Radiologic Diagnosis in Traumatic Rupture of the Right Diaphragm

1988 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 653-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Nilsson ◽  
P. Aspelin ◽  
O. Ekberg ◽  
J. Senyk

A case of right-sided diaphragmatic rupture due to blunt trauma is reported. The diagnosis was confirmed by sonography and diagnostic pneumoperitoneum. Ultrasonography was of great value by showing a discontinuous, ‘flapping’ ruptured diaphragm. Computed tomography was of no value. It was concluded that when right-sided diaphragmatic rupture is suggested sonographic examination should be performed. If the sonographic examination is non-diagnostic, a pneumoperitoneum should follow.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Njem Josiah Miner ◽  
Nehemiah Joshua Dung ◽  
Ngeh Audu Mangai ◽  
Ugwu Benjamin

Abstract Traumatic injuries of the diaphragm are relatively uncommon, as such are frequently missed, especially when it occurs following blunt trauma and on the right side. These injuries often occurred in the setting of polytrauma, as such other obvious injuries tend to mask the diaphragmatic injuries thus resulting in delayed or missed diagnosis. We report the case of a 45 year old man with delayed right-sided diaphragmatic rupture following blunt trauma, who had trans-thoracic open repair with complete relief of symptoms. Although right diaphragmatic rupture is uncommon because of the cushioning effect of the liver, it should be included in the differential diagnosis of persistent right sided chest pain in a patient that has sustained previous chest trauma, no matter how remote the history might be.


2019 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. e30-e32
Author(s):  
Dritan Useini ◽  
Zulfugar Taghiyev ◽  
Matthias Bechtel ◽  
Justus Strauch

AbstractThymomas are rare tumors that commonly lie in the anterior mediastinum. The arteries supplying thymomas branch from the internal thoracic arteries and their collaterals. This report presents a patient with huge mediastinal thymoma, whose sensational vascularization is ensured directly by a single dominant tributary branch of the left internal thoracic artery. After initially performed computed tomography angiography, the tumor was suspect to be vascularized from the right coronary artery. Triple-rule-out computed tomography scan was a key step for accurate radiologic diagnosis.


Author(s):  
E. A. Losik ◽  
M. V. Fadeeva ◽  
V. V. Shchegelsky ◽  
R. T. Rzaev ◽  
A. V. Stepanov ◽  
...  

Aim.  This paper is aimed at presenting the materials of clinical observations associated with diagnosing rare-occurring ruptures of the right dome of the diaphragm that have been overlooked for a long period.Results.  A 61-year-old man was admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of chronic heart failure. Chest radiograph revealed a high position of the right dome of the diaphragm. Computed tomography revealed a defect in the central parts of the diaphragm on the right, the liver was rotated outward with its visceral surface deployed anteriorly and upward. In the right thoracic cavity, anterior to the liver, were the loops of the intestine and the outlet of the stomach.More than 30 years before, the patient had experienced an explosive trauma, which might have caused a rupture in the right dome of the diaphragm. A 70-year-old man, a smoker with a ten-year history of hypertension, was hospitalized with an increase in dyspnea, a cough with the discharge of purulent sputum, the feeling of heaviness behind the sternum. Chest radiograph revealed a high standing of the right dome of the diaphragm at the level of 3rd rib with a decrease in the volume of the right lung, and an increase in cardiac silhouette (cardiothoracic index 0.64). Computed tomography revealed a high standing of the right dome of the diaphragm as well as the compression of the middle and lower lobe of the right lung with the presence of compression atelectasis. The liver was rotated, displaced into the right thoracic cavity, the deformation of the inferior vena cava to the right was visualized due to the displacement and rotation of the liver. The consolidated fractures of 10th–12th ribs on the right were visualized. The patient had had a chest injury resulting from a traffic accident about 15 years before, with no X-ray examination having been conducted at that time.Conclusion.  In the case of left-sided diaphragm ruptures, which are much more frequent than the right-sided ones, the stomach, large and small intestines as well as spleen are displaced into the thoracic cavity. In the case of rightsided diaphragm ruptures, the liver and gallbladder are displaced into the thoracic cavity. Right-sided posttraumatic diaphragmatic hernias that are not diagnosed at the time of injury or trauma and continue to be asymptomatic for a number of years are very rare. The sensitivity and specificity of computed tomography for the diagnosis of diaphragm ruptures is 61–87 % and 72–100 %, respectively. In an acute period, the treatment of diaphragm ruptures is surgical. However, in long-term asymptomatic ruptures, expectant management is possible, particularly if the risk of surgical treatment is high. 


