Morphological Changes in Lipodermatosclerosis and Venous Ulcers: Light Microscopy, Immunohistochemistry and Electron Microscopy

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tronnier ◽  
W. Schmeller ◽  
H. H. Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Type Iv Collagen ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Venous Ulceration ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Venous Ulcers

Objectives: To demonstrate morphological changes in lipodermatosclerosis (LDS) and venous ulcers by histology, immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy and immunoelectron microscopy. Design: Single patient group study in patients with trophic skin changes in chronic venous insufficiency. Setting: Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Lübeck. Patients: Ten patients with venous leg ulcers. Interventions: Biopsies were taken from areas of LDS and compared with clinically normal-appearing skin of the affected leg and with ulcer tissue. Main outcome measures: Comparison of the morphological features on light and electron microscopy. Results: Superficial dermis. Histologically, the ulcer tissue and LDS skin show dilated tortuous vessels in a glomerulus-like arrangement in the superficial parts of the dermis. Ultrastructurally, the superficial vessels are surrounded by a cuff, which contains amorphous and basal membrane material and is most pronounced in LDS. Immunofluorescence studies reveal ill-defined perivascular staining after incubation with antibodies against fibrin(ogen), laminin and type IV collagen. The exact ultrastructural localization of type IV collagen within the perivascular cuff is observed by immunoelectron microscopy. Deep dermis. In deeper parts of the dermis, the vessels of both ulcer tissue and LDS are surrounded by cellular cuffs with pericytes, fibroblasts and compact collagen bundles. Conclusions: We suggest that the severe morphological changes in LDS and ulcer tissue play an important role in the pathogenesis of venous ulceration.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Value of Type IV Collagen Expression in Renal Glomeruli at Alport’s Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
M. E. Aksenova ◽  
P. E. Povilaitite ◽  
N. E. Konkova ◽  
V. V. Dlin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Type Iv Collagen ◽  
Immunohistochemical Study ◽  
Immunohistochemical Method ◽  
Alport's Syndrome ◽  
Alport’S Syndrome ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Renal Glomeruli ◽  
Syndrome Diagnosis

The Alport’s syndrome is the hereditary multisystem disease characterized by the development of the progressive nephropathy. The early diagnosis and subsequent prescription of nephroprotective therapy improves significantly the nephrological prognosis. Purpose of the Study. Determine the value of the immunohistochemical method for the Alport’s syndrome diagnosis. Material and methods. The clinical, laboratory and morphological data of 35 patients with suspected Alport’s syndrome (13 years of age [11; 16]; 18 boys and 17 girls) examined in the Nephrology Department in 2013–2019 were summarized. The study of the renal tissue included the light, immunofluorescence, electron microscopy of the kidney biopsy sample, determination of the expression of α1, α3 and α5 chains of type IV collagen in the renal glomeruli using the immunohistochemical method; the genetic testing was carried out for 26 patients. The children were divided into groups depending on the glomerular expression of α5 chain of type IV collagen: normal (group 1, n=18), decreased (group 2, n=4), negative (group 3, n=13). Results are as the following: The disorder of the expression of α5 chain was detected in ¾ (q = 0.78) patients with genetically confirmed Alport’s syndrome and in almost all children with the X-linked variant of the disease (q = 0.94). Results. Based on the genetic testing, the Alport’s syndrome was confirmed in ¼ of the children of the 1st group (the children with the heterozygous variants of COL4A3, COL4A5 genes) and in all children of the 2nd and 3rd groups (COL4A5 variants). The sensitivity/ specificity of the immunohistochemical study for the Alport’s syndrome diagnosis was 78% /100%, that of the electron microscopy – 93% /87%. The predictive value of the positive/negative result of the immunohistochemical study was 100% /66%, that of the electron microscopy – 95% / 88% compared with 100% / 88% with the combine use of two methods. Conclusion. The determination of the expression of α5 chain of type IV collagen in the renal glomeruli has the independent diagnostic value, but it is inferior to the electron microscopy in the heterozygous variants of the Alport’s syndrome. The high specificity of the immunohistochemical method makes it possible to confirm the Alport’s syndrome in the case of the change in the expression of α5 chain of type IV collagen in the renal glomeruli.

