Rural Area Emotional Disturbance Service Delivery: Problems and Future Directions

1983 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Paul L. Beare ◽  
Evelyn C. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Emotional Disturbance ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Directors Of Special Education ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
The Status ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

This study investigated the status of Emotional Disturbance (ED) service delivery in rural and urban areas of three midwestern states. Information was gathered from directors of special education. Urban and rural areas were compared on level and types of services, and training and license of the involved teachers. Additional data were collected concerning the directors' perception of service delivery problems and solutions. Generally, rural areas were found to have more severe problems than urban areas in service delivery. Suggestions were offered to help alleviate delivery problems.

Rural Area Emotional Disturbance Service Delivery: Problems and Future Directions

1983 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul L. Beare ◽  
Evelyn C. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Emotional Disturbance ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Directors Of Special Education ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
The Status ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

This study investigated the status of Emotional Disturbance (ED) service delivery in rural and urban areas of three midwestern states. Information was gathered from directors of special education. Urban and rural areas were compared on level and types of services, and training and license of the involved teachers. Additional data were collected concerning the directors' perception of service delivery problems and solutions. Generally, rural areas were found to have more severe problems than urban areas in service delivery. Suggestions were offered to help alleviate delivery problems.

Women in the Medical Field in India

2020 ◽  
pp. 230-236
Author(s):  
Monica Sivakumar
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Status ◽  
Endurance Testing ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Testing Field

There is a vast difference in the status of women in the medical field in India as compared to the West. However, much progress has been made in the past two decades at least in the urban areas. There is a tremendous disparity in the rural and urban areas when it comes to the number of women who enter this field. The urban areas are almost on par with the western standards at present. Despite having so many women who are leaders in the field, the situation in rural India remains desolate. Many hopes are dashed and much talent is wasted as societal interference, early marriages, and poor socio-economic status make it extremely difficult for the women in the semi-urban and rural areas to enter this lengthy and endurance-testing field. The patriarchal nature of the society, ancient customs, and inability to adapt to modern times are some of the common reasons that so few women enter this field.

Komparácia pro-poor rastu vo vidieckych a mestských oblastiach Indonézie

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbora Frličková
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Poverty And Inequality ◽  
Partial Period ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

The paper analyses construction and use of a selected indicator of pro-poor growth – the rate of pro-poor growth. It further explains the interpretation of this indicator in absolute and relative terms and indicates how economic growth affects poverty and inequality. The selected indicator is applied to the example of Indonesia and compares pro-poor growth in urban and rural areas of the country, examines regional disparities in terms of pro-poor growth for the period 1996–2019. From the absolute interpretation, pro-poor growth is observed in both urban and rural areas over the whole period. In relative terms, results of pro-poor growth for the first partial period (1996–2000) differ. While there was a relative pro-poor growth in the rural areas, there was a strong pro-poor growth in the cities with a significant decline in inequality observed (incomes of poor people increased while the average income of the whole population dropped). Indonesia achieved trickle-down growth in both rural and urban areas in two remaining periods (2000–2010 and 2010–2019).

scholarly journals The Quality of Life of Coronavirus Disease Survivors Living in Rural and Urban Area of Riau Province, Indonesia

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Suyanto Suyanto ◽  
Shashi Kandel ◽  
Rahmat Azhari Kemal ◽  
Arfianti Arfianti
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Status ◽  
Rural And Urban Area

This study assesses the status of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among coronavirus survivors living in rural and urban districts in Riau province, Indonesia. The cross-sectional study was conducted among 468 and 285 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) survivors living in rural and urban areas, respectively in August 2021. The St. George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) was used to measure the HRQOL of COVID-19 survivors. A higher total score domain corresponds to worse quality of life status. Quantile regression with the respect to 50th percentile found a significant association for the factors living in rural areas, being female, having comorbidities, and being hospitalized during treatment, with total score of 4.77, 2.43, 7.22, and 21.27 higher than in their contra parts, respectively. Moreover, having received full vaccination had the score 3.96 in total score. The HRQOL of COVID-19 survivors living in rural areas was significantly lower than in urban areas. Factors such as living in rural areas, female sex, having comorbidities, and history of symptomatic COVID-19 infection were identified as significant predictors for lower quality of life. Meanwhile, having full vaccination is a significant predictor for a better quality of life. The results of this study can provide the targeted recommendations for improvement of HRQOL of COVID-19 survivors.

