Management of the biodegradable fraction of residual waste by bioreactor landfill

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1153-1160
Author(s):  
Francesco Di Maria ◽  
Mervat El-Hoz
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Bioreactor Landfill ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Leachate Recirculation ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Volatile Solids

The performances of an integrated system based on mechanical biological treatment and bioreactor landfill with leachate recirculation for managing the mixed municipal solid waste generated in a given Italian district were investigated. In the mechanical biological treatment the municipal solid waste was mechanically sorted into two main streams: a dry and a mechanically sorted organic fraction consisting of 45,000 tonnes year−1. After being sorted the mechanically sorted organic fraction was aerobically pretreated before being disposed of in the 450,000 m3 bioreactor landfill. Experimental runs showed that an aerobic pretreatment period ranging from 15 to 30 days was able to maximize the methane generated by the mechanically sorted organic fraction once landfilled up to 10 Nm3 tonne−1. The aerobic pretreatment leads to a significant volatile solids reduction in the first 30 days, after which the volatile solids concentration remained quite constant. Similarly the potential dynamic respirometer index was significantly reduced in the first 15 days of the aerobic pretreatment decreasing from about 5,000 to about 3,500 mgO2kgVS−1h−1. The whole amount of electrical energy producible by the landfill ranged from 18.5 kWh tonne−1 to 21 kWh tonne−1, depending on the strategies adopted for the activation in bioreactor mode of each landfill cell by the leachate recirculation.

scholarly journals Thermochemical Pretreatments of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste from a Mechanical-Biological Treatment Plant

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 3769-3782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Alvarez-Gallego ◽  
Luis Fdez-Güelfo ◽  
María de los Angeles Romero Aguilar ◽  
Luis Romero García
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Organic Fraction

DecoMSW: A Methodology to Assess Decomposition of Municipal Solid Waste for Initiation of Landfill Mining Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-481
Author(s):  
Arif Mohammad ◽  
Venkata Siva Naga Sai Goli ◽  
Agnes Anto Chembukavu ◽  
Devendra Narain Singh
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Bioreactor Landfill ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Landfill Mining ◽  
Humus Substances ◽  
Volatile Solids

Biochemical decomposition of municipal solid waste (MSW) in landfills leads to the generation of leachate, gases and humus substances. In this context, a methodology to assess D ecomposition of MSW, designated as DecoMSW, has been developed; based on a series of tests conducted on samples of the fresh MSW and those retrieved from the active bioreactor landfill (BLF) cells of age from 13 to 48 months. Furthermore, spatial and temporal variation in the (i) physical (composition) and (ii) chemical (pH, volatile solids, total organic carbon, elemental analysis, ammonium and nitrate-nitrogen, biomethanation potential, lignocellulosic content) characteristics of the MSW samples exhumed from the landfill have been established. Finally, these characteristics were correlated vis-à-vis the respective values of the fresh MSW. From this exercise, it has been observed that except for nitrate-nitrogen, all other chemical parameters of MSW decrease exponentially with time until 20 months, and beyond that, they remain constant, which is an indication of stabilization of MSW. In short, it has been demonstrated that DecoMSW is instrumental in assessing the state of decomposition of MSW with respect to time in the BLF and facilitates initiation of the landfill mining activities.

scholarly journals Silage of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste to improve methane production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario F. Castellón-Zelaya ◽  
Simón González-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Acid Fermentation ◽  
Fermentation Processes ◽  
Silage Fermentation ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Metabolites Production

Abstract The silage of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is a common practice in biogas plants. During silage, fermentation processes take place, affecting the later methanisation stage. There are no studies about how OFMSW silage affects methane production. This work aimed to determine the effects of silage (anaerobic acid fermentation) at different solids concentrations and temperatures on methane production. OFMSW was ensiled at 20, 35, and 55 °C with total solids (TS) concentrations of 10, 20, and 28% for 15 days. The ensiled OFMSW was then tested for methane production at the substrate to inoculum ratios (S/I) of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5. Independently of the temperature, the production of the metabolites during silage increases with decreasing solids concentration. The highest metabolites production were lactic acid, ethanol, and acetic acid, representing together 95% of the total. Methane production from ensiled OFMSW at 10% solids concentration shows, under every tested condition, better methane production than from fresh OFMSW. Ensiled OFMSW produces more methane than fresh OFMSW, and methane production was highest at 35 °C.

