed tomography scans. Middle ear anomalies have been found at surgery; the most frequent are anomalies of the stapes and round window. This retrospective study describes the appearance of the inner and middle ear on computed tomography scans, and of the middle ear at surgery, in 10 patients (15 ears) in whom perilymphatic fistula was found at surgery. Twelve of 15 stapes were abnormal at surgery; 4 of these 12 (33%) could be seen on computed tomography scans. Two stapes normal at surgery were normal on computed tomography. Three round windows were abnormal at surgery; none of these was seen on computed tomography scans. There were also four dysplastic cochleas, four dysplastic vestibules, and three dilated vestibular aqueducts. Computed tomography scans identified an abnormal inner ear, middle ear, or both in 8 (53%) of the 15 ears with perilymphatic fistula. An inner ear or middle ear anomaly on computed tomography may heighten clinical suspicion of congenital perilymphatic fistula.

Stapediovestibular dislocation with pneumolabyrinth

2007 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Nishiike ◽  
Y Hyo ◽  
H Fukushima
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Penetrating Trauma ◽  
Oval Window ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Perilymphatic Fistula ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans

AbstractTraumatic luxation of the stapes into the vestibule is a rare entity, and the disease complicated with pneumolabyrinth is extremely rare. We report the case of a 72-year-old woman with pneumolabyrinth associated with a stapediovestibular dislocation. The patient presented with vertigo and nystagmus following penetrating trauma to the middle ear. High resolution computed tomography scans demonstrated air in the vestibule and dislocation of the stapes. Exploratory tympanotomy demonstrated oozing of the perilymph from the oval window and depression of the stapes into the vestibule. Pneumolabyrinth and stapes luxation detected by high resolution computed tomography should be predictive of a perilymphatic fistula.

A volumetric three-dimensional evaluation of invasiveness of an endoscopic and microscopic approach for transmeatal visualisation of the middle ear

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
A H A Baazil ◽  
J G G Dobbe ◽  
E van Spronsen ◽  
F A Ebbens ◽  
F G Dikkers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Endoscopic Approach ◽  
Microscopic Approach ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Objective This study aimed to compare the necessary scutum defect for transmeatal visualisation of middle-ear landmarks between an endoscopic and microscopic approach. Method Human cadaveric heads were used. In group 1, middle-ear landmarks were visualised by endoscope (group 1 endoscopic approach) and subsequently by microscope (group 1 microscopic approach following endoscopy). In group 2, landmarks were visualised solely microscopically (group 2 microscopic approach). The amount of resected bone was evaluated via computed tomography scans. Results In the group 1 endoscopic approach, a median of 6.84 mm3 bone was resected. No statistically significant difference (Mann–Whitney U test, p = 0.163, U = 49.000) was found between the group 1 microscopic approach following endoscopy (median 17.84 mm3) and the group 2 microscopic approach (median 20.08 mm3), so these were combined. The difference between the group 1 endoscopic approach and the group 1 microscopic approach following endoscopy plus group 2 microscopic approach (median 18.16 mm3) was statistically significant (Mann–Whitney U test, p < 0.001, U = 18.000). Conclusion This study showed that endoscopic transmeatal visualisation of middle-ear landmarks preserves more of the bony scutum than a microscopic transmeatal approach.

Role of Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in detecting the Prevalence of inner ear anomalies among cochlear implant candidates

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Nasser Hussain Zaher ◽  
Tougan Taha Abd El Aziz ◽  
Ahmed Samy Abdelrahman
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Vestibular Aqueduct ◽  
Incomplete Partition ◽  
Ear Anomalies

Abstract Background Hearing loss management using cochlear implants in patients with inner ear anomalies has long been discussed in the otology community. Magnetic resonances imaging (B,/IRI) and Computed tomography (CT) play important roles in the preoperative assessment of inner ear abnormalities such as cochlear nerve deficiency and variant anatomy as these abnormalities may not only affect the decision of the implantation procedure or the patient's prognosis regarding auditory improvement, but also the risk of complications. Objective To examine the prevalence of inner ear anomalies among cochlear implant recipients in patients with congenital sensorineural hearing loss among the pediatric age group in the Demerdash hospital, Ain Shams university using High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and MRI imaging. Methods A retrospective descriptive study over the course of 9 months that included all patients that are candidates for cochlear implant referred to the Radiology department, Ain Shams University Hospitals for a preoperative imaging in the form of CT and VIRI scans. Results CT and MRI scans of 33 patients who had congenital hearing loss and were candidates for cochlear implantation with total 66 ears were reviewed. Inner ear anomalies were identified in 8 patients representing a prevalence (24.2%) with 14 ear diseased. Anomalies were seen bilaterally in 6 patients and unilaterally in 2 patients. Among the 14 diseased ear, 9 ears (64.3%) were seen with incomplete partition Il, 7 ears (50%) were seen with enlarged vestibular aqueduct, 4 ears (28.6%) were seen with cochlear hypoplasia, 3 ears (21.4%) were seen with semicircular canal aplasia, 2 ears (14.3%) were seen with incomplete partition type I, 2 ears (14.3%) were seen with cochlear nerve aplasia, 2 ears with cochlear aplasia (14.3%), I ear (7.1%) was seen with common cavity ear (7.1%) with complete labyrinthine aplasia. Conclusion Prevalence of inner ear anomalies among cochlear implant candidates was 24.2%. This result is consistent with results worldwide and the most common anomalies were Incomplete partition Il and large vestibular aqueduct. Abbreviations Computed tomography (CT), Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), High resolution computed tomography (HRCT), Internal auditory canal (IAC), Cerebellopontine angle (CPA).

