scholarly journals Anatomic three-dimensional model-assisted surgical planning for treatment of pediatric hip dislocation due to osteomyelitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 030006051985428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Ping Wei ◽  
Yu-Cheng Lai ◽  
Wei-Ning Chang
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hip Dislocation ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Limb Deformity ◽  
Joint Deformity ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Small Bones ◽  
Hip Spica Cast ◽  
Pediatric Orthopedic ◽  
The Right

Management of pediatric septic coxarthritis and osteomyelitis of the femur is challenging, and the sequelae of multiplanar hip joint deformity with instability are difficult to reconstruct. The inadequacy of a suitable device for fixing small bones during pediatric osteotomy is a hindrance to the correction of subluxated hip joints and deformed femurs in children. Two-dimensional axial images and three-dimensional (3D) virtual models representing the patient’s individual anatomy are usually reserved for more complex cases of limb deformity. 3D printing technology can be used for preoperative planning of complex pediatric orthopedic surgery. However, there is a paucity of literature reports regarding the application of 3D-printed bone models for pediatric post-osteomyelitis deformity. We herein present a case of a 4-year-old boy who underwent treatment for post-osteomyelitis deformity. We performed corrective surgery with Pemberton osteotomy of the right hip, multilevel varus derotation osteotomy of the right femur, and immobilization with a hip spica cast. A 3D-printed bone model of this patient was used to simulate the surgery, determine the proper osteotomy sites, and choose the appropriate implant for the osteotomized bone. A satisfactory clinical outcome was achieved.

scholarly journals Noncontact restoration of missing parts of stone Buddha statue based on three-dimensional virtual modeling and assembly simulation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Hoon Jo ◽  
Seonghyuk Hong ◽  
Seong Yeon Jo ◽  
Yoon Mi Kwon
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Cultural Artifacts ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Analog Simulation ◽  
Interface Surface ◽  
Assembly Simulation ◽  
The Right

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) digital technology is one of the most essential conservation methods that complements the traditional technique of the restoration of cultural artifacts. In this study, 3D scanning, virtual restoration modeling, and 3D printing were used as a non-contact approach for the restoration of a damaged stone seated Bodhisattva (stone Buddha statue). First, a three-dimensional model with an average point density of 0.2 mm was created by integrating the fixed high-precision scanning of the exterior and the handheld mid-precision scanning of the interior excavated hole. Through a 3D deterioration map of the stone Buddha statue, the area of the missing parts was measured as 400.1 cm 2 (5.5% of the total area). Moreover, 257.1 cm 2 (64.2% of the missing part area) of four parts such as the head, the surrounding area of the Baekho, the right ear, and the right eye, for which symmetry was applicable for modeling or there could be ascertainable historical evidence for the total missing parts, was selected for restoration. The virtual restoration of the missing parts of the stone Buddha statue was performed using a haptic modeling system in the following order. First, the location of the three fragments detached from the head was determined. Next, the reference model was selected, and its symmetrization and modification with respect to the original were conducted. Also, estimation modeling and outer shape description were performed through historical research and consultation with experts. The created virtual-restoration model’s (461 cm 3 ) heuristic-based assembly suitability was verified by design mock-up printing and digital–analog simulation. In particular, to address the assembly interference, the interface surface was modified and reprocessed several times. Accordingly, the final design mock-up’s volume size was decreased by 5.2% (437 cm 3 ). Photopolymerization 3D printing technology was used for the actual restoration of the stone Buddha statue and the layer thickness of the material used was set as 0.10 mm considering the surface roughness. Finally, the surface of the printed output was colored to prevent yellowing and joined to the missing part of the stone Buddha statue. This study presents a great case to shift from the traditional manual-contact method to the contactless digital method for the restoration of artifacts and is expected to largely contribute to increasing the usability of digital technologies in the restoration of cultural artifacts.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Salt Dynamics in Well-Mixed Estuaries: Influence of Estuarine Convergence, Coriolis, and Bathymetry

