The Perioperative Continuation of Aspirin in Patients Undergoing Arthroscopic Surgery of the Knee

Background: The perioperative withdrawal of aspirin increases the risk of cardiac, neurologic, and vascular thromboembolic events. The safety of continuing aspirin in patients undergoing knee arthroscopy is unknown. Hypothesis: Perioperative continuation of aspirin does not increase surgical complications or worsen outcomes in patients 50 years of age and older undergoing knee arthroscopy. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: This is a single-center, institutional review board–approved, prospective matched dual-cohort study comparing the surgical complication rates and postoperative outcomes of patients taking daily aspirin with those of unmedicated controls. Ninety patients who were 50 years of age or older and taking 81 mg or 325 mg daily aspirin were matched to 90 controls. Patients were matched on age, surgery type, and the use of a tourniquet. A complication was defined as bleeding, wound dehiscence, or wound infection requiring reoperation. Postoperative outcome measures including hematoma formation, extent of ecchymosis (mm), visual analog scale (VAS) scores for pain and swelling, and the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) were collected preoperatively and postoperatively (10-14 days and 4-6 weeks). Results: There were no complications (0%) in either cohort. There was no difference in hematoma formation (aspirin, 1.8%; controls, 2.4%; P = .79), incidence of ecchymosis (aspirin, 17%; controls, 21%; P = .70), or the average extent of ecchymosis (aspirin, 124.6 mm; controls, 80.3 mm; P = .36) between patients taking aspirin and controls. There was no significant difference in pre- or postoperative knee range of motion between controls and patients taking aspirin. The KOOS subscores and VAS pain scores were similar between patients taking aspirin and controls at baseline and at follow-up. Conclusion: The perioperative continuation of daily aspirin in patients 50 years of age and older undergoing arthroscopic procedures of the knee is safe and does not result in an increased rate of bleeding or wound complications requiring reoperation. Continued aspirin use in patients 50 years of age and older had no significant effect on postoperative physical examination measures or patient-rated outcome scores.

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Nonunion Rates in Hind- and Midfoot Arthrodesis in Current, Ex-, and Nonsmokers

Foot & Ankle International ◽

10.1177/1071100720971269 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 107110072097126

Author(s):

Jack Allport ◽

Jayasree Ramaskandhan ◽

Malik S. Siddique

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Relative Risk ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Time Frame ◽

Modifiable Risk Factor ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Nonunion rates in hind or midfoot arthrodesis have been reported as high as 41%. The most notable and readily modifiable risk factor that has been identified is smoking. In 2018, 14.4% of the UK population were active smokers. We examined the effect of smoking status on union rates for a large cohort of patients undergoing hind- or midfoot arthrodesis. Methods: In total, 381 consecutive primary joint arthrodeses were identified from a single surgeon’s logbook (analysis performed on a per joint basis, with a triple fusion reported as 3 separate joints). Patients were divided based on self-reported smoking status. Primary outcome was clinical union. Delayed union, infection, and the need for ultrasound bone stimulation were secondary outcomes. Results: Smoking prevalence was 14.0%, and 32.2% were ex-smokers. Groups were comparable for sex, diabetes, and body mass index. Smokers were younger and had fewer comorbidities. Nonunion rates were higher in smokers (relative risk, 5.81; 95% CI, 2.54-13.29; P < .001) with no statistically significant difference between ex-smokers and nonsmokers. Smokers had higher rates of infection ( P = .05) and bone stimulator use ( P < .001). Among smokers, there was a trend toward slower union with heavier smoking ( P = .004). Conclusion: This large retrospective cohort study confirmed previous evidence that smoking has a considerable negative effect on union in arthrodesis. The 5.81 relative risk in a modifiable risk factor is extremely high. Arthrodesis surgery should be undertaken with extreme caution in smokers. Our study shows that after cessation of smoking, the risk returns to normal, but we were unable to quantify the time frame. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective cohort study.

