scholarly journals Is Women’s Empowerment Associated With Help-Seeking for Spousal Violence in India?

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1519-1548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Rowan ◽  
Elizabeth Mumford ◽  
Cari Jo Clark
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
State Level ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Spousal Violence ◽  
Help Seeking Behaviors ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Seeking Help ◽  
Low Prevalence

Violence against women by their husbands is a problem for women worldwide. However, the majority of women do not seek help. This article presents findings from a national survey in India on empowerment-related correlates of help-seeking behaviors for currently married women who experienced spousal violence. We examined individual-, relationship-, and state-level measures of empowerment on help-seeking from informal and formal sources. Findings indicate that help-seeking is largely not associated with typical measures of empowerment or socio-economic development, whereas state-level indicators of empowerment may influence help-seeking. Although not a target of this study, we also note that injury from violence and the severity of the violence were among the strongest factors related to seeking help. Taken together, the low prevalence of help-seeking and lack of strong individual-level correlates, apart from severe harm, suggests widespread barriers to seeking help. Interventions that affect social norms and reach women and men across social classes in society are needed in addition to any individual-level efforts to promote seeking help for spousal violence.

Physical, emotional and sexual violence faced by spouses in India: evidence on determinants and help-seeking behaviour from a nationally representative survey

2020 ◽  
pp. jech-2019-213266
Author(s):  
Yuvaraj Krishnamoorthy ◽  
Karthika Ganesh ◽  
Karthiga Vijayakumar
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Married Women ◽  
P Value ◽  
Spousal Violence ◽  
Help Seeking Behaviour ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Women In India

ObjectiveThe current study was done to determine the prevalence, determinants, disclosure status and help-seeking behaviour of spousal violence using a nationally representative sample of ever-married women in India.MethodsWe have analysed the most recent National Family Health Survey-4 data (2015–2016) gathered from the Demographic Health Survey programme. Stratification and clustering in the sample design were accounted using svyset command. Point estimates were reported as proportions with 95% CI.ResultsA total of 66 013 ever-married women aged 15–49 years were included. Lifetime prevalence of spousal violence in India was 31% (95% CI 30.4% to 31.7%). Physical violence was the most common form accounting for 27.4% of victims followed by emotional (12.7%) and sexual violence (6.7%). Higher women’s age, Muslim religion, low education, employed women, lower socioeconomic status, presence of substance use among women and husbands, lower education and unemployed husbands, history of family violence and women in Central and Eastern states had a significant association with one or more forms of spousal violence with significant p value. Prevalence of help-seeking behaviour among women who faced spousal violence in India was 13.5% (95% CI 12.8% to 14.2%). Widowed/separated/divorced women, employed and highly educated women, and women in Northern states had significantly higher prevalence of help-seeking behaviour with respect to all the forms of spousal violence (p<0.001).ConclusionOne in three women in India faces spousal violence. Only 1 in 10 women seeks help following violence. Efforts should be made to ensure people working in formal institutions screen for spousal violence and know how to respond to women facing it.

scholarly journals Women'S Awareness of Cancer Symptoms: A Review of the Literature

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 579-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra C Jones ◽  
Keryn Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Late Diagnosis ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Invasive Treatment ◽  
Help Seeking Behaviors ◽  
Cancer Symptoms ◽  
Seeking Help

Improvements in cancer detection and treatment have led to consistent declines in mortality from many cancers. However, many patients present for treatment at a point where more invasive treatment is required and/or treatment outcomes are less than optimal. One factor that has been consistently shown to be associated with late diagnosis and treatment is delay in seeking help for symptoms. This paper reviews the literature on women's awareness of cancer symptoms and aims to identify knowledge gaps that need to be addressed in order to improve help-seeking behaviors. The discovery of substantial gaps in awareness suggest a need for improved community education regarding cancer symptoms.

Help-Seeking Behaviors of Male Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence in Kenya

2021 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2110428
Author(s):  
Eric Y. Tenkorang ◽  
Mariama Zaami ◽  
Sitawa Kimuna ◽  
Adobea Y. Owusu ◽  
Emmanuel Rohn
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Support Networks ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Help Seeking Behaviors ◽  
Male Survivors ◽  
Seeking Help

Very few studies examine the help-seeking behaviors of male survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) in Kenya or sub-Saharan Africa more generally. Using nationally representative cross-sectional data from 1,458 male survivors and multinomial logit models, we examined what influences men’s decision to seek help after experiencing IPV. Results show the majority of male survivors did not seek help. Those who did so turned to informal rather than formal sources. The severity of physical violence was the most robust and consistent predictor of help-seeking. Male survivors of severe physical abuse had higher odds of seeking help from informal support networks than not seeking help. Compared to the uneducated, highly educated men were significantly more likely to seek help from formal support networks than to not seek help at all. Sensitization programs are required to educate male survivors of IPV on available sources of support. In particular, barriers to help-seeking must be removed to encourage male survivors to find support.