1988 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 653-655
Author(s):  
P. E. Nilsson ◽  
P. Aspelin ◽  
O. Ekberg ◽  
J. Senyk

Author(s):  
Waleed Mohammed Gialan, Yasser Abdurabu Obadiel, Abdulrazzak Waleed Mohammed Gialan, Yasser Abdurabu Obadiel, Abdulrazzak

Objective: The aim of this prospective study is to highlight the incidence of a traumatic diaphragmatic rupture occurring in thoraco-abdominal penetrating or blunt trauma, and discuss their presentation and outcome Methods: We performed a prospective study, between 1st January 2017 to 30th June 2020 at the Department of General Surgery of the Al-Thawra Modern General Hospital, and 48-Modrn hospital -Sana'a city -Yemen. We included all the patients who were diagnosed and admitted with traumatic diaphragmatic rupture during the study period. Data included demographics, mechanism of injury, associated injuries, time of presentation post- trauma, length of hospital stay and ICU, ventilator days, management, postoperative complication, and outcomes. The variables were analyzed and compared for patients. Result: A total of 38 patients had traumatic diaphragmatic injury of (1843) thoracoabdominal trauma (2.1%)(855 blunt trauma & 988 penetrating trauma), 31 patients (81.6%) have sustained penetrating trauma, while only 7 patients (18.4%) have blunt trauma. There were 33 male patients (86.8%) and 5 female patients (13.2%) with a mean age of 25 years (range 3–52 years), the location of rupture was 30 patients (78.9%) on the left-sided, and 8 patients (21.1%) on right-sided, 4 patients presented early with a diaphragmatic hernia, and 5 patient presented late with diaphragmatic hernia. Associated injuries were presented in 36 patients (94.7%). The diagnosis was preoperatively established in (36.8%), and intraoperative (63.2%). The diaphragmatic rupture was repaired with interrupted nonabsorbable sutures. Postoperative complications were observed in 23 patients (60.5%). Mortality was observed in 4 patients (10.5%). The outcome affected by associated injuries hemo/pneumothorax, rib fractures/lung contusion, hollow viscous injury, post-operative complication, time of presentation post- trauma, and hemodynamically state before admission. Conclusion: Traumatic diaphragmatic rupture, usually masked by multiple associated injuries which aggravate the condition of patients and are responsible for morbidity and mortality. The left-sided is involved more than the right-sided.


1988 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 653-655
Author(s):  
P. E. Nilsson ◽  
P. Aspelin ◽  
O. Ekberg ◽  
J. Senyk

2020 ◽  
Vol 161 (47) ◽  
pp. 1995-1999
Author(s):  
László Barna ◽  
Zsuzsanna Takács-Szabó ◽  
László Kostyál

Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: Congenitalis coronariaanomáliának tekintik azokat a coronariamorfológiai rendellenességeket, melyek 1%-nál kisebb gyakorisággal fordulnak elő. Többségük nem jár tünettel, olykor azonban okozhatnak mellkasi fájdalmat, eszméletvesztést, és hirtelen halálhoz is vezethetnek. A coronariaanomáliák gyakoriságáról Magyarországon eddig csak invazív koronarográfiás adatok alapján jelent meg közlemény. Célkitűzés: Jelen vizsgálatunkban a coronariák eredési rendellenességeinek gyakoriságát mértük fel intézetünk coronaria-komputertomográfiás angiográfián átesett betegeinél. Módszer: A coronaria-komputertomográfiás vizsgálatra került betegek felvételeinek értékelésekor rögzítettük a coronariaanomália jelenlétét. A vizsgálat indikációja általában mellkasi fájdalom volt. 128 szeletes berendezést használtunk, a vizsgálatok során részben retrospektív, részben prospektív EKG-kapuzást alkalmaztunk. Eredmények: 1751 beteg komputertomográfiás angiográfiás felvételeit elemeztük. A betegek között a férfiak aránya 38,4%, a vizsgálatra kerülők életkorának átlaga pedig 58,07 ± 11,07 év volt. Eredési anomáliát 1,83%-ban találtunk, ezen belül a leggyakoribb volt a körbefutó ág (ramus circumflexus) és az elülső leszálló ág különálló eredése a bal Valsalva-sinusból (1%). A további rendellenességek a következők voltak: a jobb coronaria eredése magasan az aortából (0,34%), ramus circumflexus a jobb sinusból vagy a jobb coronariából (0,34%), jobb coronaria a bal Valsalva-sinusból (0,057%), elülső leszálló ág részben a bal Valsalva-sinusból a circumflexustól külön, részben a jobb coronariából (kettős elülső leszálló ág, 0,057%). Következtetés: Mindössze 0,057%-ban fordult elő potenciálisan tünetet okozó coronariaeredési rendellenesség (a bal sinusból eredő jobb coronaria). A komputertomográfiás angiográfia segítségével a coronariaeredés helye pontosan megállapítható, tisztázható az ér lefutása és ennek során viszonya a környező struktúrákhoz. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(47): 1995–1999. Summary. Introduction: Congenital coronary artery anomaly is defined as a coronary morphology which occurs in less than 1% of the cases. Usually these anomalies do not result in symptoms but sometimes they can cause chest pain, syncope and sudden death. In Hungary, the prevalence of these abnormalities was published only from data of invasive coronary angiography. Objective: In this study, we evaluated the prevalence of the anomalies of coronary origin in the patients of our institution undergoing coronary computed tomography. Method: While reading the computed tomography angiograms of our patients, we registered the presence of coronary anomalies. In most of the cases, the indication of the coronary computed tomography was chest pain. A scanner with 128 detectors was used, scans were performed partly with prospective, partly with retrospective ECG gating. Results: We assessed 1751 patients. The ratio of males was 38.4%, while the average age of patients 58.07 ± 11.07 years. Anomaly of coronary origin was present in 1.83% of our patients, with the separate origin of left anterior descending and left circumflex artery being the most frequent (1%) among them. Other anomalies were as follows: high take-off of the right coronary artery from the ascending aorta (0.34%), left circumflex arising from the right sinus of Valsalva or from the right coronary (0.34%), right coronary artery from the left sinus of Valsalva (0.057%), left anterior descending arising partly from the left sinus of Valsalva, apart from the left circumflex, partly from the right coronary (dual left anterior descending artery, 0.057%). Conclusion: The prevalence of potentially symptomatic coronary anomalies was only 0.057% in our series (right coronary from the left sinus of Valsalva). The computed tomography angiography can precisely define the origin of the coronary artery, depict its run-off and its relationship to the neighbouring structures. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(47): 1995–1999.