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The change of coagulation profile in two-staged arthroplasty for periprosthetic joint infection patients: a retrospective cohort study

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research ◽

10.1186/s13018-021-02477-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hao Li ◽

Rui Li ◽

L. L. Li ◽

Wei Chai ◽

Chi Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Periprosthetic Joint Infection ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Persistent Infection ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Joint Infection ◽

Diagnostic Study ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Coagulation Profile ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Aims Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a serious complication of total joint arthroplasty. We performed a retrospective cohort study to evaluate (1) the change of coagulation profile in two-staged arthroplasty patients and (2) the relationship between coagulation profile and the outcomes of reimplantation. Method Between January 2011 and December 2018, a total of 202 PJI patients who were operated on with two-staged arthroplasty were included in this study initially. This study continued for 2 years and the corresponding medical records were scrutinized to establish the diagnosis of PJI based on the 2014 MSIS criteria. The coagulation profile was recorded at two designed points, (1) preresection and (2) preimplantation. The difference of coagulation profile between preresection and preimplantation was evaluated. Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were used to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the coagulation profile and change of coagulation profile for predicting persistent infection before reimplantation. Results The levels of APTT, INR, platelet count, PT, TT, and plasma fibrinogen before spacer implantation were significantly higher than before reimplantation. No significant difference was detected in the levels of D-dimer, ACT, and AT3 between the two groups. The AUC of the combined coagulation profile and the change of combined coagulation profile for predicting persistent infection before reimplantation was 0.667 (95% CI 0.511, 0.823) and 0.667 (95% CI 0.526, 0.808), respectively. Conclusion The coagulation profile before preresection is different from before preimplantation in two-staged arthroplasty and the coagulation markers may play a role in predicting infection eradication before reimplantation when two-stage arthroplasty is performed. Level of evidence Level III, diagnostic study.

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The Change of Coagulation Profile in Two-staged Arthroplasty for Periprosthetic Joint Infection Patients：A Retrospective Cohort Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-157725/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hao Li ◽

Rui Li ◽

Liangliang Li ◽

Chi Xu ◽

Wei Chai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Periprosthetic Joint Infection ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Persistent Infection ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Joint Infection ◽

Diagnostic Study ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Coagulation Profile ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Aims：Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) a serious complication of total joint arthroplasty. We performed a retrospective cohort study to evaluate 1) the change of coagulation profile in two-staged arthroplasty patients 2) the relationship between coagulation profile and the outcomes of reimplantation. Method: Between 2011 January and 2018 December, a total of 202 PJI patients who were performed with two-staged arthroplasty were included in this study initially. They were followed up at least 2 years and corresponding medical records were scrutinized to establish the diagnosis of PJI based on the 2014 MSIS criteria. The coagulation profile was recorded at two designed points 1) preresection and 2) preimplantation. Then, the difference of coagulation profile between preresection and preimplantation was evaluated. Besides, receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were used to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of coagulation profile and the change of coagulation profile for predicting persistent infection before reimplantation. Results: The levels of APTT, INR, platelet count, PT, TT and plasma fibrinogen before spacer implantation were significantly higher than that before reimplantation. No significant difference was detected in the levels of D-dimer, ACT, AT3 between the two groups. The AUC of the combined coagulation profile and the change of combined coagulation profile for predicting persistent infection before reimplantation was 0.667 (95%CI:(0.511,0.823) and 0.667 (95%CI: (0.526,0.808)), respectively.Conclusion: The coagulation profile before preresection is different from that before preimplantation in two-staged arthroplasty and the coagulation markers may play a role in predicting infection eradication before reimplantation when two-stage arthroplasty is performed. Level of Evidence: level III, diagnostic study

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Safety of Outpatient Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1093/neuros/nyy636 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 86 (1) ◽

pp. 30-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Ketan Yerneni ◽

John F Burke ◽

Pranathi Chunduru ◽

Annette M Molinaro ◽

K Daniel Riew ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Safety Profile ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Anterior Cervical Discectomy ◽

Complication Rates ◽

Outpatient Basis ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Cervical Discectomy ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Level I ◽