Barriers to Help-Seeking for Sexual Violence Among Married or Cohabiting Women in Ghana

2021 ◽  
pp. 107780122110608
Author(s):  
Gervin A. Apatinga ◽  
Eric Y. Tenkorang
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Sexually Abused ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Help Seeking Behaviors ◽  
Female Survivors ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Depth Interviews

While sexual violence against women has gained attention in sub-Saharan Africa, research examining help-seeking remains limited. Scholarship on barriers to help-seeking among sexually abused married or cohabiting women is particularly lacking. We used the barriers model and held 15 in-depth interviews with sexually abused Ghanaian married or cohabiting women to examine help-seeking behaviors. Participants identified multiple barriers to help-seeking, including financial difficulties, lack of social support, and stigma. The results corroborate the barriers model's formulation of the challenges faced by female survivors in reporting violence. They indicate the need to improve laws to promote help-seeking among women with experiences of sexual violence.

scholarly journals Immigration-Related Factors and Depression Help-Seeking Among Older Chinese Americans

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 149-149
Author(s):  
Dexia Kong ◽  
Man Guo ◽  
Melissa Simon ◽  
XinQi Dong
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Chinese Americans ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Help Seeking Behaviors ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Seeking Help ◽  
Older Chinese

Abstract Asian Americans have the lowest mental health service utilization rate among all racial/ethnic groups. One important yet understudied aspect of this group’s mental health service use is its potential associations with immigration-related factors such as migration reasons, years in U.S., acculturation, and ethnic enclave residence. Using data from the Population-based Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago (collected 2013-2015, N=3,123), this study investigates whether and how immigration-related factors shape mental health service utilization. Four categories of help-seeking behaviors for depressive symptoms were examined, including not seeking help (23.5%), seeking help from informal source(s) only (40%), seeking help from both informal and formal sources (28.7%), and seeking help from formal source(s) only (8.8%). Results of logistic regressions showed that U.S. Chinese older adults who migrated for family reasons were less likely to seek help from informal sources only than those who migrated for other reasons [Odds Ratio (OR)=0.64, 95% Confidence Interval (CI)=0.42-0.99). Less acculturated older immigrants (OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.79-0.97) and those who lived in Chinatown (OR = 2.34, 95% CI = 1.21-4.52) were more likely to seek help from formal sources only (relative to not seeking any help). Our findings showed that majority of the older Chinese Americans with depressive symptoms either did not seek help or sought help from informal sources only. Their help-seeking behaviors were shaped by their migration and acculturation experiences. Leveraging informal support networks and ethnicity-specific resources in Chinatown represent a culturally appropriate approach to facilitate mental health help-seeking among U.S. Chinese older adults.

Students’ Help Seeking during Physical Education

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan B. Nye
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
School Students ◽  
Help Seeking Behaviors ◽  
Academic Tasks ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Seeking Help ◽  
Constant Comparative Analysis

Seeking help with academic tasks has been regarded as an important strategy to enhance student learning (Newman, 1994; Ryan, Gheen, & Midgley, 1998; Zimmerman & Martinez-Pons, 1986). Seeking help is conceptualized as student-initiated efforts to secure task information or solicit advice when a deficiency in their understanding of the content exists (Newman & Schwager, 1995; Zimmerman & Martinez-Pons, 1986). An interpretive qualitative research design utilizing a case study approach was used to explore middle school students’ help-seeking instances during their physical education classes. Ten students (6 females and 4 males) were selected from two middle schools. The students’ participated in two semistructured interviews regarding their help-seeking behaviors. Constant comparative analysis was used to analyze the interview data. Results indicated students would seek help to clarify or enhance understanding of an activity or to get a good grade and cited reluctance to seek help owing to their desire for independent mastery or the perceived risk of embarrassment in front of their peers.

scholarly journals Gendered Manifestations of Depression and Help Seeking Among Men

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarrod B. Call ◽  
Kevin Shafer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Medical Provider ◽  
Help Seeking Behaviors ◽  
Mental Health Concern ◽  
Seeking Help ◽  
Using Data

Men who do not seek help for mental health problems may experience unnecessary suffering which ultimately affects the well-being of themselves and others. Gendered manifestations of depressive symptoms may play an important role in why some men do not seek help for mental health issues. Using data from 2,382 male respondents in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication, the authors examined the relationship that both traditional and male-typical symptoms of depression had on the help-seeking behaviors of men. Traditional symptoms increased the odds of seeking help for depression for all men. Male-typical symptoms, however, did not increase the odds of seeking help for depression or another mental health concern. Both traditional and male-typical symptoms increased the odds of initially seeking help from a medical provider, and men with male-typical symptoms had an overall higher likelihood of seeking help from a medical provider. Consequently, it is important that medical professionals assess for depression even when it is not a presenting concern.

scholarly journals The Endemic Amid the Pandemic: Seeking Help for Violence Against Women in the Initial Phases of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052199794
Author(s):  
Susan B. Sorenson ◽  
Laura Sinko ◽  
Richard A. Berk
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
School Closure ◽  
Interrupted Time Series Analysis ◽  
Government Interventions ◽  
Seeking Help ◽  
Changes Over Time

During the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic, governments instituted a series of measures to control the spread of the virus. The measures were widely believed to increase women’s risk of violent victimization, most of which is by an intimate partner. We examined help-seeking during this period in a large U.S. city and used an interrupted time series analysis to assess the effects of three government interventions on domestic violence and sexual assault hotline calls and on “911” calls regarding domestic violence, assault, and rape. Declaration of an emergency appeared to reduce victim calls to the rape crisis hotline and the few “911” calls about rape. School closure was associated with a reduction in “911” calls about assault and rape and victim calls to the domestic violence hotline. Implementation of stay-at-home orders was associated with a gradual increase in domestic violence hotline calls. Although “911” calls regarding assault fell by nearly half, calls to police for domestic violence were unchanged. In sum, there was a decrease in help-seeking for sexual assault and assault in general but not for domestic violence during the initial phases of the COVID-19 outbreak. The analysis underscores the importance of distinguishing between the violence itself, calls to police, and calls to helplines when claims are made about changes over time in violence against women. The opportunities and constraints for each can differ widely under usual circumstances, circumstances that were altered by public health interventions related to the pandemic.

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