scholarly journals Ultrastructural analysis of the spermatogenesis in the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus)

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana S. Simões ◽  
Rose E.G. Rici ◽  
Phelipe O. Favaron ◽  
Taís Harumi de Castro Sasahara ◽  
Rodrigo S.N. Barreto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Sexual Development ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Cavia Porcellus ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Transmission Electron

Abstract: al for both, the establishment of appropriate management systems, and for the use of new species as animal models. In this study, we used light and electron microscopy to characterize the sexual development stages of the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) in specimens of 30, 45 and 90 days of age. We observed the differentiation of spermatocytes only through transmission electron microscopy in the leptotene, zygotene and pachytene phases of meiosis, in 30-day-old animals. During puberty, there was differentiation of the germinative epithelium and formation of the acrosome. Spermatozoa, however, were not detected. Thus, we could infer that puberty happens after 45 days of age. Sexual maturity was evident in 90-day-old specimens. Our results showed that changes in the testicular germinative epithelium during the postnatal sexual development in guinea pig led to morphological changes, including the ones related to the development of Leydig and Sertoli cells, which are directly related to puberty. In this work, we provide new morphological subsidies for a better understanding of reproductive parameters of this species, enabling its use as an animal model in the field of the reproductive biology.

scholarly journals Light and electron microscopy characteristics of the muscle of patients with SURF1 gene mutations associated with Leigh disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 460-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Pronicki ◽  
E Matyja ◽  
D Piekutowska-Abramczuk ◽  
T Szymańska-Dębińska ◽  
A Karkucińska-Więckowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Leigh Syndrome ◽  
Typical Feature ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Consistent Feature ◽  
Muscle Changes

Aims:Leigh syndrome (LS) is characterised by almost identical brain changes despite considerable causal heterogeneity. SURF1 gene mutations are among the most frequent causes of LS. Although deficiency of cytochrome c oxidase (COX) is a typical feature of the muscle in SURF1-deficient LS, other abnormalities have been rarely described. The aim of the present work is to assess the skeletal muscle morphology coexisting with SURF1 mutations from our own research and in the literature.Methods:Muscle samples from 21 patients who fulfilled the criteria of LS and SURF1 mutations (14 homozygotes and 7 heterozygotes of c.841delCT) were examined by light and electron microscopy.Results:Diffuse decreased activity or total deficit of COX was revealed histochemically in all examined muscles. No ragged red fibres (RRFs) were seen. Lipid accumulation and fibre size variability were found in 14 and 9 specimens, respectively. Ultrastructural assessment showed several mitochondrial abnormalities, lipid deposits, myofibrillar disorganisation and other minor changes. In five cases no ultrastructural changes were found. Apart from slight correlation between lipid accumulation shown by histochemical and ultrastructural techniques, no other correlations were revealed between parameters investigated, especially between severity of morphological changes and the patient’s age at the biopsy.Conclusion:Histological and histochemical features of muscle of genetically homogenous SURF1-deficient LS were reproducible in detection of COX deficit. Minor muscle changes were not commonly present. Also, ultrastructural abnormalities were not a consistent feature. It should be emphasised that SURF1-deficient muscle assessed in the light and electron microscopy panel may be interpreted as normal if COX staining is not employed.

scholarly journals Immunocytochemical localization of actin in epithelial cells of rat small intestine by light and electron microscopy.

1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 717-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Hagen ◽  
J S Trier
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Ground Substance ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Filament Bundles ◽  
Lowicryl K4m

