The occupational repertoires of children with mobility difficulties: The child’s perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 228-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Barcelos Pontes ◽  
Katie Mah ◽  
Adrianne K Arnold ◽  
Helene J Polatajko ◽  
Jane A Davis
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Card Sort ◽  
Physical Impairments ◽  
Occupational Participation ◽  
The Impact

Introduction Children with mobility difficulties are thought to share similar participation repertoires due to the impact of their physical impairments. However, with these children, as with all others, individual differences and contexts should mediate occupational repertoires and experiences, resulting in participation differences, at least in part. This study aimed to explore the occupational repertoires of children with mobility difficulties and their view of their occupational participation. Methods Five children with mobility difficulties were assessed using the paediatric activity card sort, to establish their occupational repertoires. Semi-structured interviews were used to understand the children’s occupational participation. Findings Our findings suggest that children with mobility issues are more likely to participate in quiet occupations, but not exclusively. The children defined participation in their own way. Conclusion The knowledge about how children with mobility difficulties understand participation in occupation can help occupational therapists to establish goals with their clients and personalise interventions.

scholarly journals Lessons Learned: Occupational Therapy in Nursing Homes during the First Wave of COVID-19 in Spain

Healthcare ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Sara Chimento-Díaz ◽  
Isabel Espino-Tato ◽  
Jose M. Garcia-Alonso ◽  
Pablo A. Cantero-Garlito
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
The Impact

This research aims to explore the perception that occupational therapists working in elderly care facilities have about the measures implemented against the COVID-19 pandemic in their resources, and the impact that these measures have had on occupational therapy in these facilities. An interpretive paradigm was selected, using a qualitative approach and a phenomenological design. Sixteen occupational therapists working in elderly care facilities in two Spanish regions were included. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. A discourse analysis of the narrative information was carried out using open, axial, and selective coding processes and the constant comparison method. Four themes were extracted from the analysis results: The initial chaos in senior centers; The blurring of occupational therapists’ roles; The emergence of technology; and organizational and therapeutic proposals for future pandemics. The pandemic had a significant impact on the care and therapeutic processes in elderly care facilities. Occupational therapists had to stop performing their functions to dedicate themselves to other support, auxiliary or communication tasks between the center and the families. Similarly, it is worth noting the emergence of low-cost technology to facilitate communication and to carry out some therapeutic interventions.

Exploring the impact of brain cancer on people and their participation

2018 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrine Hammill ◽  
Catherine G Stewart ◽  
Natasha Kosic ◽  
Lauren Bellamy ◽  
Hannah Irvine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Brain Cancer ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cancer Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Side Effects ◽  
Therapy Services ◽  
Occupational Participation ◽  
The Impact

Introduction Brain cancer diagnoses are rising, and the prognosis is commonly life-limiting. Brain cancer symptoms and the side effects of treatment are imposing and harmful. Little is known about the effect of these symptoms and treatments on occupational participation or about the role that occupational therapy can play for people with brain cancer. Methods Sixteen participants with brain cancer were purposively recruited from a single site. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews. Interviews were analysed thematically. Results Three overarching themes were identified: (a) ‘there’s a lot of things that I can’t do anymore’: adverse effects of tumour and treatments; (b) ‘you adjust with adversity’: accepting altered occupational participation levels; (c) occupational therapy: ‘why is she here?’ Conclusions Findings highlight a connection between brain cancer symptoms, treatment side effects and occupational participation. A disconnect was found between occupational therapy services and occupational needs. Further research could explore whether realigning occupational therapy services to address the concerns identified in this study leads to enhanced occupational participation through the journey of brain cancer.

scholarly journals Dependency and Care: Perspectives from the Point of View of Professionals Assessing Situations of Dependency in Spain

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo A. Cantero-Garlito ◽  
Juan Antonio Flores-Martos ◽  
Pedro Moruno-Miralles
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Budget Cuts ◽  
Constant Comparative Method ◽  
Unequal Access ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To describe how the assessors of dependency have perceived the process of implementation of the Dependency Act in Spain. Methods: A qualitative method was used to analyse interview data (discourse analysis). Purposive sampling was applied. Sixteen occupational therapists were included, who served as dependency assessors in Extremadura, a region of southern Spain. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews between February and March 2019, focused on the characteristic of the Dependency Act. A discourse analysis of the narrative information was performed using processes of open, axial, and selective coding, as well as the constant comparative method. Results: Three topics were identified: (1) Benefits of implementation, connected with the consideration as subjects of rights and the increase in resources. (2) Difficulties linked to the bureaucratization of the process, the lack of sensitivity of the scale of assessment, and the unequal access to benefits and services. (3) The impact of the 2012 budget cuts on financing and on dependent people and their families. Conclusions: The Dependency Act has established itself as a political tool that has generated important social and economic benefits. However, significant difficulties have emerged, which should be addressed to ensure better care for dependent persons.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Exploration into the Sensory Experiences of Autistic Mothers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moyna Catherine Talcer ◽  
Orla Duffy ◽  
Katy Pedlow
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Sensory Experiences ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Qualitative Exploration ◽  
The Impact