scholarly journals ALS Curriculum Implementation for Juvenile Delinquents in Urban and Rural Areas in the Philippines: A Comparative Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Vandon Borela
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Alternative Learning ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Purpose: The aim of this research study is to evaluate the implementation of Alternative Learning System (ALS) curriculum offered to juvenile delinquents in urban and rural areas in the Philippines. The study also aims to determine whether the current education programs meet the needs of the juvenile delinquents with reference to Juvenile delinquency acts. The study is an attempt to highlight the aspects of Alternative Learning System (ALS) that should be developed.  Approach/Methodology/Design: The study is qualitative and conducted in Marikina City and Rizal province, the Philippines. This study used exploratory study analysis. The respondents are the Alternative Learning System (ALS) teachers. For data collection, three semi-structured interviews were employed and the respondents’ answers were categorized using analytical coding to compare and analyze the implementation of the ALS curriculum for juvenile delinquents. Findings: The interpretation and analysis of the data collected shows that the ALS teachers from both the rural and urban areas have the same experiences on the implementation of the ALS program for juvenile delinquents in terms of curriculum, instruction and assessment. Furthermore, the teachers gave an emphasis that once the juvenile delinquents undergo the program, they are given a new hope and new direction in life to pursue their dreams. Lastly, the teachers from both areas have the same suggestions for the improvement of the implementation of the program, such as additional funds for the development of quality learning materials, increasing the number of learning centers, and designing various forms of assessment.  Practical Implications: The study will contribute positively to the understanding of Alternative learning System. The significance of this study lies in the comparison of the alternative learning system curriculum and how it is implemented to the juvenile delinquents in urban and in rural areas. Originality/value: This study engages ALS teachers in assessing the ALS curriculum, reflecting actual experiences to meet the expectations and needs of the juvenile delinquents.

scholarly journals The Influence of Information Services on Public Transport Behavior of Urban and Rural Residents

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5454
Author(s):  
Xuemei Zhou ◽  
Jiahui Liang ◽  
Xiangfeng Ji ◽  
Caitlin Cottrill
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Transport Behavior ◽  
Urban And Rural Residents ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Rural and urban areas are mainly connected by public transport in China. The characteristics of the trips of local residents in rural and urban areas are different; therefore, the demand for public transport information services is different. Based on the revealed data, a structural equation model is applied to examine the critical factors affecting the behavior of urban and rural residents in choosing public transport in the Beidaihe District, Qinhuangdao City, China. The effect of information service factors on public transport behavior of urban and rural residents is obtained. The influence level of public transport information service on public transport behavior of urban and rural residents before and during travel is discussed. This study provides valuable insights to improving public transport services between urban and rural areas of China, which can attract more residents to use public transport and promotes sustainable development between urban and rural areas.

scholarly journals The Effect of Location on the Value of Ornamental Trees Using the Example of a Green Space in Lublin

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Eugenia Czernyszewicz ◽  
Małgorzata Szymańska ◽  
Beata Żuraw ◽  
Katarzyna Leziak
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Health Resort ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Historic Areas ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Ornamental Trees

Abstract This paper examines and identifies, using a specific example, how the location of trees influences their value. For the valuation of trees outside a forest area, appraisers often employ methods recommended for estimating forest stands, which significantly reduces the value of trees and valued properties. The tree-valuation method developed by SZCZEPANOWSKA et al. (2010) was used in our study. First, we compiled an inventory of trees located on plots intended for expropriation. The study covered all specimens with trunk circumferences of over 25 centimetres, which amounted to a total of 76 trees. We considered the value of the trees in the conditions of the actual location, which means that our calculations included house gardens in the city and the values of the same trees in hypothetical growth conditions: tree stands in rural and urban areas, green spaces in urban and rural areas, housing estates, roads and streets (both urban and rural), and historic areas, health resorts and health-resort protection zones. Our study has shown that the tree valuation method based on differentiating coefficients is a very useful tool for establishing the value of trees in outlying areas.

scholarly journals Functional links between rural and urban areas in the territory of the city of Banja Luka and the perspective of their development

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-62
Author(s):  
Milan Tomić ◽  
Sandra Rover ◽  
Bojan Pejović ◽  
Nina Uremović
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Urban Center ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Political Dimensions ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Banja Luka

