Muscle endurance training of the neck triggers migraine attacks

Background Most migraine patients report neck pain as part of their migraine symptomatology, but it is unknown whether triggering neck pain would induce migraine attacks. Our aim was to assess the occurrence of headache and/or neck pain after an endurance test of the neck muscles among migraineurs and controls. Methods Sixty-five patients with migraine and 32 headache-free participants underwent a manual examination of the cervical spine by an assessor blinded towards the diagnosis and were sub-classified according to the appearance or absence of neck pain. Subsequently, the endurance of the neck flexors and extensors was tested three times, in a random order. The maximum sustained duration was recorded and the test was terminated when the subject was unable to maintain the position or reported pain. On the day after the assessment, participants were asked to report the potential occurrence of headache or neck symptoms. Results None of the controls reported headache after assessment, while migraine-like headache was reported by 42% of the patients with migraine ( p < 0.001) after 15.8 h (SD: 10.0). Neck pain was more prevalent in migraineurs compared to controls (45% vs. 16%, p = 0.006). When considering the neck pain subtype, there were no differences among the three profiles regarding neck pain but participants with referred pain to the head reported a migraine attack more often (45%, p = 0.03). Conclusion Patients with migraine are more likely to report neck pain and migraine attacks following a neck muscle endurance test. Participants with neck pain referred to the head during manual examination had a greater prevalence of migraine attacks than those without or with only local pain.

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Intra and Inter-Rater Reliability for Deep Neck Flexor and Neck Extensor Muscle Endurance Tests in Subjects with and without Subclinical Neck Pain

Physikalische Medizin Rehabilitationsmedizin Kurortmedizin ◽

10.1055/a-0901-5839 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 58 (06) ◽

pp. 310-316 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Khalid A. Alahmari ◽

Ravi S. Reddy ◽

Paul Silvian ◽

Irshad Ahmad ◽

Venkata Nagaraj Kakarparthi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neck Pain ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Extensor Muscle ◽

Muscle Endurance ◽

Neck Muscle ◽

Assessment Procedure ◽

Endurance Test ◽

Rater Reliability ◽

Endurance Tests ◽

Good Agreement

Abstract Purpose Deep neck flexor (DNF) and neck extensor (NE) muscle endurance tests are a part of standard assessment procedure in routine physical therapy practice and these tests needs to be reliable. Materials and Methods Intra-rater (between-day) and inter-rater (within-day) reliability was assessed for 2 neck muscle endurance tests in 26 subclinical neck pain and 31 normal subjects by 2 blinded assessors. The tests conducted included 1) DNF endurance test performed in supine and 2) NE muscle endurance test performed in prone position. Results and discussion The Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability was determined by means of Intra Class Correlation (ICC), with 95% confidence intervals. The intra rater reliability testing showed good agreement for both DNF (ICC=0.76 and 0.78) and NE muscle endurance (ICC=0.75 and 0.76) tests. Meanwhile, the inter-rater reliability showed moderate to good agreement for both DNF (ICC – 0.58 and 0.61) and NE muscle endurance tests (ICC – 0.57 and 0.74) in subjects with subclinical neck pain. Subclinical neck pain subjects had a significantly lower endurance holding times compared to normal (p<0.001). Conclusion The intra and inter rater reliability ranged from moderate to good agreement. Neck flexor and extensor muscle endurance can be measured reliably in a clinical setup in subjects with subclinical neck pain.

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Neck Muscle Strength and Mobility of the Cervical Spine as Predictors of Neck Pain

Spine ◽

10.1097/brs.0b013e31823b405e ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 37 (12) ◽

pp. 1036-1040 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Petri Salo ◽

Jari Ylinen ◽

Hannu Kautiainen ◽

Keijo Häkkinen ◽

Arja Häkkinen

Keyword(s):

Cervical Spine ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Neck Pain ◽

Neck Muscle

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Reliability of a Measurement of Neck Flexor Muscle Endurance

Physical Therapy ◽

10.1093/ptj/85.12.1349 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 85 (12) ◽

pp. 1349-1355 ◽

Cited By ~ 120

Author(s):

Kevin D Harris ◽

Darren M Heer ◽

Tanja C Roy ◽

Diane M Santos ◽

Julie M Whitman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neck Pain ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Interrater Reliability ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Test Session ◽

