State of the Art Imaging Review of Blunt and Penetrating Cardiac Trauma

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-312
Author(s):  
Sadia Raheez Qamar ◽  
Yuhao Wu ◽  
Savvas Nicolaou ◽  
Nicolas Murray
Keyword(s):  
Chest Trauma ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cardiac Injury ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Cardiac Trauma ◽  
Young Adult Population ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Penetrating Cardiac Trauma

Traumatic cardiovascular injuries are only second to the central nervous system injuries as a cause of death in young adult population. Multidetector computed tomography is the gold standard diagnostic modality in patients with blunt or penetrating chest trauma and clinical suspicion of cardiac injury. The imaging spectrum of cardiac injuries includes but not limits to pericardial rupture, myocardial contusions, valve rupture, coronary artery injuries, cardiac herniations, and cardiac tamponade. In this review article, we discuss clinical presentation, types, and mechanism of cardiac trauma with emphasis on the imaging findings and illustrations in blunt, penetrating traumatic, and iatrogenic cardiac injuries.

Managing a traumatic ventricular septal defect with atrial septal defect occluder device

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Alidoosti ◽  
Seyed K. Hoseini ◽  
Akbar Shafiee
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Septal Defect ◽  
Chest Trauma ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Ventricular Septal Defects ◽  
Cardiac Trauma ◽  
Septal Defects ◽  
Traumatic Ventricular Septal Defect ◽  
Occluder Device ◽  
Penetrating Cardiac Trauma

AbstractTraumatic ventricular septal defects are rare complications of blunt and penetrating chest trauma. Patients are usually referred because of shock or cardiac tamponade. Focusing on the critical condition of the patient leads to missing the presence of traumatic ventricular septal defects. In this case report, we introduce a patient with a large traumatic ventricular septal defect, which was diagnosed 40 days after a penetrating cardiac trauma and was finally treated with transcatheter closure.

scholarly journals Traumatic Mitral Valve and Pericardial Injury

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nissar Shaikh ◽  
Firdous Ummunissa ◽  
Mohamed Abdel Sattar
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Cardiac Injury ◽  
Chordae Tendineae ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Cardiac Trauma ◽  
Early Systole ◽  
Polytrauma Patients ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Polytrauma Patient

Cardiac injury after blunt trauma is common but underreported. Common cardiac trauma after the blunt chest injury (BCI) is cardiac contusion; it is very rare to have cardiac valve injury. The mitral valve injury during chest trauma occurs when extreme pressure is applied at early systole during the isovolumic contraction between the closure of the mitral valve and the opening of the aortic valve. Traumatic mitral valve injury can involve valve leaflet, chordae tendineae, or papillary muscles. For the diagnosis of mitral valve injury, a high index of suspicion is required, as in polytrauma patients, other obvious severe injuries will divert the attention of the treating physician. Clinical picture of patients with mitral valve injury may vary from none to cardiogenic shock. The echocardiogram is the main diagnostic modality of mitral valve injuries. Patient’s clinical condition will dictate the timing and type of surgery or medical therapy. We report a case of mitral valve and pericardial injury in a polytrauma patient, successfully treated in our intensive care unit.

scholarly journals Factors associated with choosing fertility preservation in a pediatric, adolescent and young adult population

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. e67
Author(s):  
Megan R. Sax ◽  
Tara Schafer-Kalkhoff ◽  
Brycen Ferrara ◽  
Olivia Jaworek Frias ◽  
Lesley Breech ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Fertility Preservation ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Young Adult Population

Lung ultrasound in blunt chest trauma: A clinical review

Ultrasound ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1742271X2199460
Author(s):  
Serena Rovida ◽  
Daniele Orso ◽  
Salman Naeem ◽  
Luigi Vetrugno ◽  
Giovanni Volpicelli
Keyword(s):  
Blunt Chest Trauma ◽  
Chest Trauma ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Minor Trauma ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Sternal Fractures

Introduction Bedside lung sonography is recognized as a reliable diagnostic modality in trauma settings due to its ability to detect alterations both in lung parenchyma and in pleural cavities. In severe blunt chest trauma, lung ultrasound can identify promptly life-threatening conditions which may need direct intervention, whereas in minor trauma, lung ultrasound contributes to detection of acute pathologies which are often initially radio-occult and helps in the selection of those patients that might need further investigation. Topic Description We did a literature search on databases EMBASE, PubMed, SCOPUS and Google Scholar using the terms ‘trauma’, ‘lung contusion’, ‘pneumothorax’, ‘hemothorax’ and ‘lung ultrasound’. The latest articles were reviewed and this article was written using the most current and validated information. Discussion Lung ultrasound is quite accurate in diagnosing pneumothorax by using a combination of four sonographic signs; absence of lung sliding, B-lines, lung pulse and presence of lung point. It provides a rapid diagnosis in hemodynamically unstable patients. Lung contusions and hemothorax can be diagnosed and assessed with lung ultrasound. Ultrasound is also very useful for evaluating rib and sternal fractures and for imaging the pericardium for effusion and tamponade. Conclusion Bedside lung ultrasound can lead to rapid and accurate diagnosis of major life-threatening pathologies in blunt chest trauma patients.

