scholarly journals Light Microscopic and Ultrastructural Changes in the Ceca of Chicks Inoculated with Human and Canine Serpulina pilosicoli

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 542-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Muniappa ◽  
G. E. Duhamel ◽  
M. R. Mathiesen ◽  
T. W. Bargar
Keyword(s):  
Brush Border ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Terminal Web

Light microscopic and ultrastructural changes were observed in chicks challenged with North American Serpulina pilosicoli, a weakly β-hemolytic intestinal spirochete (WBHIS) associated with human and canine intestinal spirochetosis. Chicks in control groups received trypticase soy broth or canine Serpulina innocens. The birds were necropsied at weekly intervals, and the ceca were processed for bacteriologic and pathologic examinations. No WBHIS were isolated from the ceca of chicks in the control groups, but WBHIS with genotypes similar to the parent isolates were isolated from the ceca of chicks inoculated with human and canine S. pilosicoli. Gross examination revealed no significant changes in the ceca of chicks at any time post-inoculation. Light microscopic examination revealed no spirochetal attachment in the ceca of chicks in control groups. In contrast, focal to diffuse thickening of the brush border of the surface epithelium along with dilation of the crypt lumina and mild focal lamina propria heterophil infiltration were present in the ceca of chicks inoculated with human and canine S. pilosicoli. Scanning electron microscopic examination revealed focal to confluent spirochetal attachment mainly in the furrow region at the periphery of the crypt units. Transmission electron microscopic examination revealed spirochetes attached to the brush border of the cecal epithelium, causing effacement of the microvilli and disruption of the terminal web microfilaments. The cecal epithelium of chicks inoculated with the canine S. pilosicoli also had caplike elevations of the apical membrane at the point of attachment of the spirochetes together with large numbers of vesicles in the cytoplasm immediately beneath the terminal web and evidence of spirochetal invasion beyond the mucosal barrier. The changes observed suggested that the mechanism of attachment of human and canine S. pilosicoli to the cecal epithelium of chicks was analogous to but different from that described previously for other attaching and effacing gastroenteric bacterial pathogens of human beings and animals.

scholarly journals Absence of Glomerulonephritis in Guinea Pigs Deficient in the Fourth Component of Complement

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Foltz ◽  
L. C. Cork ◽  
J. A. Winkelstein
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Complement C3 ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Classical Complement Pathway ◽  
Fourth Component ◽  
Genetically Determined

Genetically determined deficiencies of the early components of the classical complement pathway (CI, C4, C2) or of the third component of complement (C3) in both human beings and experimental animals are known to be associated with renal disease, including glomerulonephritis. The current study was performed to examine the C4–deficient (C4D) guinea pig for the presence of renal disease. Eighteen C4D animals and 17 control animals (Crl:Hartlcy) (divided by sex into four age categories) were examined. Light microscopic examination revealed no differences in mesangium, glomerular cellularity, thickness of capillary loops, or presence of epithelial crescents in the kidneys of C4D guinea pigs as compared with control animals. Electron microscopic examination did not reveal glomerular or tubular immune complex deposits in either C4D or control animals. C4D guinea pigs apparently do not demonstrate glomerulonephritis.

Properties of Isolated Mitochondria of Agaricus Bisporus: Their Relationship to Dormancy and the Germination of Spores

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 458-459
Author(s):  
K. S. McCarty ◽  
R. F. Weave ◽  
L. Kemper ◽  
F. S. Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Ethidium Bromide ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Osmotic Shock ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Isolated Mitochondria ◽  
Dna Strands ◽  
Cytoplasmic Ribosomes

During the prodromal stages of sporulation in the Basidiomycete, Agaricus bisporus, mitochondria accumulate in the basidial cells, zygotes, in the gill tissues prior to entry of these mitochondria, together with two haploid nuclei and cytoplasmic ribosomes, into the exospores. The mitochondria contain prominent loci of DNA [Fig. 1]. A modified Kleinschmidt spread technique1 has been used to evaluate the DNA strands from purified whole mitochondria released by osmotic shock, mitochondrial DNA purified on CsCl gradients [density = 1.698 gms/cc], and DNA purified on ethidium bromide CsCl gradients. The DNA appeared as linear strands up to 25 u in length and circular forms 2.2-5.2 u in circumference. In specimens prepared by osmotic shock, many strands of DNA are apparently attached to membrane fragments [Fig. 2]. When mitochondria were ruptured in hypotonic sucrose and then fixed in glutaraldehyde, the ribosomes were released for electron microscopic examination.