Muscle Endurance ◽

Flexor Muscle ◽

Endurance Test ◽

Initial Session ◽

Standard Error Of Measurement

Abstract Background and Purpose. Neck flexor muscle endurance has been negatively correlated with cervical pain and dysfunction. The purposes of this study were to determine rater reliability in subjects both withand without neck pain and to determine whether there was a difference in neck flexor muscle endurance between the 2 groups. Subjects. Forty-one subjects with and without neck pain were enrolled in this repeated-measures reliability study. Methods. Two raters used an isometric neck retraction test to assess neck flexor muscle endurancefor all subjects during an initial session, and subjects without neck pain returned for testing 1 week later. Results. For the group without neck pain, intrarater reliability was good to excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC(3,1)]=.82–.91), and interrater reliability was moderate to good (ICC[2,1]=.67–.78). The associated standard error of measurement (SEM) ranged from 8.0 to 11.0 seconds and from 12.6 to 15.3 seconds, respectively. For the group with neck pain, interrater reliability was moderate(ICC[2,1]=.67, SEM=11.5). Neck flexor muscle endurance test results for the group without neck pain (X̄=38.95 seconds, SD=26.4) and the group with neck pain (X̄=24.1 seconds, SD=12.8) were significantly different. Discussion and Conclusion. Reliability coefficients differed between the 2 groups and ranged from moderate to excellent and improved after the first test session. The interrater reliability of data obtained with the neck flexor muscle endurance test in people with neck pain must be improved in order for clinicians to distinguish a clinically meaningful change from measurement error. Neck flexor muscle endurance was both statistically and clinically greater for subjects without neck pain than for those with neck pain.

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Randomized controlled trial of exercise interventions for chronic whiplash-associated disorders: One-year follow-up of the effect on neck muscle endurance, active cervical range of motion and grip strength.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-35272/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Gunnel Peterson ◽

Maria Landén Ludvigsson ◽

Anneli Peolsson

Keyword(s):

Neck Pain ◽

Pain Intensity ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Reference Values ◽

Muscle Endurance ◽

Neck Muscle ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Whiplash Associated Disorders

Abstract Background: Years after whiplash injury, more than 40 % of people experience persistent neck pain and disability, called whiplash-associated disorders (WAD). The relations between neck related function, neck pain and disability are inconclusive and need to be further investigated. The aims were; a) to compare the effect of three different exercise interventions – neck-specific exercise (NSE), NSE with a behavioral approach (NSEB) and prescribed physical activity (PPA) – on neck-muscle endurance (NME), active cervical range of motion (AROM), grip strength and pain intensity immediately before and after the tests, and b) to compare neck-disability in individuals who are below or above the cut-off for normative reference values of healthy individuals regarding NME, AROM and grip strength.Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled multicenter study including 12 months’ follow-up. A total of 216 individuals with chronic WAD grades II or III were recruited. Data were recorded at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. Linear mixed models were used and sub-group analyses were evaluated with non-parametric tests.Results: NSE and NSEB resulted in greater improvements compared to PPA (p < .01) and were maintained at 12 months’ follow-up in ventral (only males) and dorsal NME, AROM and pain intensity during testing. In grip strength, there were no significant between-group differences (p > 0.05). There were no significant differences between the NSE and NSEB groups (p > .05). Sub-group analyses revealed improvement in disability at 12 months follow-up in NSE and/or NSEB for individuals both below and above the cut-off reference value in NME and AROM. More severe disability was seen in individuals below the reference values both at baseline and 12 months’ follow-up. Individuals in the PPA group below the reference values in NME and AROM reported increasing disability at 12 months compared to baseline.Conclusion: The results suggest that neck-specific exercises (NSE, NSEB) improved clinical function and decreased disability in chronic WAD compared to PPA. The results may imply that higher neck-related clinical function can be important for reduced disability. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01528579, date of registration: February 8, 2012, retrospectively registered; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT0152857

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Associations of neck muscle strength and cervical spine mobility with future neck pain and disability: a prospective 16-year study

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12891-021-04807-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Juhani Multanen ◽

Arja Häkkinen ◽

Hannu Kautiainen ◽

Jari Ylinen

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Cervical Spine ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Neck Pain ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Range Of Motion ◽

