Mindfulness and Acceptance–Based Group Therapy: An Uncontrolled Pragmatic Pre–Post Pilot Study in a Heterogeneous Population of Female Prisoners

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (15-16) ◽  
pp. 2572-2585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben J. Riley ◽  
David Smith ◽  
Michael F. Baigent
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Incarcerated Women ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Group Program ◽  
Female Prisoners ◽  
Patient Health

The rate of females imprisoned worldwide has increased by more than 50% during the last two decades, with recent figures suggesting that, worldwide, the female prison population may still be increasing at a faster rate than males. Despite prevalence rates for psychiatric conditions among female prisoners being significantly higher than males, there is a particular lack of programs specifically designed for women. This preliminary study evaluates the initial effectiveness of a mindfulness and acceptance–based group program in an uncontrolled pragmatic pilot study of a heterogeneous group of incarcerated women with a range of mental health issues. Participants were 59 incarcerated women who engaged in a 10-session group program. Outcome measures comprised the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire–II, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale, Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale, and three screening tools derived from the full version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), to measure depression, binge eating (Patient Health Questionnaire–Binge Eating Disorder [PHQ-ED]), and somatoform disorders (PHQ-15). Results of linear mixed modelling showed improvements in mindfulness and acceptance, and reductions in depression, anxiety, and somatoform symptoms. Furthermore, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) was shown to be an acceptable and feasible intervention for female Indigenous Australian prisoners. A mindfulness and acceptance–based group approach appears to be feasible and acceptable in a prison environment for a female prisoners with a range of mental health symptomatology.

Correlation of the Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey With Psychiatric Screening Tools

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 1373-1380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily A Spataro ◽  
Cherian K Kandathil ◽  
Mikhail Saltychev ◽  
Cristen E Olds ◽  
Sam P Most
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Psychiatric Screening

Abstract Background Identifying mental health disorders, including body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), is important prior to rhinoplasty surgery; however, these disorders are underdiagnosed, and screening tools are underutilized in clinical settings. Objectives The authors sought to evaluate the correlation of a rhinoplasty outcomes tool (Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey [SCHNOS]) with psychiatric screening tools. Methods Patients presenting for rhinoplasty consultation were prospectively enrolled and administered mental health instruments to assess depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), and BDD (BDD Questionnaire-Aesthetic Surgery [BDDQ-AS]) as well as the SCHNOS rhinoplasty outcomes scale. Convergent validity of SCHNOS scores with these mental health instruments was assessed as well as calculation of an optimal SCHNOS-C score to screen for BDD. Results A total 76 patients were enrolled in the study. The average SCHNOS-O score (standard deviation) was 46.1 (34.0) and the average SCHNOS-C score was 61.1 (27.0). Five (7%) patients screened positive for depression, and 24 (32%) patients screened positive for mild, 5 (7%) for moderate, and 4 (5%) for severe anxiety. Twenty-four (32%) patients screened positive for BDD by BDDQ-AS scores. SCHNOS-O and SCHNOS-C did not correlate with Patient Health Questionnaire-9 or Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scores; SCHNOS-C did correlate with BDDQ-AS. A score of 73 or greater on SCHNOS-C maximized the sensitivity and specificity of also screening positive for BDD with BDDQ-AS. This score correlated with a sensitivity of 62.5%, specificity of 80.8%, and number needed to diagnose of 2.3, meaning for every 2 patients with a score of ≥73 on SCHNOS-C, 1 will have a positive BDDQ-AS score. Conclusions SCHNOS-C correlates with BDDQ-AS and may help screen rhinoplasty patients at higher risk for BDD. Level of Evidence: 2

scholarly journals Agreement of screening tools with established questionnaires used in psychological assessment of bariatric patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-250
Author(s):  
Henry Yuen Foong Lew ◽  
Kelly Ann Zainal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Psychological Assessment ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Bariatric Patients ◽  
Binge Eating Scale