Quantitative Analysis of Enhanced Selfies in a Young Adult Population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keon M. Parsa ◽  
Ish A. Talati ◽  
Haijun Wang ◽  
Eugenia Chu ◽  
Lily Talakoub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Image Brightness ◽  
Young Adult Population ◽  
Digital Copy ◽  
Unrealistic Expectations ◽  
Neutral Expression

AbstractThe use of filters and editing tools for perfecting selfies is increasing. While some aesthetic experts have touted the ability of this technology to help patients convey their aesthetic goals, others have expressed concerns about the unrealistic expectations that may come from the ability for individuals to digitally alter their own photos in these so-called “super-selfies.” The aim of the study is to determine the changes that individuals seek when enhancing selfies. Twenty subjects participated in this study between July 25 and September 24, 2019. Subjects had two sets of headshots taken (neutral and smile) and were provided an introduction on the use of the Facetune2 app. Subjects received a digital copy of their photographs and were asked to download the free mobile app. After 1 week of trialing the different tools for enhancing their appearance, subjects submitted their self-determined most attractive edited photographs. Changes in marginal reflex distance (MRD) 1 and 2, nose height and width, eyebrow height, facial width, skin smoothness, skin hue, and saturation as well as overall image brightness were recorded. Paired two-tailed t-test was used to evaluate pre- and post-facial measurements. There were no statistically significant changes identified in the analysis of the altered photos in neutral expression. Analysis of all smiling photographs revealed that subjects increased their smile angle (right: +2.92 mm, p = 0.04; left: +3.58 mm, p < 0.001). When smiling photographs were assessed by gender, females were found to significantly increase their MRD2 (right: +0.64 mm, p = 0.04; left: +0.74 mm, p = 0.05) and their smile angle (right: +1.90 mm, p = 0.03; left: +2.31 mm, p = 0.005) while also decreasing their nose height (−2.8 mm, p = 0.04). Males did not significantly alter any of the facial measurements assessed. This study identifies the types of changes that individuals seek when enhancing selfies and specifies the different aspects of image adjustment that may be sought based on a patient's gender.

Tricuspid valve repair via partial sternotomy for traumatic valve insufficiency

2021 ◽  
pp. 021849232110100
Author(s):  
Motohiro Maeda ◽  
Jiro Honda ◽  
Yosuke Ishi
Keyword(s):  
Tricuspid Valve ◽  
Chest Trauma ◽  
Right Heart Failure ◽  
Tricuspid Valve Repair ◽  
Valve Repair ◽  
Cardiac Trauma ◽  
Partial Sternotomy ◽  
Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency ◽  
Valve Insufficiency ◽  
Early Surgical Intervention

Tricuspid valve insufficiency rarely follows a blunt chest trauma. When the tricuspid valve is solely injured, the cardiac trauma may stay asymptomatic and tolerable, which often makes it difficult to determine the indication for surgery. We report a case of a patient with tricuspid regurgitation secondary to trauma due to a motorcycle accident. The patient was initially asymptomatic, but shortness of breath emerged two years after the accident. He underwent the tricuspid valve repair with chordae reconstruction and annuloplasty via lower partial sternotomy. We advocate that early surgical intervention prevents right heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and valve replacement.

scholarly journals The value of cervical MRI in surgical lumbar canal stenosis patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Youssef Abdalla ◽  
Hieder Al-Shami ◽  
Heba Medhat Maghraby ◽  
Abdelrhman Enayet
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cervical Canal ◽  
Lumbar Stenosis ◽  
Cervical Stenosis ◽  
Lumbar Canal Stenosis ◽  
Cervical Canal Stenosis ◽  
Canal Stenosis ◽  
Tandem Spinal Stenosis ◽  
A Prospective Study

Abstract Background The prevalence of cervical canal stenosis alone is estimated to be present in 4.9% of the adult population. Co-existence of dual pathology may complicate clinical presentation and necessitates a wise and individually based decision process. Objectives To estimate the co-existence of cervical canal stenosis in surgical lumbar canal stenosis patients and its reflection on decision-making regarding surgery. Methods It is a prospective study that was conducted on 70 cases with symptomatic lumbar canal stenosis by investigating them for cervical canal stenosis clinically and radiologically. Results The co-existence of cervical and lumbar canal stenoses was seen in 62 cases (88.57%); cases with relative cervical stenosis were 25 (35.714%) and absolute cervical stenosis was 37 (52.857%). Cases with no cervical stenosis were 8 (11.428%) and cases with relative lumbar stenosis were 22 (31.428%), while cases with absolute lumbar stenosis were 48 (68.571%). Cases with symptomatic cervical canal stenosis were 30 (42.857%). Cases with asymptomtic cervical canal stenosis were 32 (45.71%). Conclusion Tandem spinal stenosis (TSS) is not uncommon and MRI cervical spine should be done for every lumbar canal stenosis patient especially if indicated by history or clinical examination.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document