Different types of interactions between rural and urban areas have the effect of improving economic, social, cultural and political dimensions in both areas, separating these two areas by their type of activity. Rural and urban types of regions have different resources and means that can be used in a complementary way. In rural-urban interaction there is a possibility of occurrence of conflict of interest of these two areas. This kind of conflict should be overcome when applying the partnership approach between rural and urban areas. The types of rural areas, depending on the proximity of the urban center and the functions of these areas, are divided into suburban, agricultural and remote type areas. By determining the functions of each type of area, the type and intensity of the interactions of rural areas with the urban center are presented. Rural entrepreneurs are able to bridge rural-urban differences, possessing certain market knowledge and descriptions of the characteristics of urban environments, while benefiting from their position. Rural entrepreneurs' interaction with the urban environment can contribute to sustainable economic relations between citizens in urban and rural areas. This paper presents the results of research related to determining the functions of certain areas, their strengths, unused and utilized resources, the frequency of interaction with the urban environment and the perspectives of suburban, agricultural and remote type areas in the context of interaction with the urban environment.

scholarly journals Dispatcher-Assisted Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Disparity between Urban and Rural Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yen-Chin Chen ◽  
Shao-Hua Yu ◽  
Wei-Jen Chen ◽  
Li-Chi Huang ◽  
Chih-Yu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spontaneous Circulation ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Taichung City ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Utstein Style ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Object. To compare the provision and effectiveness of dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DACPR) in rural and urban areas. Methods. Patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) were prospectively registered in Taichung. The 29 districts of Taichung city were divided into urban and rural areas based on whether the population density is more than 1,000 people per square kilometer. Prehospital data were collected according to the Utstein-style template, and telephone auditory records were collected by a dispatch center. Results. 2,716 patients were enrolled during the study period. 88.4% OHCA occurred in urban areas and 11.6% in rural areas. 74.9% after dispatcher assistance, laypersons performed CPR in urban areas and 67.7% in rural areas (p=0.023). The proportion of laypersons continued CPR until an emergency medical technician’s (EMT) arrival was higher in the urban areas (59.57% vs 52.27%, p=0.039). Laypersons continued CPR until an EMT’ arrival would increase the chance of return of spontaneous circulation in urban and rural areas, with adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 1.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.82–1.27, and aOR of 1.49, 95% CI of 0.80–2.80, respectively. Continued laypersons CPR until the EMT’ arrival also improved survival with favorable neurological function, with aOR of 1.16, 95% CI of 0.61–2.20 in urban areas and aOR of 2.90 95% CI of 0.18–46.81 in rural areas. Conclusion. Bystanders in urban areas exhibited higher ratio of acceptance of DACPR. However, after DACPR intervention, prognosis improvement was considerably higher in rural areas than in urban areas.

scholarly journals Differences in maternal mortality between urban and rural areas: Analysis of  Maternal Mortality based in Jinan, China in 1995- 2018

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihua Zhang ◽  
Tingting Zhen ◽  
Qinyou Meng ◽  
Shimin Yang ◽  
Jiaxue Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Maternal Death ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Abstract Background: Although a large number of studies have shown that maternal mortality in rural areas is higher than that in urban areas, few reports discussed about the detailed situation and the behind causes. Here, we summarized the maternal mortality from 1995 to 2018 in Jinan and the reason behind it was deeply discussed. It is expected to reveal the difference and its behind reasons, thus providing a basis for policy makers to develop interventions. Methods: Data about maternal mortality in the selected city from 1995 to 2018 were collected through the local maternal and child health care network. Maternal death age, maternal death delivery location, maternal death location, number of pregnancies, number of deliveries and maternal death causes were analyzed. The composition ratio of above factors were compared in order to indicate the differences between rural areas and urban areas. Results: The study showed that 75.34% of maternal deaths in urban areas occurred in tertiary hospitals, which were 2.13 times higher than that in rural areas(P<0.05). 16.67% of maternal deaths in rural areas delivered in primary hospitals, which were 12.17 times higher than that in urban areas (P<0.05) . The main cause of death in rural areas were attributed to direct obstetrics reasons, which were indirect obstetric reasons for urban areas (P<0.05). There was no difference of maternal deaths in the death age, number of births, and number of pregnancies between rural areas and urban areas.(P>0.05) Conclusion: Policy makers should focus on the construction of medical institutions in rural areas, the improvement of rescue capabilities in rural areas and the convenience of transport in rural areas in order to narrow the gap between rural and urban areas. Key words: Maternal Mortality; Differences between urban and rural areas; China

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