Background: Depression and binge eating contributes to less weight loss after bariatric surgery. The lack of standardized assessment of depression and binge eating in bariatric patients makes it hard to identify and provide treatment to relevant patients. This study aimed to enhance the accuracy of identifying binge eating and depression in bariatric patients before surgery. We determined the agreement of brief screening tools for depression, binge eating and quality of life with established questionnaires used in psychological assessment of bariatric patients. Methods: In total, 120 patients completed both screening tools and established questionnaires before surgery during their psychological assessment sessions. Cohen’s kappa was conducted to determine whether Patient Health Questionnaire-2 agreed with the Beck Depression Inventory II in identifying depression; and if Patient Health Questionnaire-Binge agreed with the Binge Eating Scale in identifying binge eating. To investigate the degree of agreeableness between the RAND 36-Item Health Survey and Moorehead–Ardelt Quality of Life Questionnaire II on quality of life, Bland Altman analysis was performed. Results: Our results show that agreement between Patient Health Questionnaire-2 and Beck Depression Inventory II ( k=0.35) was fair. We found that agreement between Patient Health Questionnaire-Binge and Binge Eating Scale ( k=0.41) was moderate. Conclusions: These results indicate that the respective brief instruments’ identification of depression and binge eating is comparable to established questionnaires. Our results play a role in offering brief screening tools to be included at different points of assessment, together with established questionnaires and clinical interviews for a more accurate and comprehensive assessment.

scholarly journals Comparison of PHQ-9 and PHQ-2 as Screening Tools for Depression and School Related Stress in Inner City Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110537
Author(s):  
Paridhi Anand ◽  
Navpreet Bhurji ◽  
Nadia Williams ◽  
Ninad Desai
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Depression Screening ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Related Stress

Background Major depressive disorder is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in adolescents. Suicide is one of the leading causes of mortality between 15 and 19 years. Both AAP and USPSTF recommend routine depression screening of adolescents. Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) are widely used in primary care practice, however, PHQ-2 does not screen for suicidality. School-related factors are known to affect adolescent mental health. Purpose To compare PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 for depression screening in adolescents, with respect to age, gender, chronic illness over the course of 9 months. Methods As a QI initiative, we compared screening results in our inner-city pediatric practice using PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 from Jun’18 to Feb’19. EMR of 2364 patients 12 to 21 years were reviewed. We considered the PHQ-2 score of ≥2 and PHQ-9 of ≥10 as positive. Pre-existing chronic medical and mental illnesses were noted. Results Of these 61.5% of patients were females, 95% were Black/Hispanic, and 96% were insured by Medicaid. About 10.6% of PHQ-9 tests were positive whereas 7.4% PHQ2 were positive. Logistic regression was performed to ascertain the effects of age, gender, and chronic illness. Females were more likely to have a positive screen, as were patients with chronic illness. Age had no effect on the outcome. The screening yield for both tests was comparable in the summer months. PHQ9 yield increased while schools were in session while PHQ 2 remained stable. Conclusion PHQ9 is superior as a screening test compared to PHQ2. Repeat screening should be targeted toward patients with chronic medical conditions and/or mental health diagnoses. PHQ9 may be better at screening for school-related stress.

scholarly journals Online Mental Health Assessments of COVID-19 Patients in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Hyun Lee ◽  
Dayoung Lee ◽  
Soyoen Hyun ◽  
Ji Sun Hong ◽  
Chang-Hoon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Post Traumatic

Experiences of infectious diseases cause stressful and traumatic life events, hence, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients could suffer from various mental health problems requiring psychological support services. This study investigates the severity of mental health problems among confirmed COVID-19 patients. From March to November 2020, we collected the data from 118 COVID-19 patients who voluntarily participated in the National Center for Disaster Trauma's online mental health assessment consisting of self-report scales like Primary Care of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder screen (PC-PTSD), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), and P4 Suicidality Screener. For control, 116 other disaster-experienced and 386 non-COVID-19-experienced participants were recruited. The COVID-19 patients showed more severe symptoms including post-traumatic symptoms, depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms than control groups across all four screening scales (p < 0.001). Regarding high-risk, COVID-19 patients had an increased association with high-risk compared to the comparison groups (PC-PTSD: OR = 24.16, 95% CI = 13.52–43.16 p < 0.001; PHQ-9: OR = 14.45, 95% CI = 8.29–25.19, p < 0.001; GAD-7: OR=20.71, 95% CI = 10.74–39.96, p < 0.001; PHQ-15: OR = 5.65, 95% CI = 3.44–9.25, p < 0.001; P4: OR = 14.67, 95% CI = 8.95–25.07, p < 0.001). This study's results imply that there is a high-risk of overall mental health problems, especially stronger associations of post-traumatic stress symptoms, in COVID-19 patients. These findings help inform practitioners about the psychological responses to COVID-19 experiences and to prepare appropriate interventions and services for the incremental number of confirmed cases.

