scholarly journals Value of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient for Assessing Preoperative T Staging of Low Rectal Cancer and Whether This Is Correlated With Ki-67 Expression

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiqun Ao ◽  
Xiangdong Bao ◽  
Guoqun Mao ◽  
Guangzhao Yang ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Low Rectal Cancer ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Adc Values

Purpose: To explore the value of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in assessing preoperative T staging of low rectal cancer and the correlation between ADC value and Ki-67 expression. Methods: Data on 77 patients with a proven pathology of low rectal cancer were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent a magnetic resonance imaging scan 1 week prior to operation, and the mean ADC value was measured. All tumors were fully removed, and pathologic staging was determined. The Ki-67 expression was determined using immunohistochemical methods in all patients. The correlation between Ki-67 expression and ADC features was studied. Results: A total of 77 patients with low rectal cancer were included in the study. The pathology type was adenocarcinoma. The numbers of patients with pathological stages T1, T2, T3, and T4 were 9, 23, 32, and 13, respectively. The ADC value of all tumors ranged from 0.60 to 1.20 mm2/s. The average Ki-67 proliferation index was 55.3% ± 20.2%. A significant difference was observed between the preoperative ADC value and pathological T staging of low rectal cancer ( P < .01). The more advanced the T stage, the lower the detected ADC values were. A negative correlation was noted between the preoperative ADC value and Ki-67 proliferation index of rectal cancer ( r = −0.71, P < .01). When the Ki-67 proliferation index increased, lower ADC values were detected. Conclusion: The ADC values can provide useful information on preoperative tumor staging and may facilitate evaluation of the biological behavior of low rectal cancer. The ADC values should be considered a sensitive image biomarker of rectal cancer.

scholarly journals Apparent diffusion coefficient cannot discriminate metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes in rectal cancer: a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Surov ◽  
Hans-Jonas Meyer ◽  
Maciej Pech ◽  
Maciej Powerski ◽  
Jasan Omari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Metastatic Lymph Nodes ◽  
Metastatic Lymph ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Adc Values

Abstract Background Our aim was to provide data regarding use of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for distinguishing metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes (LN) in rectal cancer. Methods MEDLINE library, EMBASE, and SCOPUS database were screened for associations between DWI and metastatic and non-metastatic LN in rectal cancer up to February 2021. Overall, 9 studies were included into the analysis. Number, mean value, and standard deviation of DWI parameters including apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of metastatic and non-metastatic LN were extracted from the literature. The methodological quality of the studies was investigated according to the QUADAS-2 assessment. The meta-analysis was undertaken by using RevMan 5.3 software. DerSimonian, and Laird random-effects models with inverse-variance weights were used to account the heterogeneity between the studies. Mean DWI values including 95% confidence intervals were calculated for metastatic and non-metastatic LN. Results ADC values were reported for 1376 LN, 623 (45.3%) metastatic LN, and 754 (54.7%) non-metastatic LN. The calculated mean ADC value (× 10−3 mm2/s) of metastatic LN was 1.05, 95%CI (0.94, 1.15). The calculated mean ADC value of the non-metastatic LN was 1.17, 95%CI (1.01, 1.33). The calculated sensitivity and specificity were 0.81, 95%CI (0.74, 0.89) and 0.67, 95%CI (0.54, 0.79). Conclusion No reliable ADC threshold can be recommended for distinguishing of metastatic and non-metastatic LN in rectal cancer.

scholarly journals Pretreatment apparent diffusion coefficient cannot predict histopathological features and response to neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy in rectal cancer. A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Surov ◽  
Maciej Pech ◽  
Maciej Powerski ◽  
Katja Woidacki ◽  
Andreas Wienke
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Neoadjuvant Radiochemotherapy ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Kras Status ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Adc Values

Aim: Our purpose was to perform a systemic literature review and meta-analysis regarding use of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for prediction of histopathological features in rectal cancer (RC) and to proof if ADC can predict treatment response to neoadjivant radiochemotherapy in RC. Methods: MEDLINE library, Cochrane and SCOPUS database were screened for associations between ADC and histopathology and/or treatment response in RC up to June 2020. Authors, year of publication, study design, number of patients, mean value and standard deviation of ADC were acquired. The methodological quality of the collected studies was checked according to the QUADAS 2 instrument. The meta-analysis was undertaken by using RevMan 5.3 software. DerSimonian and Laird random-effects models with inverse-variance weights were used to account the heterogeneity between the studies. Mean ADC values including 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results: Overall, 37 items (2015 patients) were included. ADC values of tumors with different T and N stages and grades overlapped strongly. ADC cannot distinguish RC with high and low CEA level. Regarding KRAS status, ADC cannot discriminate mutated and wild type RC. ADC did not correlate significantly with expression of VEGF and HIF 1a. ADC correlates with Ki 67, calculated correlation coefficient: -0.52. The ADC values in responders and non-responders overlapped significantly. Conclusion: ADC correlates moderately with expression of Ki 67 in RC. ADC cannot discriminate tumor stages, grades and KRAS status in RC. ADC cannot predict therapy response to neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy in RC.