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 1843-1871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Wei ◽  
Mohit Kumar ◽  
Henk M. Schuttelaars
Keyword(s):  
Coriolis Force ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Temporal Correlation ◽  
Salt Transport ◽  
Residual Circulation ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Coriolis Effects ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA semianalytical three-dimensional model is set up to dynamically calculate the coupled water motion and salinity for idealized well-mixed estuaries and prognostically investigate the influence of each physical mechanism on the residual salt transport. As a study case, a schematized estuary with an exponentially converging width and a channel–shoal structure is considered. The temporal correlation between horizontal tidal velocities and tidal salinities is the dominant process for the landward residual salt transport. The residual salt transport induced by residual circulation is locally significant, but the induced salt transport integrated over the cross section is small. The impacts of the estuarine geometry, Coriolis force, and bathymetry on the salt dynamics are studied using three dedicated experiments, in which the impact of each of these factors is studied separately. To assess the impact of width convergence, a convergent estuary without bathymetric variations or Coriolis force is considered. In this experiment, the temporal correlation between tidal velocities and salinities is the only landward salt transport process. In the second experiment, Coriolis effects are included. This results in a significant residual salt transport cell due to the advection of the tidally averaged salinity by residual circulation, with salt imported into the estuary from the left side and exported on the right (looking seaward). In the last experiment, a lateral channel–shoal structure is included while the Coriolis effects are excluded. This results in a significant landward salt transport through the deeper channel and a seaward salt transport over the shoals due to the advection of the tidally averaged salinity by residual circulation.

scholarly journals Non-contact restoration of missing parts of stone Buddha statue based on three-dimensional virtual modeling and assembly simulation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Hoon Jo ◽  
Seonghyuk Hong ◽  
Seong Yeon Jo ◽  
Yoon Mi Kwon
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Cultural Artifacts ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Analog Simulation ◽  
Interface Surface ◽  
Assembly Simulation ◽  
The Right

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) digital technology is one of the most essential conservation methods that complements the traditional technique of the restoration of cultural artifacts. In this study, 3D scanning, virtual restoration modeling, and 3D printing were used as a non-contact approach for the restoration of a damaged stone seated Bodhisattva (stone Buddha statue). First, a three-dimensional model with an average point density of 0.2 mm was created by integrating the fixed high-precision scanning of the exterior and the handheld mid-precision scanning of the interior excavated hole. Through a 3D deterioration map of the stone Buddha statue, the area of the missing parts was measured as 400.1 cm 2 (5.5% of the total area). Moreover, 257.1 cm 2 (64.2% of the missing part area) of four parts such as the head, the surrounding area of the Baekho, the right ear, and the right eye, for which symmetry was applicable for modeling or there could be ascertainable historical evidence for the total missing parts, was selected for restoration. The virtual restoration of the missing parts of the stone Buddha statue was performed using a haptic modeling system in the following order. First, the location of the three fragments detached from the head was determined. Next, the reference model was selected, and its symmetrization and modification with respect to the original were conducted. Also, estimation modeling and outer shape description were performed through historical research and consultation with experts. The created virtual-restoration model’s (461 cm 3 ) heuristic-based assembly suitability was verified by design mock-up printing and digital–analog simulation. In particular, to address the assembly interference, the interface surface was modified and reprocessed several times. Accordingly, the final design mock-up’s volume size was decreased by 5.2% (437 cm 3 ). Photopolymerization 3D printing technology was used for the actual restoration of the stone Buddha statue and the layer thickness of the material used was set as 0.10 mm considering the surface roughness. Finally, the surface of the printed output was colored to prevent yellowing and joined to the missing part of the stone Buddha statue. This study presents a great case to shift from the traditional manual-contact method to the contactless digital method for the restoration of artifacts and is expected to largely contribute to increasing the usability of digital technologies in the restoration of cultural artifacts.

Coherence in intersectoral collaboration between psychiatric centres and community mental healthcare: A critical discourse analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Jørgensen ◽  
Mette Bonde Dahl ◽  
Jesper Frederiksen
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Intersectoral Collaboration ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Healthcare Data ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
The Right

There is scarce research studying healthcare professionals’ and users’ perceptions in relation to creating coherence in intersectoral collaboration between psychiatric centres and community mental healthcare. Drawing on the discourse analysis framework of Fairclough, this study aimed to explore how healthcare professionals and users could perceive coherence in intersectoral collaboration between psychiatric centres and community mental healthcare. But also to explore their perception of how coherence could be maintained through an intersectoral journey, and what discourses manifested themselves within the field of mental healthcare. Data were collected through 11 focus group interviews, five of which with healthcare professionals ( n = 20) and six with users ( n = 18). Fairclough’s three-dimensional model for the studying of discourse was used to analyse the transcribed texts. This study is reported in accordance with the COREQ checklist. Coherence in intersectoral collaboration was interpreted to exist in tension between being predominantly steered by the healthcare professionals while the users had a desire to be more involved in decisions regarding their own intersectoral journey. The users were subjected to a paternalistic steering, expressed by the power of the healthcare professionals to select the right efforts as well as the purpose of the users’ journeys. The findings showed that coherence in intersectoral collaboration in general was articulated from an overall discourse of neoliberal governance, with its embedded discourses of rationality and structure, and discourses of linearity, objectivity, paternalism, biomedicine and evidence have a controlling influence on how users should guide themselves based on the discourse of self-care.