scholarly journals A Pilot Study on Using the Patient Health Questionnaire in the Primary Care Setting in Japan

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Waza ◽  
Graham Antonnette ◽  
Zyzanski Stephen ◽  
Kazuo Inoue ◽  
Masato Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Primary Care Setting ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Patient Health

scholarly journals COVID-19-Pandemie: Belastungen des medizinischen Personals

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (04) ◽  
pp. 190-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Bohlken ◽  
Friederike Schömig ◽  
Matthias R. Lemke ◽  
Matthias Pumberger ◽  
Steffi G. Riedel-Heller
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Healthcare Worker ◽  
Soziale Unterstützung ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Letter To The Editor ◽  
Patient Health

Zusammenfassung Ziel Darstellung von Studien zur psychischen Belastung von medizinischem Personal unter Bedingungen der COVID-19-Pandemie. Methodik PubMed-gestützte Suche mit den Stichworten COVID 19“, „stress“, „mental health“, „healthcare worker“, „staff“, „psychiatry“. Eingeschlossen wurden quantitative Studien, (inkl. „Letter to the editor“) zur Belastung des medizinischen Personals im Zeitraum von Januar bis März 2020. Ergebnisse Es wurden 14 Studien mit Klinikpersonal aus Infektionsabteilungen, Abteilungen für Fieberkranke, Abteilungen der Inneren Medizin inklusive Intensivstationen sowie der Chirurgie und Psychiatrie identifiziert. Am häufigsten wurden der Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), die Self-rating-Anxiety Scale (SAS) und die Impact of Event Scale (IES-R) verwendet. Die Stichprobengröße schwankte zwischen 37 und 1257 Personen des überwiegend pflegerischen und ärztlichen Personals. Der Anteil an COVID-19-nahen Tätigkeiten schwankte zwischen 7,5 % und 100 %. Es wurde eine erhebliche Belastung durch Stresserleben, depressive und ängstliche Symptome berichtet. Schwere Ausprägungsgrade fanden sich bei 2,2–14,5 % der Befragten. Die Ausprägung der psychischen Symptomatik wurde beeinflusst durch Alter, Geschlecht, Berufsgruppe, Fachrichtung, Art der Tätigkeit und die Nähe zu COVID-19-Patienten. Als Mediatorvariablen wurden das Personalmanagement, die präventive Intervention, die Resilienz und vorhandene soziale Unterstützung angesehen. Schlussfolgerung Angesichts der Häufigkeit psychischer Symptome bei medizinischem Personal erscheinen begleitende psychiatrisch-psychotherapeutisch informierte Interventionen notwendig, um eine Bewältigung zu unterstützen. Eine schnell einsetzende Forschung ist in diesem Bereich wünschenswert.

Depression Diagnostic of Patient Health Questionnaire-9: Pilot Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 638
Author(s):  
N. Kornetov ◽  
E. Zatochkina ◽  
Y. Chernousova
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Patient Health

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Brazilian version of Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) in Quilombola population using the Item Response Theory

Salud Mental ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Sabrina Martins Barroso ◽  
Ana Paula Souto Melo ◽  
Mônia Aparecida da Silva ◽  
Mark Drew Crosland Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Response Theory ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Depressive Episodes

Introduction. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) is one of the most validated tools used to detect depressive episodes in Brazil. Objective. This study investigates the psychometric properties of the PHQ-9 using the Item Response Theory. Method. We used the gradual response model to assess depression in 764 residents of Brazilian rural communities of descended from slaves (quilombos) from the county of Vitória da Conquista, state of Bahia, Brazil, who had responded to PHQ-9. We estimated the parameters for item discrimination and difficulty. Results. The items of the PHQ-9 showed the ability to discriminate from moderate to very high. The items evaluating thoughts of hurting oneself and death showed the greatest discrimination while feeling depressed showed the lowest discrimination. Discussion and conclusion. The Item Response Theory enables advances in the analysis of the psychometric properties of the screening tools assessing depression, and indicates that PHQ-9 can be used in rural populations in Brazil.

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