Influence of menstrual status and pathological type on the apparent diffusion coefficient in cervical cancer: a primary study

2020 ◽  
pp. 028418512092689
Author(s):  
Yue Dong ◽  
Rui Tong Dong ◽  
Xiao Miao Zhang ◽  
Qing Ling Song ◽  
Tao Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Cervical Cancers ◽  
Menstrual Status ◽  
Pathological Type ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Adc Values

Background Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value is an important quantitative parameter in the research of cervical cancer, affected by some factors. Purpose To investigate the effect of pathological type and menstrual status on the ADC value of cervical cancer. Material and Methods A total of 352 individuals with pathologically confirmed cervical cancer between January 2015 to December 2017 were retrospectively enrolled in this study, including 317 cases with squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and 35 cases with adenocarcinomas (AC); 177 patients were non-menopausal and 175 were menopausal. All patients underwent a routine 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) examination using b-values of 0, 800, and 1000 s/mm2. Three parameters including mean ADC (ADCmean), maximum ADC (ADCmax), and minimum ADC (ADCmin) of cervical cancer lesions were measured and retrospectively analyzed. Independent samples t-test was used to compare the difference of ADC values in different menstrual status and pathological types. Results In all menopausal and non-menopausal patients, the ADCmean and ADCmin values of SCC were lower than those of AC ( P<0.05), the ADCmax of two pathological types showed no statistical difference ( P > 0.05). In menopausal patients, the ADCmean, ADCmax, and ADCmin values of SCC were not statistically different compared with those of AC ( P > 0.05). The ADCmean, ADCmax, and ADCmin values of different pathological types cervical cancers in non-menopausal patients were all higher than those in menopausal patients ( P<0.05). Conclusion The ADC values of the cervical cancers were different in different pathological types and were also affected by menstrual status.

scholarly journals Assessment of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values as Predictor of Aggressiveness in Peripheral Zone Prostate Cancer: Comparison with Gleason Score

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayan Sirat Maheen Anwar ◽  
Zahid Anwar Khan ◽  
Rana Shoaib Hamid ◽  
Fahd Haroon ◽  
Raza Sayani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Gleason Score ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Value ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Adc Values

Purpose. To determine association between apparent diffusion coefficient value on diffusion-weighted imaging and Gleason score in patients with prostate cancer. Methods. This retrospective case series was conducted at Radiology Department of Aga Khan University between June 2009 and June 2011. 28 patients with biopsy-proven prostate cancer were included who underwent ultrasound guided sextant prostate biopsy and MRI. MRI images were analyzed on diagnostic console and regions of interest were drawn. Data were entered and analyzed on SPSS 20.0. ADC values were compared with Gleason score using one-way ANOVA test. Results. In 28 patients, 168 quadrants were biopsied and 106 quadrants were positive for malignancy. 89 lesions with proven malignancy showed diffusion restriction. The mean ADC value for disease with a Gleason score of 6 was 935 mm2/s (SD=248.4 mm2/s); Gleason score of 7 was 837 mm2/s (SD=208.5 mm2/s); Gleason score of 8 was 614 mm2/s (SD=108 mm2/s); and Gleason score of 9 was 571 mm2/s (SD=82 mm2/s). Inverse relationship was observed between Gleason score and mean ADC values. Conclusion. DWI and specifically quantitative ADC values may help differentiate between low-risk (Gleason score, 6), intermediate-risk (Gleason score, 7), and high-risk (Gleason score 8 and 9) prostate cancers, indirectly determining the aggressiveness of the disease.

scholarly journals Evaluation of apparent diffusion coefficient in endometrial carcinoma compared to normal endometrium: a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anu Sarah Easo ◽  
Rajeev Anand ◽  
Mini Issac
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Normal Endometrium ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
Endometrial Cancers