Author(s):  
Elif Gündoğdu ◽  
Uğur Toprak

Background: The middle ear cavity is ventilated through the aditus ad antrum. Aditus blockage contributes to the pathology of otitis media. Objective: To determine the normal values of the aditus ad antrum diameter on computed tomography and to investigate its relationship with chronic otitis media and related pathologies (tympanosclerosis and myringosclerosis). Methods: The temporal CT images of 162 individuals were evaluated retrospectively. In the axial sections, the inner diameter of the aditus was measured at the narrowest point at the cortex. The differences in diameter were compared between diseased and healthy ears. Results: In healthy individuals, the diameter was narrower in women. There was no difference between the right and left ears in healthy subjects. No correlation was found between age and diameter. In male patients with myringosclerosis, the diameter was slightly narrower on both sides but more marked on the left. In female patients with myringosclerosis, the diameter in both ears was slightly narrower. In cases of otitis media and tympanosclerosis, the diameter was less than that of healthy individuals, despite the lack of statistically significant result in all cases. Conclusion: The aditus ad antrum was narrower in diseased ears, indicating that a blocked aditus may contribute to the development of otitis media, as well as mucosal diseases.


2021 ◽  
pp. 153857442110225
Author(s):  
Giuseppe S. Gallo ◽  
Roberto Miraglia ◽  
Luigi Maruzzelli ◽  
Francesca Crinò ◽  
Christine Cannataci ◽  
...  

We report a case of successful percutaneous transhepatic, embolization of an iatrogenic extra-hepatic pseudoaneurysm (PsA) of the right hepatic artery (RHA) under combined fluoroscopic and ultrasonographic guidance. A 73-year-old man underwent percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage placement in another hospital, complicated by haemobilia and development of a RHA PsA. Endovascular embolization was attempted, resulting in coil embolization of the proper hepatic artery, and persistence of the PsA. At this point, the patient was referred to our hospital. Computed tomography and direct angiography confirmed the iatrogenic extra-hepatic PsA of the RHA, refilled by small collaterals from the accessory left hepatic artery (LHA) and coil occlusion of the proper hepatic artery. Attempted selective catheterization of these vessels was unsuccessful due to the tortuosity and very small caliber of the intra-hepatic collaterals, the latter precluding endovascular treatment of the PsA. Percutaneous trans-hepatic combined fluoroscopic and ultrasound-guided embolization of the PsA was performed with Lipiodol® and cyanoacrylate-based glue (Glubran®2). Real time fluoroscopic images and computed tomography confirmed complete occlusion of the pseudoaneurysm. Surgical repair, although feasible, was considered at high risk. In our patient, we decided to perform a percutaneous trans-hepatic combined fluoroscopic and ultrasound-guided embolization of the PsA using a mix of Lipiodol® and Glubran®2 because of the fast polymerization time of the glue allowing the complete occlusion of the PsA in few seconds, thus eliminating the risk of coil migration, reducing the risk of PsA rupture and avoid a difficult surgical repair.


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