Artifact-free electron microscopic immunocytochemistry on rat brain tissue

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 272-273
Author(s):  
Veronika Burmeister ◽  
N. Ludvig ◽  
P.C. Jobe
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Free Electron ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Rabbit Serum ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Electron Microscopic Immunocytochemistry ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline ◽  
Rat Brain Tissue ◽  
Immune Rabbit

Electron microscopic immunocytochemistry provides an important tool to determine the ultrastructural distribution of various molecules in both normal and pathologic tissues. However, the specific immunostaining may be obscured by artifactual immunoreaction product, misleading the investigator. Previous observations show that shortening the incubation period with the primary antibody from the generally used 12-24 hours to 1 hour substantially reduces the artifactual immunostaining. We now extend this finding by the demonstration of artifact-free ultrastructural localization of the Ca2/calmodulindependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (CaM-dependent PDE) immunoreactivity in brain.Anesthetized rats were perfused transcardially with phosphate-buffered saline followed by a fixative containing paraformaldehyde (4%) and glutaraldehyde (0.25%) in PBS. The brains were removed, and 40μm sections were cut with a vibratome. The sections were processed for immunocytochemistry as described by Ludvig et al. Both non-immune rabbit serum and specific CaM-dependent PDE antibodies were used. In both experiments incubations were at one hour and overnight. The immunostained sections were processed for electron microscopic examination.

HISTOMETRIC AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVIMUSCULAR TERMINALS OF SKELETAL MUSCLES AT A HYPOKINESIA

2019 ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Z. M. Yaschyshyn ◽  
S. L. Popel
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Ultrastructural Organization ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Myelinated Nerve ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The aim: to study the dynamics of histological and ultrastructural changes in muscle fibers and their neuromuscular endings under conditions of prolonged hypokinesia at different stages of ontogenesis. Methods. Studied skeletal muscles and their peripheral nervous apparatus of laboratory male Wistar rats aged 30 to 270 days. The restriction of motor activity was carried out in special canister cells for 30, 60, 90, and 240 days (5 animals for each term). To determine the type of muscle fiber, the Nahlas histochemical method was used, the Kulchitsky method was used to detect myelinated nerve fibers, the Bilshovsky-Gros method and the electron microscopic method to identify neuromuscular endings. Results. The data of histological and electron microscopic examination of skeletal muscle fibers and their neuromuscular endings under conditions of prolonged hypokinesia indicate their regular restructuring during the development of muscles, the formation of their synapses and structures that are associated with them at different stages of ontogenesis. Conclusion. The study provides an in-depth understanding of the relative frequency and nature of the disturbance of the neuromuscular endings during prolonged hypokinesia and its effect on the dynamics of structural adjustment of individual types of muscle fibers in ontogenesis.

HISTOMETRIC AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVIMUSCULAR TERMINALS OF SKELETAL MUSCLES AT A HYPOKINESIA

2019 ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Z. M. Yaschyshyn ◽  
S. L. Popel
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Ultrastructural Organization ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Myelinated Nerve ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The aim: to study the dynamics of histological and ultrastructural changes in muscle fibers and their neuromuscular endings under conditions of prolonged hypokinesia at different stages of ontogenesis. Methods. Studied skeletal muscles and their peripheral nervous apparatus of laboratory male Wistar rats aged 30 to 270 days. The restriction of motor activity was carried out in special canister cells for 30, 60, 90, and 240 days (5 animals for each term). To determine the type of muscle fiber, the Nahlas histochemical method was used, the Kulchitsky method was used to detect myelinated nerve fibers, the Bilshovsky-Gros method and the electron microscopic method to identify neuromuscular endings. Results. The data of histological and electron microscopic examination of skeletal muscle fibers and their neuromuscular endings under conditions of prolonged hypokinesia indicate their regular restructuring during the development of muscles, the formation of their synapses and structures that are associated with them at different stages of ontogenesis. Conclusion. The study provides an in-depth understanding of the relative frequency and nature of the disturbance of the neuromuscular endings during prolonged hypokinesia and its effect on the dynamics of structural adjustment of individual types of muscle fibers in ontogenesis.

Ultrastructural studies of Chlamydia psittaci 6BC variant strains. I. Ultrastructure of the surface layers of egg-passaged 6BC strain

1973 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 887-894
Author(s):  
Linda Poffenroth ◽  
J. W. Costerton ◽  
Nonna Kordová ◽  
John C. Wilt
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Chlamydia Psittaci ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
First Time

Electron microscopic examination of a semipurified Chlamydia psittaci 6BC strain attenuated in chick embryo yolk sac revealed for the first time two morphologically distinct small elementary bodies which differ both in the ultrastructure of their surface layers and in their buoyant densities in sucrose gradients. Also, the morphology of the surface layers of the larger reticulate forms in cell-free systems is described for the first time. Many points of difference between the surface envelopes and internal structure of chlamydial particles and those of Gram-negative bacteria are discussed.

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