We used post-embedding immunocytochemical techniques and affinity-purified anti-actin antibody to evaluate localization of actin in epithelial cells of small intestine by fluorescence and electron microscopy. Small intestine was fixed with 2% formaldehyde-0.1% glutaraldehyde and embedded in Lowicryl K4M. One-micron or thin sections were stained with antibody followed by rhodamine- or colloidal gold-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG, respectively. Label was present overlying microvilli, the apical terminal web, and the cytoplasm directly adjacent to occluding and intermediate junctions. Label was associated with outer mitochondrial membranes of all cells and the supranuclear Golgi region of goblet cells. Lateral cytoplasmic interdigitations between mature cells and subplasmalemmal filaments next to intrusive cells were densely labeled. The cytoplasm adjacent to unplicated domains of lateral membrane was focally labeled. Label was prominent over organized filament bundles within the subplasmalemmal web at the base of mature cells, whereas there was focal labeling of the cytoplasm adjacent to the basal membrane of undifferentiated cells. Basolateral epithelial cell processes were labeled. Label was focally present overlying the cellular ground substance. Our results demonstrate that actin is distributed in a distinctive fashion within intestinal epithelial cells. This distribution suggests that in addition to its function as a structural protein, actin may participate in regulation of epithelial tight junction permeability, in motile processes including migration of cells from the crypt to the villus tip, in accommodation of intrusive intraepithelial cells and in adhesion of cells to one another and to their substratum.

Ultrastructural localization of type IV collagen and laminin in the Disse space of rat liver with carbon tetrachloride induced fibrosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 260-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihide Nakayama ◽  
Terumi Takahara ◽  
Chiharu Miyabayashi ◽  
Hiroyuki Itoh ◽  
Akiharu Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Type Iv Collagen ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Type Iv

Endodermal formation in blastocytes of the marsupials Isoodon macrousus and Perameles nasuta

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
DE Hollis ◽  
AG Lyne
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Outer Surface ◽  
Zona Pellucida ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Didelphis Virginiana ◽  
Continuous Layer ◽  
Shell Membrane ◽  
American Opossum ◽  
Embryonic Region

Eleven embryos, ranging from partly to fully bilaminar blastocysts, were obtained from the bandicoots I. macrourus and P. nasuta and were examined by light and electron microscopy. The morphological changes which occurred during the differentiation of the endoderm and ectoderm are described. The shell membrane was thinner than it was in unilaminar blastocysts and had a deposit of material of irregular thickness on its outer surface. The mucoid coat and zona pellucida were absent or discontinuous. Endoderm formation was first observed in blastocysts about 1.0 mm in diameter. Cells migrated inwards from regions of thickened protoderm to form a continuous layer of similar flattened cells - the endoderm - beneath the protoderm, which then became the ectoderm. The blastocysts were fully bilaminar when they were 1.5-1.9 mm in diameter. At this stage the ectoderm was composed of two distinct regions, an embryonic region of cuboidal cells and a non-embryonic region of flattened cells resembling the cells of the endoderm. The formation of the endoderm in bandicoots closely resembles that described in other marsupials, except the American opossum Didelphis virginiana in which endoderm cells are released into the blastocoele before they form a continuous layer.

scholarly journals Role of type IV collagen and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in remodeling of the left ventricular in coronary artery disease

2019 ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
M. A. Popov ◽  
D. V. Shumakov ◽  
D. I. Zybin ◽  
L. E. Gurevich ◽  
V. E. Ashevskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Type Iv Collagen ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Metalloproteinase 9

Currently, the analysis of the fibrosis severity during the restructuring of the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) is studied in most of the research works devoted to “cardiac remodeling”. At the same time, the role of the basal membrane of cardiomyocytes in heart diseases was not studied. The basal membrane of cardiomyocytes is a highly organized layer of the ECM which is located on the outer side of the sarcolemma. Degradation of ECM components is carried out by different types of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), which have proteolytic activity and are actively involved in the process of ECM remodeling, destroying its components such as collagen, elastin, fibronectin, glycosaminoglycans and other structural components.Aim. To evaluate the ECM status in patients with coronary artery disease and its effect on left ventricular myocardial remodeling.Material and methods. Morphological and immunohistochemical (IHC) examination of left ventricular myocardial biopsies was performed in 16 patients undergoing left ventricular reconstruction in combination with coronary artery bypass grafting.Results. The IHC study revealed the accumulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the cytoplasm of cardiomyocytes. This accumulation was combined with partial or complete destruction of the basal membranes (BM) of cardiomyocytes formed by type IV collagen.Conclusion. Type IV collagen destruction in basal membranes of left ventricular cardiomyocyteswasrevealed. It iscausedbytheactionofmatrixmetalloproteinase-9, which accumulates in the cell cytoplasm.

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