Examining Whether the Social Cognitive Theory Concepts Predict Childhood Obesity Prevention Outcome Expectations

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-151
Author(s):  
Dayna S. Alexander ◽  
Chunhua Cao ◽  
Moya L. Alfonso
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Childhood Obesity Prevention ◽  
The Social

The social cognitive theory (SCT) has been used to explain and promote childhood obesity prevention behaviors. We examined whether the SCT concepts predicted outcome expectations of childhood obesity among the children of African American caregivers. Caregivers ( n  = 128) completed the childhood obesity perceptions paper-based survey. A multiple linear regression was conducted to determine the direct effects of moral disengagement, environment, self-efficacy, and behavioral capability on outcome expectations ( p < .05). A mediation analysis using a bootstrapping bias correction method was used to test whether self-efficacy and behavioral capability mediated the effect of moral disengagement and environment on outcome expectations. Caregivers reported high levels of moral disengagement ( M = 4.13; standard deviation [ SD] = 0.70) and self-efficacy ( M = 4.26; SD = 0.64) and moderate levels of behavioral capability ( M = 2.83; SD = 0.75) and environment ( M = 2.92; SD = 0.74). Findings indicated the hypothesized relationships in the SCT were not fully supported. In addition, the indirect effects of environment on outcome expectations were not statistically significantly mediated by behavioral capability. This research warrants more attention in testing the SCT concepts for the development of childhood obesity prevention efforts that prioritize African American families in rural communities.

scholarly journals Bystanders of bullying: Social-cognitive and affective reactions to school bullying and cyberbullying

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhea-Katharina Knauf ◽  
Heike Eschenbeck ◽  
Michael Hock
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
School Context ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
School Bullying ◽  
Affective Reactions ◽  
Intervention Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference

The Bystander Intervention Model by Latané and Darley (1970) describes the stages necessary for a bystander to intervene in an emergency and can be used to explain bystander behavior in the case of bullying. Social-cognitive and affective reactions to bullying such as empathy with the victim, moral disengagement, feelings of responsibility, defender self-efficacy and outcome expectancy are supposed to determine whether a bystander passes through all stages of the intervention model and are thereby crucial for the behavioral response. These mental reactions were compared between school bullying and cyberbullying in a sample of 486 German students (56% girls, age: M = 12.95) from 28 classes with a newly developed questionnaire covering the five Social-Cognitive and Affective Reactions to Bullying (SCARB) for school context and cyber context separately. Confirmatory factor analysis showed an acceptable fit and internal consistency coefficients were acceptable to good. In line with our hypotheses, for cyberbullying as compared to school bullying students reported higher moral disengagement and lower feelings of responsibility and self-efficacy. However, no significant difference was found for empathy. The level of negative outcome expectations was lower for cyberbullying than for school bullying. Results confirm that the context of bullying matters for the social-cognitive and affective reactions of bystanders.

Career Self-Efficacy, Career Outcome Expectations and Vocational Interests among Japanese University Students

2004 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Adachi
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Vocational Interests ◽  
Japanese University ◽  
The Social ◽  
Career Model ◽  
Vocational Preference

The Social Cognitive Career Model proposes that career interests arise from beliefs about capability to execute a course of activity (self-efficacy), and beliefs about the consequences of performing particular activities (outcome expectations). In our study, 301 Japanese university students were given questionnaires including the Vocational Preference Inventory and scales assessing Career Self-efficacy and Career-outcome Expectations. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated both self-efficacy and outcome expectations were significantly related to vocational interests. Outcome expectations accounted for significant incremental variance in explaining interests across six of Holland's vocational environments. Implications of social cognitive theory for career development and interventions among Japanese university students are discussed.

scholarly journals A Process Evaluation of a Social Cognitive Theory–Based Childhood Obesity Prevention Intervention

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Branscum ◽  
Manoj Sharma ◽  
Lihshing Leigh Wang ◽  
Bradley Wilson ◽  
Liliana Rojas-Guyler
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Social Cognitive Theory ◽  
Process Evaluation ◽  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Childhood Obesity Prevention ◽  
Prevention Intervention

scholarly journals Factors associated with behavioral intention of free and self-paid COVID-19 vaccination based on the social cognitive theory among nurses and doctors in China

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Rui She ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Liping Li ◽  
Lijuan Li ◽  
Zepeng Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Social Cognitive Theory ◽  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
The Social ◽  
Doctors And Nurses

Abstract Objective: To examine the associations between factors based on the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) and behavioral intention of free and self-paid (600 RMB or 91 USD) COVID-19 vaccination of 80% effectiveness and rare mild side effects among doctors and nurses in China. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Public hospitals. Participants: 362 doctors and 1702 nurses in major departments of five hospitals of three Chinese provinces. Methods: An anonymous online survey was conducted from October to November 2020, facilitated by hospital administrators through online WeChat/QQ working groups. Data on outcome expectations, self-efficacy, norms, and COVID-19-related work experiences were collected. Multivariate logistic regression models were used for data analysis. Results: The logistic regression analysis showed that physical (e.g., protective effect of vaccination) and self-evaluative outcome expectations (e.g., anticipated regret), self-efficacy, norms (e.g., descriptive norm, subjective norm, professional norm, and moral norm), and job satisfaction were significantly and positively associated with the free and self-paid COVID-19 vaccination intention outcomes among doctors and nurses, adjusted for background variables. Doctors who had engaged in COVID-19-related work reported higher self-paid vaccination intention. Conclusions: Health promotion is needed to improve the uptake of COVID-19 vaccination among healthcare workers. Such interventions may consider modifying the identified factors of vaccination intention, including strengthening perceived efficacy, positive feelings about vaccination, the need to avoid future regret, self-efficacy, and social norms. Future studies should examine the actual behavior patterns of COVID-19 vaccination and testing the efficacy of promotion intervention through randomized controlled studies.

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