Assimilation of the Puerto Ricans on the Mainland

1968 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-39
Author(s):  
John J. Macisco
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Puerto Ricans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Labor Force Status ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
First And Second Generation

Social scientists have repeatedly tried to specify the process whereby assimilation takes place. This article points out the value of socio-demographic analysis in the study of assimilation, by describing the characteristics of Puerto Ricans on the United States mainland. In order to assess the direction of change between the first and second generation Puerto Ricans, data for the total United States population are also presented. Most of the data are drawn from the 1960 Census. First generation Puerto Ricans are compared with the second generation along the following dimensions: age, education, labor force status, income, occupation, age at first marriage, percent outgroup marriage and fertility. The Author concludes that second generation Puerto Ricans are moving in the direction of total United States averages.

Class Actions in Historical and Comparative Perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-48
Author(s):  
Michael Molavi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Class Actions ◽  
Generation Regime ◽  
First And Second Generation

This chapter outlines the historical and comparative context of class actions that have developed since their modern origins in the United States. It traces the development of the United States as a first generation regime, followed by Canada and Australia as second generation regimes. It also examines the recent efforts to institute collective mechanisms and the ways in which these developments have progressed. The chapter focuses on first and second generation regimes for comparative insights in order to understand their influencing developments in England and Wales as a third generation regime. It illuminates and situates developments in a broader historical and comparative perspective to provide a better sense of the lineage of the vehicle and the extent to which extant developments in England and Wales are falling short of their access to justice potential.

Time-varying associations of racial discrimination and adjustment among Chinese-heritage adolescents in the United States and Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 1661-1678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda P. Juang ◽  
Yishan Shen ◽  
Catherine L. Costigan ◽  
Yang Hou
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Age Related ◽  
First And Second Generation

AbstractThe aim of our study was twofold: to examine (a) whether the link between racial discrimination and adjustment showed age-related changes across early to late adolescence for Chinese-heritage youth and (b) whether the age-related associations of the discrimination–adjustment link differed by gender, nativity, and geographical region. We pooled two independently collected longitudinal data sets in the United States and Canada (N = 498, ages 12–19 at Wave 1) and used time-varying effect modeling to show that discrimination is consistently associated with poorer adjustment across all ages. These associations were stronger at certain ages, but for males and females, first- and second-generation adolescents, and US and Canadian adolescents they differed. There were stronger relations between discrimination and adjustment in early adolescence for males compared to females, in middle adolescence for first-generation compared to second-generation adolescents, and in early adolescence for US adolescents compared to Canadian adolescents. In general, negative implications for adjustment associated with discrimination diminished across the span of adolescence for females, second-generation, and US and Canadian adolescents, but not for males or first-generation adolescents. The results show that the discrimination–adjustment link must be considered with regard to age, gender, nativity, and region, and that attention to discrimination in early adolescence may be especially important.

Religion, Social Incorporation, and Civic Engagement among Generations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prema A. Kurien
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Racial Identity ◽  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Civic Participation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Immigrant Generation ◽  
Intergenerational Differences ◽  
First And Second Generation

Chapter 5 shows how negotiations and disagreements between generations shape the civic engagement of Mar Thoma American congregations in the United States and India. Recent studies have demonstrated that participation in religious institutions facilitates the civic incorporation of contemporary immigrants. These studies have focused on either the immigrant generation or on the second generation. In one way or another, these studies indicate that concepts of identity and of religious obligation play an important role in motivating civic participation. Not surprisingly, given the different models of religion of immigrants and their children, definitions of community and their perceived Christian obligations toward this community varied between first- and second-generation Mar Thomites. There are no academic studies that examine how intergenerational differences in the understanding of religious and racial identity affect the civic engagement of multigenerational congregations. This is important to understand, however, as most religious institutions of contemporary immigrants are multigenerational.

Parental Involvement among First- and Second-generation Latin Americans in the United States

2020 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2094855
Author(s):  
Karen Z. Kramer ◽  
Esra Şahin ◽  
Qiujie Gong
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
American Time Use Survey ◽  
American Immigrant ◽  
Time Use Survey ◽  
First And Second Generation

Immigration to a host culture often involves significant changes in parenting norms and behaviors. The authors take an acculturation lens to explore parental involvement among different generations of Latin American immigrant families. It compares the quantity and type of parental involvement of first- and second-generation Latin American immigrants to that of parents who are at least a third generation in the United States while examining whether differences exist between mothers and fathers. Data from the 2003–2013 American Time Use Survey are used for our analyses, which finds differences between parenting behaviors of first-generation immigrants from Latin America and third-generation parents. Second-generation mothers were also found to be significantly different from third-generation mothers in almost every type of parental involvement, while second-generation Latin American fathers were similar to third-generation fathers in quantity and type of parental involvement.

The New Second Generation in the United States

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 669-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reynolds Farley ◽  
Richard Alba
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
American Heritage ◽  
Occupational Achievement

Immigration to the United States accelerated in the late 1960s. Since many migrants are young people who form families shortly after arrival, there is now a large and rapidly growing second generation - many of them now young adults who recently completed school and started their careers. There is much speculation about whether this second generation will assimilate into the middle class rapidly or form a new urban underclass. The last census to ask parental birthplace questions was 1970, so an absence of data precluded testing hypotheses about the social and economic progress of the new second generation. In 1994, the Census Bureau returned an inquiry about parental birthplace to the Current Population Survey so there is now an annual national sample of about 16,000 second-generation Americans. Data from the 1998 and 2000 surveys were pooled and analyzed. This investigation demonstrates that these comprehensive new data provide valuable descriptive information about today's second generation and permit the cautious testing of hypotheses concerning social and economic assimilation. They reveal a great diversity among the second generation depending upon country of origin but, in most comparisons, today's second generation exceed their first-generation parents in educational attainment, occupational achievement and economic status. In many comparisons, second-generation groups have educational attainments exceeding those of third- and higher-generation whites and African Americans. These data refute the hypothesis that today's second generation will languish in poverty. Nevertheless, intergenerational progress was less for persons of Puerto Rican and Mexican heritage than for those of Asian, European or South American heritage.

Meditation and Awakening in the American Vipassana Network

2019 ◽  
pp. 111-138
Author(s):  
Ann Gleig
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Buddhist Modernism ◽  
Vipassana Meditation ◽  
First And Second Generation ◽  
Oriented Approach

Certain patterns have developed around meditation and enlightenment, or awakening, as many prefer to call it, in the American Insight network. Network here is defined as a loose affiliation of individuals and communities that prioritize Vipassana meditation as their central practice and trace their immediate Buddhist roots to Burmese and Thai Theravadin lineages. One current network emphasizes a more relational and integrative orientation toward meditation and draws significantly on psychotherapeutic discourse. The other stresses a more systematic and goal-oriented approach to awakening and relies heavily on traditional Buddhist canonical and commentarial literature. This chapter traces these currents, across both first- and second-generation convert teachers, highlighting the orientation toward meditation, the preferred style of practice, the gendering of meditation, the understanding of enlightenment, and the strategies of legitimation advanced within each before reflecting on their significance for the unfolding of Buddhist modernism in the United States.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document