Spontaneous Lesions in Chinese Hamsters

1977 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 449-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Benjamin ◽  
A. L. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Cricetulus Griseus ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Chinese Hamsters ◽  
Nodular Hyperplasia ◽  
Long Life ◽  
Pulmonary Granulomas

One hundred and fifty-seven Chinese hamsters ( Cricetulus griseus) from the Lovelace Foundation Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute colony had pulmonary granulomas, nodular hyperplasia of the liver, granulocytic bone marrow hyperplasias and myelogenous leukemia, nephrosclerosis and uterine adenocarcinomas. These Chinese hamsters had a median life span of 1 075 days. The long life span and information on naturally-occurring diseases suggest that this species might be more widely used for toxicological and biomedical research.

scholarly journals Migration of Long-lived Lymphocytes to the Bone Marrow and to Other Lymphomyeloid Tissues in Normal Parabiotic Guinea Pigs

Blood ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelius Rosse
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Liquid Scintillation ◽  
Thoracic Duct Lymph ◽  
Minor Population ◽  
Duct Lymph ◽  
Long Life ◽  
A Minor

Abstract Guinea pigs, in which cells with long life span were selectively labeled (3H-thymidine), were joined in parabiosis to nonlabeled syngeneic litter mates at a time when label reutilization detectable by radioautography could be excluded. The distribution of labeled cells was investigated quantitatively using radioautography and liquid scintillation counting in the marrow and blood at the time of establishment of parabiosis and again at its termination 2 wk later, when the thoracic duct lymph, lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus were also examined. Single animals labeled in the same manner served as controls. Of all cells with a slow rate of turnover and long life span, only small lymphocytes entered the circulation and crossed the anastomosis in detectable numbers. As indicated by the similar percentages of labeling in respective tissues, a complete intermixing of long-lived lymphocytes occurred in the bone marrow, lymph, lymph nodes, and spleen of the parabionts. The sum of the per cent labeled lymphocytes in two parabionts was in agreement with the extent of labeling in respective tissues of single controls. The presence of a minor population of lymphocytes with a long life span was confirmed in the marrow. Ten to 30 times as many labeled long-lived lymphocytes migrated into the bone marrow of initially unlabeled animals as were found in an equal volume of blood. The majority, if not all long-lived lymphocytes migrate to the marrow from the blood, and they also reenter the blood. They have a similar life span and in parabionts equilibrate in a similar manner as recirculating long-lived lymphocytes.

scholarly journals Expression of the Kit and KitA receptor isoforms in human acute myelogenous leukemia

Blood ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 476-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
X Piao ◽  
JE Curtis ◽  
S Minkin ◽  
MD Minden ◽  
A Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Normal Bone Marrow ◽  
Normal Bone ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Kit Receptor ◽  
Acute Myelogenous

Genetic and biologic evidence suggests that the Kit receptor tyrosine kinase is important in early events in hematopoietic stem cell differentiation. Two naturally occurring isoforms of the Kit receptor, termed Kit and KitA, were originally described in mouse cells and, subsequently, in human cells. These isoforms differ by the presence (KitA) or absence (Kit) of four amino acids (Gly-Asn-Asn-Lys) that lie immediately outside the transmembrane domain. RNase protection was used to measure the levels of Kit and KitA mRNA in normal bone marrow and the blast cells from individuals with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Although both isoforms were present in all the AML samples tested, there was considerable heterogeneity in the relative levels of the two transcripts, with Kit to KitA RNA ratios varying from as low as 1.3 to as high as 12. In contrast, the ratio of Kit to KitA transcripts in normal bone marrow was tightly clustered between 4.4 and 5.5. Because alterations in the relative levels of expression of Kit and KitA may affect the ability of a cell to respond to the Kit ligand, Steel factor, we examined the Kit/KitA RNA ratio in AML patients that differed with respect to a number of diagnostic, prognostic, and biologic parameters. The relative levels of Kit to KitA RNA was independent of French-American-British subtype, response to therapy, and primary and secondary plating efficiencies in vitro. Thus, these data suggest that the relative levels of the two isoforms of the Kit receptor in AML are not associated with any obvious biologic or clinical parameters and, therefore, may reflect naturally occurring changes in splicing mechanisms as stem cells differentiate.

scholarly journals Expression of the Kit and KitA receptor isoforms in human acute myelogenous leukemia

Blood ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 476-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
X Piao ◽  
JE Curtis ◽  
S Minkin ◽  
MD Minden ◽  
A Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Normal Bone Marrow ◽  
Normal Bone ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Kit Receptor ◽  
Acute Myelogenous