Anaerobic digestion of co-mingled municipal solid waste and sewage sludge

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Hamzawi ◽  
K. J. Kennedy ◽  
D. D. McLean
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Primary Sludge ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Anaerobic Biodegradability

This study evaluated the technical feasibility of the anaerobic co-digestion process in the context of typical North American solid waste. Using biological activity tests, an optimal mixture was identified with 25% organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) and 75% sewage sludge (65% raw primary sludge (RAW), 35% thickened WAS (TWAS)) based on biogas production. Also, based on the rate of biogas production, the most anaerobically biodegradable components of the OFMSW were paper and grass. The TWAS and the newspaper were found to be the least biodegradable components. Lab-scale testing indicated that alkaline pretreatment increased the biodegradability of the sewage sludge/OFMSW mixture the most, as compared to the untreated control. Thermochemically pretreated feedstocks inhibited anaerobic biodegradability as compared to the control, whereas the anaerobic biodegradability of thermally pretreated feed was not found to be significantly different from that of the control. Empirical models were developed based on alkaline dose, feed total solids concentration and particle size for biogas production and removal of TS and VS. All three experimental factors were found to be significant with respect to the response variables studied.

Will anaerobic digestion of solid waste survive in the future?

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. De Baere
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
The Future ◽  
Viable Treatment

Anaerobic digestion has captured a significant share of the European market for the biological treatment of the organic fraction in municipal solid waste. Almost 4 million ton per year in digestion capacity has been installed through the construction of more than 120 full-scale plants. Not all plants have been equally successful, due to poor planning, design or bad operation. This, besides higher than expected investment and operating costs, may have slowed down the growth of anaerobic digestion of solid waste. However, an evaluation of the development of anaerobic digestion over the last 15 years shows that there is now a greater diversity in application, a wider range in types of systems and suppliers, and a continued increasing rate of implementation throughout most parts of Europe. New alternative treatment techniques have not seen the same level of success as anaerobic digestion. Anaerobic digestion has been established as a viable treatment technology for the organic fraction of municipal solid waste and will most likely play an even more important role in the future.

Variations in Microbial Flora in Different Phases of Refuse in Response to Dibutyl Phthalate

2014 ◽  
Vol 878 ◽  
pp. 569-577
Author(s):  
Cheng Ran Fang ◽  
Dong Sheng Shen
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Dibutyl Phthalate ◽  
Microbial Flora ◽  
Bioreactor Landfill ◽  
Leachate Recirculation ◽  
Inhibition Ratio ◽  
Methanogenic Phase

Simulated municipal solid waste (MSW) based on the actual proportional characteristics of MSW was loaded into a simulated leachate recirculation bioreactor landfill and the abundance of common and tolerant microbes exposed to dibutyl phthalate (DBP) were investigated in the initial, acidic and methanogenic phases. The results showed that the abundance of bacteria was greatest, while that of actinomycetes was smallest. The growth of microorganisms was not significantly inhibited by DBP during the initial phase; however, the growth of actinomycetes and fungi was inhibited during both the acidic and methanogenic phases, and the inhibition of actinomycetes was greater than that of fungi. When the DBP concentration was 5.0 g l-1, the inhibition ratio against actinomycetes was 89.5% and 80.9% in the refuse from the acidic phase and methanogenic phase, respectively, while it was 86.2% and 51.0%, respectively, against fungi during the same period. The toxic effects of DBP on microorganisms in refuse occurred in the order of actinomycetes > fungi > bacteria. In addition, the populations of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes were significantly and positively correlated with dehydrogenase activity, but negatively correlated with the VSS and BDM of refuse (P<0.01).

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