scholarly journals Facial nerve anomalies in paediatric cochlear implant candidates: radiological evaluation

2016 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
F B Palabiyik ◽  
K Hacikurt ◽  
Z Yazici
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Ear Anomalies

AbstractBackground:Pre-operative radiological identification of facial nerve anomalies can help prevent intra-operative facial nerve injury during cochlear implantation. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence and configuration of facial nerve anomalies and their concurrence with inner-ear anomalies in cochlear implant candidates.Methods:Inner-ear and concomitant facial nerve anomalies were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging and temporal high-resolution computed tomography in 48 children with congenital sensorineural hearing loss who were cochlear implant candidates.Results:Inner-ear anomalies were present in 11 out of 48 patients (23 per cent) and concomitant facial nerve anomalies were present on 7 sides in 4 patients (7 per cent of the total). Facial nerve anomalies were accompanied by cochlear or vestibular malformation.Conclusion:Potential facial nerve abnormalities should always be considered in patients with inner-ear anomalies. Pre-operative facial nerve imaging can increase the surgeon's confidence to plan and perform cochlear implantation. Magnetic resonance imaging should be used to detect inner-ear anomalies; if these are identified, temporal high-resolution computed tomography should be used to evaluate the facial nerve.

Common drugs used in ENT

2009 ◽  
pp. 347-350
Author(s):  
Rogan Corbridge ◽  
Nicholas Steventon
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Round Window ◽  
Acid Reflux ◽  
Tympanic Membrane Perforation ◽  
Active Infection ◽  
Middle Ear Mucosa ◽  
Membrane Perforation

Drugs used in the ear 348 Drugs used in the nose 349 Drugs used in the treatment of acid reflux 350 This group of drugs is widely used for the treatment of otitis externa. Otitis externa 2 drops tds for 10 days Presence of grommet or tympanic membrane perforation due to aminoglycoside ototoxicity in the inner ear. Risk thought to be low in the presence of active infection where the middle-ear mucosa is swollen and the antibiotic is unlikely to reach the inner ear via the round window...

scholarly journals Readjustment of abdominal computed tomography protocols in a university hospital: impact on radiation dose

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 292-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Francisco Tavares Romano ◽  
Priscila Silveira Salvadori ◽  
Lucas Rios Torres ◽  
Elisa Almeida Sathler Bretas ◽  
Daniel Bekhor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Abdominal Ct ◽  
Abdominal Computed Tomography ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Tomography Scan

AbstractObjective:To assess the reduction of estimated radiation dose in abdominal computed tomography following the implementation of new scan protocols on the basis of clinical suspicion and of adjusted images acquisition parameters.Materials and Methods:Retrospective and prospective review of reports on radiation dose from abdominal CT scans performed three months before (group A – 551 studies) and three months after (group B – 788 studies) implementation of new scan protocols proposed as a function of clinical indications. Also, the images acquisition parameters were adjusted to reduce the radiation dose at each scan phase. The groups were compared for mean number of acquisition phases, mean CTDIvol per phase, mean DLP per phase, and mean DLP per scan.Results:A significant reduction was observed for group B as regards all the analyzed aspects, as follows: 33.9%, 25.0%, 27.0% and 52.5%, respectively for number of acquisition phases, CTDIvol per phase, DLP per phase and DLP per scan (p < 0.001).Conclusion:The rational use of abdominal computed tomography scan phases based on the clinical suspicion in conjunction with the adjusted images acquisition parameters allows for a 50% reduction in the radiation dose from abdominal computed tomography scans.

Perilymphatic fistula of the round window after whiplash injury: another cause of inner ear conductive hearing loss

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 822-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Markou ◽  
D. Rachovitsas ◽  
K. Veros ◽  
G. Tsiropoulos ◽  
M. Tsalighopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Whiplash Injury ◽  
Conductive Hearing Loss ◽  
Round Window ◽  
Perilymphatic Fistula ◽  
Conductive Hearing

scholarly journals A Case of Perilymphatic Fistula with Inner Ear Anomaly Diagnosed Preoperatively by the Cochlin-Tomoprotein Detection Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Kana Lee ◽  
Naoki Ochi ◽  
Kohei Yamahara ◽  
Kunihiko Makino ◽  
Tetsuo Ikezono
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Sudden Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Fistula Repair ◽  
Perilymphatic Fistula ◽  
Ear Anomalies ◽  
Inner Ear Anomaly

We present a case of perilymphatic fistula (PLF) with inner ear anomalies having sudden, progressive sensorineural hearing loss and describe the fistula repair surgeries. We focus on the diagnosis methods of PLF and clinical course of PLF with inner ear anomaly. The cochlin-tomoprotein (CTP) detection test is very useful for the surgeons to encourage the earlier operation to sudden hearing loss cases. It is also helpful to define the diagnosis of PLF after operation. We could not get the good result as to hearing from the fistula repair surgery mainly because surgery was held 1 month after the onset. The results of the case, as well as recommendations of other reports, suggest that patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss and PLF may need repair surgery within at most 2 weeks from the onset. We describe how to diagnose PLF more accurately using CTP detection combined with intraoperative findings.

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