scholarly journals Safety Analysis of Lining Structure Influenced by Blasting of Tunnel with Extralarge Section and Small Space

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Xuwei Zhao ◽  
Keguo Sun ◽  
Weiping Xu ◽  
Li Tang ◽  
Haisu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Blasting Vibration ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Small Space ◽  
Lining Structure ◽  
Engineering Measure ◽  
The Right

In order to ensure the safety of the Daling tunnel with extralarge section and small space, the three-dimensional model of blasting dynamic simulation had been established and verified. Then, the model was used to analyze the influence of the surrounding rock characteristics and blasting design parameters on the blasting vibration of the first hole, and the analysis of the sensitivity of each factor was carried out. The results showed that blasting of the second hole had a serious impact on the safety of the first hole lining structure. Based on the safety threshold and analysis of sensitivity, the explosive velocity, charge density, and digging length were selected as the key parameters affecting the safety of the tunnel structure. Meanwhile, the corresponding engineering measure was taken based on the results of sensitivity and the actual situation on site, and, after that, the maximum PPV of the right wall of the first hole had been reduced to 9.3 cm/s, which effectively guaranteed the safe construction of the tunnel.

scholarly journals Techno-Determinism in Private Law: Influence of Bioprinting on Developing the Concept of Protecting the Right to Digital Image

2020 ◽  
pp. 678-704
Author(s):  
D. E. Bogdanov
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Private Law ◽  
Tort Liability ◽  
European Law ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Human Right ◽  
The Right ◽  
Fault Liability

Introduction: the new technological revolution became a trigger in the development of the non-pecuniary benefits concept. In the context of digital transformation, personal privacy protection appears to be a serious problem. A person is found to be in a vulnerable position facing challenges of the new digital reality. This could be illustrated by the example of bioprinting since this technology is connected with digitalization of the human body and creation of its digital three-dimensional model. As a result, a person is becoming dependent on their three-dimensional digital embodiment in implementing their rights to life and health. Evolution in the concept of the right to personal image through recognition of the right to digital image appears as the private law response to the technological challenges. Purpose: to identify and analyze the major problems related to protection of the human right to digital image in bioprinting, as well as to determine an effective model of tort liability for encroachment on the personal digital image associated with the use of bioprinting technologies. Methods: dialectical, formal logical, functional, and other general scientific research methods, as well as special legal methods, including comparative legal and formal legal techniques. Results: the author has studied legal and philosophical problems associated with the bioprinting technology influence on the concept of protecting non-pecuniary benefits and its development; identified a trend associated with the evolution of the human right to digital image; considered the models of tort liability for encroachment on the personal digital image in European law in the comparative legal aspect; formulated prognostic conclusions concerning the model of liability for damage caused by violation of the right to digital image in Russian law. Conclusions: information about a person objectified in a digital three-dimensional model (CAD-file) deserves special protection. The possibility of access and use of such information about a person creates serious risks of causing damage to them. A person’s vulnerable position in bioprinting technologies indicates the need to recognize an absolute non-pecuniary right with a person to their digital image registered in the corresponding digital model (CAD-file). The philosophical and legal concept of human vulnerability serves as a theoretical foundation for the elaboration of solutions aimed at creating an efficient set of tools for protecting the human right to digital image. This concept was manifested in the European law in expanding the possibility of compensation for non-pecuniary damage, its presumption in case of encroachment on non-pecuniary benefits, as well as establishment of the no-fault liability standard. It is necessary to introduce in Russian legislation a special tort establishing the no-fault liability standard for damage caused by encroachment on a personal digital image. Presumption of moral damage in such encroachments, as well as the possibility of recovering exemplary damages from a delinquent, would correspond to the goals of general and special prevention.