High Level

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is being increasingly offered on an outpatient basis. However, the safety profile of outpatient ACDF remains poorly defined. OBJECTIVE To review the medical literature on the safety of outpatient ACDF. METHODS We systematically reviewed the literature for articles published before April 1, 2018, describing outpatient ACDF and associated complications, including incidence of reoperation, stroke, thrombolytic events, dysphagia, hematoma, and mortality. A random-effects analysis was performed comparing complications between the inpatient and outpatient groups. RESULTS We identified 21 articles that satisfied the selection criteria, of which 15 were comparative studies. Most of the existing studies were retrospective, with a lack of level I or II studies on this topic. We found no statistically significant difference between inpatient and outpatient ACDF in overall complications, incidence of stroke, thrombolytic events, dysphagia, and hematoma development. However, patients undergoing outpatient ACDF had lower reported reoperation rates (P < .001), mortality (P < .001), and hospitalization duration (P < .001). CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis indicates that there is a lack of high level of evidence studies regarding the safety of outpatient ACDF. However, the existing literature suggests that outpatient ACDF can be safe, with low complication rates comparable to inpatient ACDF in well-selected patients. Patients with advanced age and comorbidities such as obesity and significant myelopathy are likely not suitable for outpatient ACDF. Spine surgeons must carefully evaluate each patient to decide whether outpatient ACDF is a safe option. Higher quality, large prospective randomized control trials are needed to accurately demonstrate the safety profile of outpatient ACDF.

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A Meta-Analysis of Complication Rates Among Different SMAS Facelift Techniques

Aesthetic Surgery Journal ◽

10.1093/asj/sjz045 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (9) ◽

pp. 927-942 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Andrew A Jacono ◽

A Sean Alemi ◽

Joseph L Russell

Keyword(s):

Facial Nerve ◽

Nerve Injury ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Complication Rates ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Facial Nerve Injury ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Smas Flap

AbstractBackgroundSub-superficial musculo-aponeurotic system (SMAS) rhytidectomy techniques are considered to have a higher complication profile, especially for facial nerve injury, compared with less invasive SMAS techniques. This results in surgeons avoiding sub-SMAS dissection.ObjectivesThe authors sought to aggregate and summarize data on complications among different SMAS facelift techniques.MethodsA broad systematic search was performed. All included studies: (1) described a SMAS facelifting technique categorized as SMAS plication, SMASectomy/imbrication, SMAS flap, high lateral SMAS flap, deep plane, and composite; and (2) reported the number of postoperative complications in participants. Meta-analysis was performed in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.ResultsA total 183 studies were included. High lateral SMAS (1.85%) and composite rhytidectomy (1.52%) had the highest rates of temporary nerve injury and were the only techniques to show a statistically significant difference compared with SMAS plication (odds ratio [OR] = 2.71 and 2.22, respectively, P < 0.05). Risk of permanent injury did not differ among techniques. An increase in major hematoma was found for the deep plane (1.22%, OR = 1.67, P < 0.05) and SMAS imbrication (1.92%, OR = 2.65, P < 0.01). Skin necrosis was higher with the SMAS flap (1.57%, OR = 2.29, P < 0.01).ConclusionsThere are statistically significant differences in complication rates between SMAS facelifting techniques for temporary facial nerve injury, hematoma, seroma, necrosis, and infection. Technique should be selected based on quality of results and not the complication profile.Level of Evidence: 2

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Complications Associated with Triple Arthrodesis Versus Non-Fusion Flatfoot Reconstruction: A Matched Cohort Study

Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics ◽

10.1177/2473011420s00393 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 2473011420S0039

Author(s):

William V. Probasco ◽

Benjamin E. Stein ◽

Cyrus Fassihi ◽

Lea McDaniel

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Complication ◽

Multivariate Regression ◽

Financial Burden ◽

Cost Of Care ◽

Wound Complications ◽

Complication Rates ◽

Triple Arthrodesis ◽

Total Cost ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Reconstruction Group