Abstract Genetic and biologic evidence suggests that the Kit receptor tyrosine kinase is important in early events in hematopoietic stem cell differentiation. Two naturally occurring isoforms of the Kit receptor, termed Kit and KitA, were originally described in mouse cells and, subsequently, in human cells. These isoforms differ by the presence (KitA) or absence (Kit) of four amino acids (Gly-Asn-Asn-Lys) that lie immediately outside the transmembrane domain. RNase protection was used to measure the levels of Kit and KitA mRNA in normal bone marrow and the blast cells from individuals with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Although both isoforms were present in all the AML samples tested, there was considerable heterogeneity in the relative levels of the two transcripts, with Kit to KitA RNA ratios varying from as low as 1.3 to as high as 12. In contrast, the ratio of Kit to KitA transcripts in normal bone marrow was tightly clustered between 4.4 and 5.5. Because alterations in the relative levels of expression of Kit and KitA may affect the ability of a cell to respond to the Kit ligand, Steel factor, we examined the Kit/KitA RNA ratio in AML patients that differed with respect to a number of diagnostic, prognostic, and biologic parameters. The relative levels of Kit to KitA RNA was independent of French-American-British subtype, response to therapy, and primary and secondary plating efficiencies in vitro. Thus, these data suggest that the relative levels of the two isoforms of the Kit receptor in AML are not associated with any obvious biologic or clinical parameters and, therefore, may reflect naturally occurring changes in splicing mechanisms as stem cells differentiate.

scholarly journals Chemotactic and Angiogenic Potential of Mineralized Collagen Scaffolds Functionalized with Naturally Occurring Bioactive Factor Mixtures to Stimulate Bone Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5836
Author(s):  
Henriette Bretschneider ◽  
Mandy Quade ◽  
Anja Lode ◽  
Michael Gelinsky ◽  
Stefan Rammelt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Human Bone Marrow ◽  
Collagen Scaffolds ◽  
Angiogenic Potential ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Mineralized Collagen

To develop cost-effective and efficient bone substitutes for improved regeneration of bone defects, heparin-modified mineralized collagen scaffolds were functionalized with concentrated, naturally occurring bioactive factor mixtures derived from adipose tissue, platelet-rich plasma and conditioned medium from a hypoxia-treated human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell line. Besides the analysis of the release kinetics of functionalized scaffolds, the bioactivity of the released bioactive factors was tested with regard to chemotaxis and angiogenic tube formation. Additionally, functionalized scaffolds were seeded with human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hBM-MSC) and their osteogenic and angiogenic potential was investigated. The release of bioactive factors from the scaffolds was highest within the first 3 days. Bioactivity of the released factors could be confirmed for all bioactive factor mixtures by successful chemoattraction of hBM-MSC in a transwell assay as well as by the formation of prevascular structures in a 2D co-culture system of hBM-MSC and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The cells seeded directly onto the functionalized scaffolds were able to express osteogenic markers and form tubular networks. In conclusion, heparin-modified mineralized collagen scaffolds could be successfully functionalized with naturally occurring bioactive factor mixtures promoting cell migration and vascularization.

Philadelphia chromosome and terminal transferase-positive acute leukemia: similarity of terminal phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia and de novo acute presentation.

1983 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 669-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Jain ◽  
Z Arlin ◽  
R Mertelsmann ◽  
T Gee ◽  
S Kempin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Philadelphia Chromosome ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Allogeneic Bone ◽  
Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
Terminal Transferase

Twenty-eight patients with Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1)--positive and terminal transferase (TdT)--positive acute leukemia (AL) were treated with intensive chemotherapy used for adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (L-10 and L-10M protocols). Fifteen patients had a documented chronic phase of Ph1-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia preceding the acute transformation (TdT + BLCML) while the remaining 13 patients did not (TdT + Ph1 + AL). An overall complete remission (CR) rate of 71% was obtained with a median survival of 13 months in the responders. Clinical presentation, laboratory data, cytogenetics, response to treatment, and survivals of the two groups of patients are compared. These results appear to be similar, suggesting a common or closely related origin. Since the overall survival of those receiving chemotherapy maintenance is poor, three patients underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from histocompatibility leukocyte antigen--matched siblings after they achieved CR. One of them is a long-term survivor (35 + months) with a Ph1-negative bone marrow. New techniques such as BMT should be considered in young patients with a histocompatibility leukocyte antigen--compatible sibling once a CR has been achieved.

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