Background: To determine whether diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with measurement of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) will help in differentiating endometrial cancer from normal endometrium and to determine whether the grades of endometrial cancer will show significant difference in ADC values.Methods: This is a retrospective study done in MOSC medical college hospital Kolencherry. on patients on whom preoperative MRI was done before hysterectomy. Cases from July 2017 to March 2021 were included. Study cases included 40 females with pathologically confirmed endometrial cancer and 30 females with pathologically proven normal endometrium in cases of uterine leiomyoma and cervical cancer. The exclusion criteria for the study were patients with endometrial cancer in whom surgery was not done within 2 weeks of MRI, patients who were treated with chemotherapy or radiotherapy before surgery, patients who had hydrometra or pyometra.Results: The mean ADC value (10−3 mm2/second) of endometrial cancer was 0.77±0.04, which was significantly lower (p<0.05) than that of normal endometrium (1.323±0.05). The ADC values of different grades of endometrial cancers did not show any statistically significant difference (p>0.05).Conclusions: Our study showed that ADC measurement can differentiate between normal endometrium and endometrial cancer. The ADC values of different grades of endometrial cancers did not show any statistically significant difference.  

scholarly journals Apparent diffusion coefficient can predict therapy response of hepatocellular carcinoma to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Drewes ◽  
Constanze Heinze ◽  
Maciej Pech ◽  
Maciej Powerski ◽  
Katja Woidacki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Therapy Response ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
Arterial Chemoembolization

Aim: The goal of this meta-analysis was to assess the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) as a pre- and posttreatment (ΔADC) predictive imaging biomarker of response to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: SCOPUS database, EMBASE database and MEDLINE library were scanned for connections between pre- and posttreatment ADC values of HCC and response to TACE. Six studies qualified for inclusion. The following parameters were collected: authors, publication year, study design, number of patients, drugs for TACE, mean ADC value, standard deviation, measure method, b-values and Tesla-strength. The QUADAS-2 instrument was employed to check the methodological quality of each study. The meta-analysis was performed by utilizing RevMan 5.3 software. DerSimonian and Laird random-effects models with inverse-variance were used to regard heterogeneity. Mean ADC values and 95% confidence intervals were computed. Results: Six studies (n=271 patients with 293 HCC nodules) were included. The pretreatment mean ADC in the responder group was 1.20 x 10-3 mm2/s (0.98, 1.42) and 1.14 x 10-3 mm2/s (0.89, 1.39) in the non-responder group. The analysis of post TACE ADC value changes (ΔADC) revealed a threshold of ≥ 20% to identify treatment responders. No suitable pretreatment ADC threshold to predict therapy response or discriminate between responders and non-responders before therapy could be discovered. Conclusion: ΔADC can facilitate early objective response evaluation through post-therapeutic ADC alterations ≥ 20%. Pretreatment ADC cannot predict response to TACE.

scholarly journals The Benefit of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient in Evaluating the Invasiveness of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengyuan Jing ◽  
Yuntai Cao ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Xiaoqiang Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Tumor Differentiation ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Auc Value

BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) invasiveness using the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC).MethodsEighty-one patients with HCC confirmed by pathology and examined by preoperative magnetic resonance imaging diffusion-weighted imaging from January 2015 to September 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical and pathological data were recorded. The minimum ADC (ADCmin), average ADC (ADCmean), and the ratio of ADCmean to normal-appearing hepatic parenchyma ADC (ADCnahp) were assessed. The associations between clinical information, ADC value, and HCC invasiveness (microvascular invasion [MVI], tumor differentiation, and Ki-67 expression) were evaluated statistically. Independent risk factors related to HCC invasiveness were screened using binary logistic regression, and the diagnostic efficiency was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve and its area under the curve (AUC) value.ResultsTumor size was related to HCC MVI and tumor differentiation (P &lt; 0.05). HCC MVI was associated with ADCmin, ADCmean, and the ADCmean-to-ADCnahp ratio (all P &lt; 0.05) with AUC values of 0.860, 0.860, and 0.909, respectively. If these were combined with tumor size, the AUC value increased to 0.912. The degree of tumor differentiation was associated with ADCmin, ADCmean, and the ADCmean-to-ADCnahp ratio (all P &lt; 0.05) with AUC values of 0.719, 0.708, and 0.797, respectively. If these were combined with tumor size, the AUC value increased to 0.868. Ki-67 expression was associated with ADCmin, ADCmean, and the ADCmean-to-ADCnahp ratio (all P &lt; 0.05) with AUC values of 0.731, 0.747, and 0.746, respectively. Combined them, the AUC value increased to 0.763.ConclusionsThe findings indicated that the ADC value has significant potential for the non-invasive preoperative evaluation of HCC invasiveness.

Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) does not correlate with different serological parameters in myositis and myopathy

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 694-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Jonas Meyer ◽  
Oliver Ziemann ◽  
Malte Kornhuber ◽  
Alexander Emmer ◽  
Ulf Quäschling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Inflammatory Myopathy ◽  
Random Motion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Muscle Disorders ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Adc Values

Background Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely used in several muscle disorders. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is an imaging modality, which can reflect microstructural tissue composition. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) is used to quantify the random motion of water molecules in tissue. Purpose To investigate ADC values in patients with myositis and non-inflammatory myopathy and to analyze possible associations between ADC and laboratory parameters in these patients. Material and Methods Overall, 17 patients with several myositis entities, eight patients with non-inflammatory myopathies, and nine patients without muscle disorder as a control group were included in the study (mean age = 55.3 ± 14.3 years). The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology in every case. DWI was obtained in a 1.5-T scanner using two b-values: 0 and 1000 s/mm2. In all patients, the blood sample was acquired within three days to the MRI. The following serological parameters were estimated: C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, and myoglobine. Results The estimated mean ADC value for the myositis group was 1.89 ± 0.37 × 10–3 mm2/s and for the non-inflammatory myopathy group was 1.79 ± 0.33 × 10–3 mm2/s, respectively. The mean ADC values (1.15 ± 0.37 × 10–3 mm2/s) were significantly higher to unaffected muscles (vs. myositis P = 0.0002 and vs. myopathy P = 0.0021). There were no significant correlations between serological parameters and ADC values. Conclusion Affected muscles showed statistically significantly higher ADC values than normal muscles. No linear correlations between ADC and serological parameters were identified.

Dynamic Perfusion Computed Tomography and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient as Potential Markers for Poorly Differentiated Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Inga Zaboriene ◽  
Kristina Zviniene ◽  
Saulius Lukosevicius ◽  
Povilas Ignatavicius ◽  
Giedrius Barauskas
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Grade One

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Tumor grade, one of the most important risk factors for survival, is routinely determined after examining the biopsy material or a surgically removed specimen. The aim of the study was to analyze computed tomography (CT) perfusion parameters and diffusion-weighted imaging apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and to establish the diagnostic value of these modalities determining the tumor grade. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> A prospective clinical study included 56 subjects with PDAC. All the patients had a local perfusion assessment and ADC measurement of the tumor. For the prediction of poor tumor differentiation sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values for each perfusion CT and ADC parameters based on cutoff values from ROC analysis were calculated. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Mean transit time (MTT) and ADC values were found to be independent prognosticators for the presence of G3 PDAC. MTT and ADC at the cutoff of 17.37 s and 1.15 × 10<sup>−3</sup> mm<sup>2</sup>/s, respectively, appeared to be significant parameters discriminating against the differentiation grade of PDAC. If both values exceeded the defined cutoff point, the estimated probability for the presence of G3 PDAC was 89.29%. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The MTT parameter, calculated with the deconvolution method, and the ADC value may serve as effective independent prognosticators identifying poorly differentiated PDAC.

scholarly journals Evaluating Spinal Canal Lesions Using Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Maps with Diffusion-Weighted Imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirohito Kanamoto ◽  
Masaki Norimoto ◽  
Yawara Eguchi ◽  
Yasuhiro Oikawa ◽  
Sumihisa Orita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Decompression Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Adc Values

Study Design: Observational study.Purpose: To evaluate healthy volunteers and patients with spinal canal lesions using apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps with diffusion-weighted imaging.Overview of Literature: Decompression surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is selected on the basis of subjective assessment and cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, there is no objective standard for this procedure.Methods: We performed 3T MRI in 10 healthy volunteers and 13 patients with LSS. The ADC values in the spinal canal were evaluated at 46 vertebrae (L4/5 and L5/S1 for each participant), and the reduced and conventional fields of view were compared.Results: The ADC values were 2.72±0.12 at L4/5 in healthy volunteers, 2.76±0.19 at L5/S1 in healthy volunteers, 1.77±0.58 at L4/5 in patients with LSS, and 2.35±0.29 at L5/S1 in patients with LSS. The ADC value at L4/5 in patients with LSS was significantly lower than that at L5/S1 in patients with LSS and that at L4/5 and L5/S1 in healthy volunteers (<i>p</i> <0.05). With an ADC cutoff value of 2.46 to identify LSS, this approach provided an area under the curve of 0.81, sensitivity of 0.92, and specificity of 0.76 (<i>p</i> <0.05).Conclusions: Preoperative examination using ADC maps permits visualization and quantification of spinal canal lesions, thus proving the utility of ADC maps in the selection of decompression surgery for LSS.

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