Category: Hindfoot; Midfoot/Forefoot; Other Introduction/Purpose: Pes planovalgus is a very common deformity of the foot, often resulting from adult acquired flatfoot disorder (AAFD). This deformity in its early stages is treated conservatively with non-operatively modalities such as bracing, however in its later stages often requires surgical correction of the deformity in order to improve the pain and function of the extremity. Two commonly performed procedures in the correction of this type of deformity are a triple arthrodesis or joint sparing flatfoot reconstruction. The objective of this study was to identify whether differences existed in the financial burden or complication rates of non-fusion flatfoot reconstruction versus triple arthrodesis. Methods: The PearlDiver Database was queried from 2006-2013 to identify all Medicare patients who were admitted for a triple arthrodesis or non-fusion flatfoot reconstruction. 2308 patients were identified in each cohort and statistically matched in a 1:1 manner to control for influence of demographics and/or comorbidities. Postoperative complication rates (within 30 days) were evaluated and broken down into major (PE/DVT, MI, CVA, sepsis, mortality, nerve injury) and minor (UTI, PNA, hardware failure, transfusion, wound complications) categories. Additionally, total cost of care including cost of readmissions, and readmission within 30 days were evaluated. Results: No significant differences were noted in the postoperative complication rates between the two procedures within the first 30 days post-operatively in the initial univariate regression. There was a significant difference in the rate of 30 day readmission with 2.3% of triple arthrodeses being readmitted vs. 1.08% in the non-fusion joint reconstruction group (p=.002). Adjusted multivariate regression yielded similar results, with no significant differences in postoperative complication rates. The difference in readmission rate remained significant in the multivariate regression (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.33-3.51, p=.002). Significant differences were also noted for mean total cost of care, with a higher mean total cost identified for the fusion group (x=7,868.0) compared to the reconstruction group (x=4,064.49, p<.001, Adjusted 𝛽𝛽 3,836.71, 95% CI 3,525.23 to 4,148.19, p<.001). Conclusion: This study compared triple arthrodesis versus joint-sparing flatfoot reconstruction. Within this study group there was no difference in complications between the two procedures. There was a significantly higher incidence of 30-day readmission in the triple arthrodesis group by about 2-fold. When comparing the total cost of care, there was a significantly higher cost associated with the triple arthrodesis, which cost on average about $3800 more than joint sparing flatfoot reconstruction. While revealing with regard to the aforementioned variables within the first 30 days post-operatively, further research needs to be conducted on the long term outcomes of these procedures. [Table: see text][Table: see text][Table: see text]

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Functional Dart-Throwing Motion: A Clinical Comparison of Four-Corner Fusion to Radioscapholunate Fusion Using Inertial Motion Capture

Journal of Wrist Surgery ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1710500 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 09 (04) ◽

pp. 321-327

Author(s):

Sina Babazadeh ◽

Ferraby Ling ◽

Nhan B. Nguyen ◽

Trieu H. Pham ◽

Pubudu N. Pathirana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Fusion Surgery ◽

Tertiary Center ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Partial Fusion ◽

Dart Throwing ◽

Radioscapholunate Fusion ◽

Healthy Control ◽

Throwing Motion

Abstract Background Dart-throwing motion (DTM) is an important functional arc of the wrist from radial extension to ulna flexion. An aim of partial fusion surgery of the wrist is to maintain maximal functional motion while addressing the pathology. The radioscapholunate (RSL) fusion, accompanied with partial resection of the distal scaphoid, is thought to allow better DTM than other partial wrist fusions such as the four-corner fusion (4CF). Question Does an RSL fusion allow better functional DTM than 4CF, and how does this range compare with healthy wrists and the patient's contralateral wrist? Patients and Methods Patients who have undergone an RSL fusion or 4CF at our tertiary center were identified and invited to present to have their DTM arc measured. To accurately measure DTM, a previously validated inertial measurement device was used. Patient's functional DTM arc was measured in both unrestrained (elbow and shoulder free to move) and restrained (elbow and shoulder immobilized) fashions. This was compared with their contralateral wrist and a group of healthy control volunteers. Results Overall five RSL fusions, 10 4CF and 24 control patients were enrolled in the study. There was no significant difference between functional DTM when 4CF and RSL fusion were compared. Both had significantly reduced functional DTM arc than control patients. There was no significant difference between the operated wrist compared with the patient's contralateral unoperated wrist. Conclusion RSL fusion is not significantly better at maintaining functional DTM when compared with 4CF. Both surgeries result in decreased functional DTM arc when compared with control patients. This is a cohort study and reflects a level of evidence IV. Level of Evidence This is a Leve IV, cohort study.