AbstractResearch has found 96% of autistic individuals experience sensory processing difficulties, and being a parent presents many sensory demands that may be especially challenging for autistic mothers. Despite the high prevalence, no research exists exploring the sensory experiences of autistic mothers, highlighting the gap in current knowledge. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 7 autistic mothers, data were analysed using thematic analysis identifying 5 major themes: antenatal experiences, sensory experiences in motherhood, the impact of sensory processing difficulties, strategies and needs, diagnosis. This research provides greater insight and understanding into the sensory experiences of autistic mothers which can influence earlier diagnosis and inform appropriate support and adaptations for autistic mothers in a variety of different sectors and highlights a possible emerging role for Occupational Therapists.

scholarly journals Engagement in Music Therapy: A Detailed study of Communication Between the Therapist and Client Presenting with Severe and Multiple Handicaps

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Miona Stamenovic
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Eye Contact ◽  
Multiple Disabilities ◽  
Therapy Session ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Physical Impairments ◽  
Verbal Responses ◽  
Verbal Language ◽  
The Impact

<p>The impact of multiple disabilities causes difficulties in the area of communication. Individuals with severe and multiple handicaps often have no verbal language as a result of serious physical impairments. This population may show little obvious response and it is therefore difficult to know if they are engaged and for the person him or herself to maintain engagement when involved in activities. The purpose of the study was to find out what happens in a normal music therapy session, during moments of perceived engagement. Four individuals experienced in the field of multiple disabilities were invited to take part in semi-structured interviews where they observed a half hour video of a therapist and a student with severe and multiple handicaps participating in music therapy. Data was analyzed in two steps, firstly through participants observing and explaining their reactions to video of music therapy and secondly by the researcher interviewing the participants and writing up a transcript of their commentaries about the video. The key themes that emerged in participants' descriptions of engagement during moments in music therapy suggest it is possible to observe and identify engagement as reflected in the students' non-verbal responses, such as body movement, eye contact and vocalizations.</p>

scholarly journals Engagement in Music Therapy: A Detailed study of Communication Between the Therapist and Client Presenting with Severe and Multiple Handicaps

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Miona Stamenovic
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Eye Contact ◽  
Multiple Disabilities ◽  
Therapy Session ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Physical Impairments ◽  
Verbal Responses ◽  
Verbal Language ◽  
The Impact

<p>The impact of multiple disabilities causes difficulties in the area of communication. Individuals with severe and multiple handicaps often have no verbal language as a result of serious physical impairments. This population may show little obvious response and it is therefore difficult to know if they are engaged and for the person him or herself to maintain engagement when involved in activities. The purpose of the study was to find out what happens in a normal music therapy session, during moments of perceived engagement. Four individuals experienced in the field of multiple disabilities were invited to take part in semi-structured interviews where they observed a half hour video of a therapist and a student with severe and multiple handicaps participating in music therapy. Data was analyzed in two steps, firstly through participants observing and explaining their reactions to video of music therapy and secondly by the researcher interviewing the participants and writing up a transcript of their commentaries about the video. The key themes that emerged in participants' descriptions of engagement during moments in music therapy suggest it is possible to observe and identify engagement as reflected in the students' non-verbal responses, such as body movement, eye contact and vocalizations.</p>

scholarly journals An exploration of the role of occupational therapists in addressing sexuality with service users post stroke

2021 ◽  
pp. 030802262199302
Author(s):  
Jessica Heron ◽  
Bethan Owen-Booth
Keyword(s):  
Inductive Reasoning ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Scope Of Practice ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Community Environments ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Inductive Thematic Analysis

Introduction Research suggests stroke negatively affects sexuality yet is rarely addressed by healthcare professionals. This study aims to explore occupational therapists’ perceptions of addressing sexuality post stroke with service users and whether they perceive it to fit into their scope of practice. Method A qualitative study was undertaken following an inductive reasoning approach. Three occupational therapists working within stroke rehabilitation were purposively recruited. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews and analysed using inductive thematic analysis to generate four significant themes. Findings Findings generated the following themes: (1) Acknowledging the impact stroke has on sexuality. (2) Consideration of the appropriate stage of the stroke journey to address sexuality; identifying home/community environments to be more appropriate, utilising a multi-disciplinary approach to facilitate this. (3) Barriers to addressing sexuality, including staff’s personal feelings, inexperience, limited resources and ageism. (4) Facilitators to addressing sexuality, including approaching the topic appropriately and utilising the role of occupational therapy and resources. Conclusion This study highlights the gap in the stroke journey where sexuality lies and the role occupational therapists can play in closing this gap. Utilising facilitators such as resources and a multi-disciplinary approach can overcome barriers to practice including embarrassment, prejudice and inexperience.

The Need to Belong and the Relationship Between Loneliness and Health

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 194-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freda-Marie Hartung ◽  
Britta Renner
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Health State ◽  
Need To Belong ◽  
First Year University ◽  
Perceived Social Isolation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Humans are social animals; consequently, a lack of social ties affects individuals’ health negatively. However, the desire to belong differs between individuals, raising the question of whether individual differences in the need to belong moderate the impact of perceived social isolation on health. In the present study, 77 first-year university students rated their loneliness and health every 6 weeks for 18 weeks. Individual differences in the need to belong were found to moderate the relationship between loneliness and current health state. Specifically, lonely students with a high need to belong reported more days of illness than those with a low need to belong. In contrast, the strength of the need to belong had no effect on students who did not feel lonely. Thus, people who have a strong need to belong appear to suffer from loneliness and become ill more often, whereas people with a weak need to belong appear to stand loneliness better and are comparatively healthy. The study implies that social isolation does not impact all individuals identically; instead, the fit between the social situation and an individual’s need appears to be crucial for an individual’s functioning.

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