Simulation of a Right Anterior Thoracotomy Access for Aortic Valve Replacement Using a 3D Printed Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 428-435
Author(s):  
Isaac Wamala ◽  
Jan Brüning ◽  
Johannes Dittmann ◽  
Samuel Jerichow ◽  
Joachim Weinhold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Aortic Valve Replacement ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Intercostal Space ◽  
Lateral Margin ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
The Right ◽  
3D Scans

Objective The right anterior lateral thoracotomy (RALT) approach for aortic valve replacement provides excellent outcomes in expert hands while avoiding sternal disruption. It, however, remains a technically demanding niche operation. Instrument trajectories via this access are influenced by patient anatomy, the intercostal space chosen, and surgical retraction maneuvers. Methods To simulate the typical surgical maneuvers, on an anatomically accurate model, and to measure the instrument trajectories, we generated a 3-dimensional (3D) printed model of the heart and chest cavity. A simulated approach to the base of the right coronary sinus via the medial-second intercostal, the lateral-second intercostal, or third intercostal space was made. Keeping the instrument in place, 3D scans of the models and geometrical measurements of the instrument trajectories were performed. Results The 3D scans of the 3D printed model showed a high fidelity when compared to the original computed tomographic scan image geometry (mean deviation of 1.26 ± 1.27mm). The instrument intrathoracic distance was 75 mm via the medial-second, 115 mm via the lateral-second, and 80 mm via the third intercostal space. The 3D angulation of the instrument to the incision was 33.77o, 55.93o, and 38.4o respectively. The distance of the instrument to the lateral margin was 12, 26, and 5 mm respectively. The cranial margin of the incision was always a limiting margin for the instrument. Conclusions Three-dimensional printing and 3D scanning facilitated a realistic simulation of the instrument trajectory during RALT approach. The lateral-second intercostal approach showed the most favorable approach angle and distance from the lateral margin, although it also had the longest intrathoracic distance.

scholarly journals A 3D printed model for radius curvus surgical treatment planning in a dog

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1178-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
João P.A. Bordelo ◽  
Maria I.R. Dias ◽  
Luís M.M.L. Cardoso ◽  
João M.F. Requicha ◽  
Carlos A.A. Viegas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Exercise Intolerance ◽  
Limb Deformity ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Ulna Osteotomy ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
The Right ◽  
Surgical Treatment Planning ◽  
Anatomical Area ◽  
Tomography Data

ABSTRACT: An 8 month-old, 10 kg male Azawakh dog was presented due to worsening forelimb gait and exercise intolerance. The right forelimb presented gross angular limb deformity with carpal valgus and radial procurvatum. Surgical planning based on radiographs allowed calculation of the centers of rotation and angularity (CORAs). The computer tomography data were used to generate 3D reconstructions of the antebrachium to aid the detection of the orthopaedic problems. With proper imaging software, the nature of the deformity and its degree were quantified using a previously unreported method based on the CORAs as a 3D printed model of anatomical area of interest. This 3D printed model was used by the surgeon to simulate the surgery with all orthopaedic steps, which included a partial ulna osteotomy and a double cuneiform osteotomy of the radius performed at the level of CORAs and stabilized with bone plates and screws. After 7 weeks, radiographs revealed bone union. At 8 months after surgery the animal presented a complete recovery of the involved forelimb. CORAs method combined with computed tomography and 3D model was useful to plan and simulate surgical procedures, including the corrective surgery of forelimb deformities in a dog which improved the surgical efficiency comparatively to the conventional pre-operative study.

Technology for Conversion of Computer Tomography Results into Three-Dimensional Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 600-606
Author(s):  
V. S. Osipovich ◽  
◽  
O. S. Medvedev ◽  
O. N. Dudzich ◽  
V. L. Krasilnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Facial Surgery ◽  
Black Pixel ◽  
Facial Skull ◽  
Transition Points ◽  
Small Bones ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

The development relates to information technology and can be used to process medical images. This task is achieved by the fact that DICOM files containing the results of computed tomography of the human head are subject to correction. They change the color of the pixels at the transition points from black to gray or vice versa, and also replace the black pixel with white. As a result, the percentage of loss of information about small bones is reduced from 22-31 % to 3-5 %, and, therefore, the accuracy of the three-dimensional model of the facial skull of the human head is increased. All this contributes to a significant improvement in the quality of facial surgery.

Front Car Door Modal Analysis Based on Finite Element Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 7418-7421
Author(s):  
Li Sun ◽  
Yong Chen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Modal Analysis ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Vehicle Structure ◽  
The Right ◽  
Element Method

The car door modal analysis was an important method to obtain its dynamic characteristics. In order to analyze the natural frequency of the door, avoid resonance with the other vibration sources in the vehicle structure and reduce traffic noise, the right front door of a vehicle was made modal analysis based on the finite element method. First, the car door three-dimensional model was established in the CATIA, then it was imported into the HyperMesh to mesh, at last, imported into the Nastran, and the related settings was made to calculate the 7 modal frequencies of the door. By analysis of the vibration shape chart, the door low stiffness positions are found to provoid the reliable reference for optimizing the door design.

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