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Prepectoral Direct-to-Implant Breast Reconstruction: Early Outcomes and Analysis of Postoperative Pain

Aesthetic Surgery Journal Open Forum ◽

10.1093/asjof/ojz006 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rafi Fredman ◽

Cindy Wu ◽

Mihaela Rapolti ◽

Daniel Luckett ◽

Jason Fine ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Pain ◽

Breast Reconstruction ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Complication Rates ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Trade Offs ◽

Technological Advances ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Aesthetic Results ◽

Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy

Abstract Background Direct-to-implant (DTI) breast reconstruction provides high-quality aesthetic results in appropriate candidates. Most commonly, implants are placed in the subpectoral space which can lead to pain and breast animation. Surgical and technological advances have allowed for successful prepectoral implant placement which may eliminate these trade-offs. Objectives Here we present early outcomes from 153 reconstructions in 94 patients who underwent prepectoral DTI. We sought to determine whether these patients have less postoperative pain and narcotic use than subpectoral implant or expander placement. Methods A retrospective review was performed for all prepectoral DTI reconstructions at our institution from 2015 to 2016. Data were collected on postoperative pain and narcotic use while in hospital. Results The average follow-up time was 8.5 months (range, 3–17 months) and the overall complication rate was 27% (n = 41) with the most common complications being skin necrosis (9%, n = 13) and infection (7%, n = 11). No statistically significant difference in complications was found in patients who underwent postmastectomy radiation therapy. Patients who underwent prepectoral DTI reconstruction did not have a statistically significant difference in postoperative pain and narcotic use while in-hospital compared with other techniques. Conclusion Prepectoral DTI reconstruction provides good results with similar complication rates to subpectoral techniques. Prepectoral DTI eliminates the problem of breast animation. Although our series did not reach statistical significance in pain scores or requirement for postoperative narcotics, we believe that it is an important preliminary result and with larger numbers we anticipate a more definitive conclusion. Level of Evidence: 4

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Operative Approaches to Ankle and Hindfoot Arthroscopy

Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics ◽

10.1177/2473011419894968 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 247301141989496

Author(s):

Dominic S. Carreira ◽

Steven R. Garden ◽

Thomas Ueland

Keyword(s):

Operative Time ◽

Improve Patient Safety ◽

Arthroscopic Surgery ◽

Complication Rates ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Improved Outcomes ◽

Ankle Surgery ◽

Lower Complication ◽

Improve Patient

The role of arthroscopy in the management of ankle and hindfoot pathology management has increased greatly in recent years with the potential for lower complication rates, faster recovery, improved access, and improved outcomes when compared to open techniques. Procedural variations exist as techniques aim to optimize lesion access, decrease operative time, and improve patient safety. Our goal is to summarize the described approaches and patient positionings common in minimally invasive arthroscopic surgery for anterior, lateral, and posterior ankle pathologies. A survey of pathology organized by arthroscopic approach and a review of recent advances in concomitant lesion management may be useful when planning arthroscopic foot and ankle surgery. Level of Evidence: Level V, expert opinion.

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Surgical Outcomes of LigaSure Hemorrhoidectomy in the Elderly Population: A retrospective cohort study

BMC Gastroenterology ◽

10.1186/s12876-021-01969-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chuang-Wei Chen ◽

Tzung-Ju Lu ◽

Koung-Hung Hsiao

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Postoperative Complications ◽

Surgical Outcomes ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Operation Time ◽

Admission Rate ◽

Complication Rates ◽

Time Duration ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Prone Jackknife Position

Abstract Background This study aims to assess the association between age and outcomes in patients undergoing hemorrhoidectomy. Methods This is a population-based cohort study. A retrospectively collected database with consecutive patients whose symptomatic prolapsed hemorrhoids managed by the LigaSure hemorrhoidectomy between Jan. 2015 and May 2017 was reviewed. Among 1238 patients, 1075 were under 65 years old (group 1), and 163 were 65 years old or older (group 2). Both groups were compared regarding baseline characteristics and surgical outcomes. Results All patients tolerated the whole course of the operation in the prone jackknife position without anesthetic-associated complications. There was no significant difference between these two groups regarding sex, hemorrhoids grade, operation time, duration of hospital stays, postoperative pain score, analgesic consumption, total postoperative complications, re-admission rate, reoperation rate and follow-up times. The multivariate logistic regression analysis that may contribute to postoperative complications revealed no significant difference for all complications between both groups. Conclusion The LigaSure hemorrhoidectomy for elderly patients is safe and effective without significant difference in short-term operative outcomes and all complication rates, compared with younger patients.

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