Neck Muscle ◽

Spine Mobility ◽

Neck Strength ◽

Neck Disability

Abstract Background Neck pain has been associated with weaker neck muscle strength and decreased cervical spine range of motion. However, whether neck muscle strength or cervical spine mobility predict later neck disability has not been demonstrated. In this 16-year prospective study, we investigated whether neck muscle strength and cervical spine mobility are associated with future neck pain and related disability in women pain-free at baseline. Methods Maximal isometric neck muscle strength and passive range of motion (PROM) of the cervical spine of 220 women (mean age 40, standard deviation (SD) 12 years) were measured at baseline between 2000 and 2002. We conducted a postal survey 16 years later to determine whether any subjects had experienced neck pain and related disability. Linear regression analysis adjusted for age and body mass index was used to determine to what extent baseline neck strength and PROM values were associated with future neck pain and related disability assessed using the Neck Disability Index (NDI). Results The regression analysis Beta coefficient remained below 0.1 for all the neck strength and PROM values, indicating no association between neck pain and related disability. Of the 149 (68%) responders, mean NDI was lowest (3.3, SD 3.8) in participants who had experienced no neck pain (n = 50), second lowest (7.7, SD 7.1) in those who had experienced occasional neck pain (n = 94), and highest (19.6, SD 22.0) in those who had experienced chronic neck pain (n = 5). Conclusions This 16-year prospective study found no evidence for an association between either neck muscle strength or mobility and the occurrence in later life of neck pain and disability. Therefore, screening healthy subjects for weaker neck muscle strength or poorer cervical spine mobility cannot be recommended for preventive purposes.

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Republished: Just a drop of cement: a case of cervical spine bone aneurysmal cyst successfully treated by percutaneous injection of a small amount of polymethyl-methacrylate cement

Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery ◽

10.1136/neurintsurg-2014-011541.rep ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. e4-e4 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Robert Fahed ◽

Frédéric Clarençon ◽

Guillaume Riouallon ◽

Evelyne Cormier ◽

Raphael Bonaccorsi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Spine ◽

Neck Pain ◽

Polymethyl Methacrylate ◽

Aneurysmal Bone Cyst ◽

Bone Cyst ◽

Cervical Vertebra ◽

Chronic Neck Pain ◽

Percutaneous Injection ◽

Local Pain ◽

The Third

Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a benign hemorrhagic tumor, commonly revealed by local pain. The best treatment for this lesion is still controversial. We report the case of a patient with chronic neck pain revealing an ABC of the third cervical vertebra. After percutaneous injection of a small amount of polymethyl-methacrylate bone cement, the patient experienced significant clinical and radiological improvement.

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Effect of Smartphone Usage on Neck Muscle Endurance, Hand Grip and Pinch Strength among Healthy College Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18126290 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (12) ◽

pp. 6290

Author(s):

Adel Alshahrani ◽

Mohamed Samy Abdrabo ◽

Sobhy M. Aly ◽

Mastour Saeed Alshahrani ◽

Raee S. Alqhtani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Pinch Strength ◽

Muscle Endurance ◽

Smartphone Addiction ◽

Neck Muscle ◽

Endurance Test ◽

Endurance Time ◽

Pinch Grip ◽

Hand Grip

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in global smartphone usage driven by different purposes. This study aimed to explore the effect of smartphone usage on neck muscle (flexors and extensors) endurance, hand grip, and pinch strength among young, healthy college students. In total, 40 male students were recruited for this study; 20 of them belonged to the smartphone-addicted group, while the other 20 were in the non-addicted group based on their smartphone addiction scale—short version (SAS-SV) scores (the threshold for determining smartphone addiction: 31/60). Neck flexor endurance time, the ability to perform a neck extensor muscle endurance test, and hand and pinch grip strength were assessed. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to assess between-group differences in the mean values of neck flexor endurance time, hand grip, and pinch grip. A significant group effect (Wilks’ lambda = 0.51, F (5,34) = 6.34, p = 0.001, partial eta squared = 0.48) was found. A decrease in neck flexor endurance time was observed in the smartphone-addicted group compared with that of the non-addicted group (p < 0.001). However, there was no notable difference in the neck extensor muscle endurance test or in hand grip and pinch grip strength of both hands between groups (p > 0.05). Using a smartphone for a prolonged time might affect neck flexor muscle endurance; however, more research is needed to explore the long-term effects of using smartphones on neck muscle endurance and hand/pinch grip strength and the risk of developing upper limb neuromusculoskeletal dysfunction.

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