DecoMSW: A Methodology to Assess Decomposition of Municipal Solid Waste for Initiation of Landfill Mining Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-481
Author(s):  
Arif Mohammad ◽  
Venkata Siva Naga Sai Goli ◽  
Agnes Anto Chembukavu ◽  
Devendra Narain Singh
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Bioreactor Landfill ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Landfill Mining ◽  
Humus Substances ◽  
Volatile Solids

Biochemical decomposition of municipal solid waste (MSW) in landfills leads to the generation of leachate, gases and humus substances. In this context, a methodology to assess D ecomposition of MSW, designated as DecoMSW, has been developed; based on a series of tests conducted on samples of the fresh MSW and those retrieved from the active bioreactor landfill (BLF) cells of age from 13 to 48 months. Furthermore, spatial and temporal variation in the (i) physical (composition) and (ii) chemical (pH, volatile solids, total organic carbon, elemental analysis, ammonium and nitrate-nitrogen, biomethanation potential, lignocellulosic content) characteristics of the MSW samples exhumed from the landfill have been established. Finally, these characteristics were correlated vis-à-vis the respective values of the fresh MSW. From this exercise, it has been observed that except for nitrate-nitrogen, all other chemical parameters of MSW decrease exponentially with time until 20 months, and beyond that, they remain constant, which is an indication of stabilization of MSW. In short, it has been demonstrated that DecoMSW is instrumental in assessing the state of decomposition of MSW with respect to time in the BLF and facilitates initiation of the landfill mining activities.

Management of the biodegradable fraction of residual waste by bioreactor landfill

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1153-1160
Author(s):  
Francesco Di Maria ◽  
Mervat El-Hoz
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Bioreactor Landfill ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Leachate Recirculation ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Volatile Solids

The performances of an integrated system based on mechanical biological treatment and bioreactor landfill with leachate recirculation for managing the mixed municipal solid waste generated in a given Italian district were investigated. In the mechanical biological treatment the municipal solid waste was mechanically sorted into two main streams: a dry and a mechanically sorted organic fraction consisting of 45,000 tonnes year−1. After being sorted the mechanically sorted organic fraction was aerobically pretreated before being disposed of in the 450,000 m3 bioreactor landfill. Experimental runs showed that an aerobic pretreatment period ranging from 15 to 30 days was able to maximize the methane generated by the mechanically sorted organic fraction once landfilled up to 10 Nm3 tonne−1. The aerobic pretreatment leads to a significant volatile solids reduction in the first 30 days, after which the volatile solids concentration remained quite constant. Similarly the potential dynamic respirometer index was significantly reduced in the first 15 days of the aerobic pretreatment decreasing from about 5,000 to about 3,500 mgO2kgVS−1h−1. The whole amount of electrical energy producible by the landfill ranged from 18.5 kWh tonne−1 to 21 kWh tonne−1, depending on the strategies adopted for the activation in bioreactor mode of each landfill cell by the leachate recirculation.

Assessment of a residual municipal solid waste landfill for prospective ‘landfill mining’

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 1229-1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Faitli ◽  
S Nagy ◽  
R Romenda ◽  
I Gombkötő ◽  
L Bokányi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Landfill ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Waste Landfill ◽  
Landfill Mining ◽  
Sampling Campaign ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Landfills

Landfill mining is a prospective tool for the recycling of valuable materials (waste-to-material) and secondary fuel (waste-to-energy) from old, therefore more or less stabilised municipal solid waste landfills. The main target of Horizon 2020 ‘SMARTGROUND’ R&D was improving the availability and accessibility of data and information from both urban landfills and mining dumps through a set of activities to integrate all the data – from existing sources and new information retrieved with time progress – in a single EU database. Concerning urban landfills, a new sampling protocol was designed on the basis of the current Hungarian national municipal solid waste analysis standards, optimised for landfill mining. This protocol was then applied in a sampling campaign on a municipal solid waste landfill in Debrecen, Hungary. The composition and parameters of the landfilled materials were measured as a 12-year timescale. The total wet and dry mass of the valuable components possible for utilisation was estimated.

Stabilisation of municipal solid waste after autoclaving in a passively aerated bioreactor

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 542-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Wojnowska-Baryła ◽  
Dorota Kulikowska ◽  
Katarzyna Bernat ◽  
Sławomir Kasiński ◽  
Magdalena Zaborowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Respiration Activity ◽  
Total Solids ◽  
Gas Formation ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Thermophilic Conditions ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Solids Removal

Autoclaving of unsorted municipal solid waste is one of the solutions in waste management that maximises the amount of waste for recycling. After autoclaving, however, a large part of the waste is composed of unstabilised biodegradable fractions (organic remaining fraction, ORF), which may comprise up to 30% of autoclaved waste and cannot be landfilled without further stabilisation. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of aerobic stabilisation in a passively aerated reactor of organic remaining fraction after full-scale autoclaving of unsorted municipal solid waste. The organic remaining fraction had a volatile solids content of ca. 70%, a 4-day respiration activity test (AT4) of ca. 26 g O2 kg–1 total solids and a 21-day gas formation test (GP21) of ca. 235 dm3 kg–1 total solids. Stabilisation was conducted in a 550 L reactor with passive aeration (Stage I) and a periodically turned windrow (Stage II). The feedstocks consisted entirely of organic remaining fraction, or of organic remaining fraction with 10% inoculum (ORF + I). Inoculum constituted product of stabilisation of organic remaining fraction. During stabilisation of organic remaining fraction and ORF + I, thermophilic conditions were achieved, and the decreases of volatile solids, AT4 and GP21 could be described by 1 order kinetic models. The rate constants of volatile solids removal (kVS) were 0.033 and 0.068 d–1 for organic remaining fraction and ORF + I, respectively, and the thermophilic phase was shorter with ORF + I (25 days vs. 45 days). The decrease in GP21 corresponded to volatile solids decrease, but AT4 decreased sharply during the first 10 days of waste stabilisation in the reactor, indicating that the content of highly biodegradable organic matter decreased during this time.

Solid-Phase Methane Fermentation of Solid Wastes

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Methane Fermentation ◽  
Batch Operation ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Process Operation

This paper presents the development of a novel solid-phase methane fermentation process involving acidic bioleachate production from an organic bed and biomethanation of the bed-liquefaction products in an external methane digester. Process operation with municipal solid waste showed that about 81 percent of the biodegradable volatile solids (VS) could be stabilized during three months of batch operation to afford a methane yield of 0.21 std m3 / kg VS added under ambient (∼25°C) conditions; this compares favorably with an ultimate mesophilic (35°C) methane yield of 0.26 std m3 / kg VS added.

Assessing total and volatile solids in municipal solid waste samples

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (24) ◽  
pp. 3041-3046 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Peces ◽  
S. Astals ◽  
J. Mata-Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Volatile Solids
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