scholarly journals Childhood Abuse and Adult Sociocognitive Skills: Distinguishing Between Self and Other Following Early Trauma

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052090619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna R. Hudson ◽  
Lize De Coster ◽  
Hanne Spoormans ◽  
Sylvia Verbeke ◽  
Kaat Van der Jeught ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Adult Survivors ◽  
False Belief ◽  
Imitative Behavior ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Therapeutic Practice ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Imitation Inhibition ◽  
Early Trauma

Experience of childhood abuse (CA) impairs complex social functioning in children; however, much less is known about its effects on basic sociocognitive processes and even fewer studies have investigated these in adult survivors. Using two behavioral tasks, this study investigated spontaneous theory of mind (ToM) and imitative behavior in 41 women with CA and 26 unaffected comparison (UC) women. In the spontaneous ToM task, UCs showed a larger ToM index than CAs, indicating more facilitation by knowledge of another’s false belief. In the imitation–inhibition task, CAs experienced less interference than UCs when observing another’s incongruent movements. After controlling for depression, differences in ToM became marginally significant, yet remained highly significant for inhibiting imitative behavior. The findings suggest CA survivors have altered perspective-taking and are less influenced by others’ perspectives, potentially due to changes in self-other distinction. Clinical implications regarding therapeutic practice with survivors of CA are discussed.

scholarly journals Childhood abuse and adult socio-cognitive skills: Distinguishing between self and other following early trauma

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Hudson ◽  
Lize De Coster ◽  
Hanne Spoormans ◽  
Sylvia Verbeke ◽  
Kaat Van der Jeught ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Adult Survivors ◽  
Imitative Behavior ◽  
Abuse Survivors ◽  
Therapeutic Practice ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Imitation Inhibition ◽  
Early Trauma

Experience of childhood abuse impairs complex social functioning in children; however, much less is known about its effects on basic socio-cognitive processes and even fewer studies have investigated these in adult survivors. Using two behavioral tasks, this study investigated spontaneous theory of mind (ToM) and imitative behavior in 41 women with childhood abuse (CA) and 26 unaffected comparison women (UC). In the spontaneous ToM task, UCs showed a larger ToM index than CAs, indicating more facilitation by knowledge of another’s false belief. In the imitation-inhibition task, CAs experienced less interference than UCs when observing another’s incongruent movements. After controlling for depression, differences in ToM became marginally significant, yet remained highly significant for inhibiting imitative behavior. The findings suggest childhood abuse survivors have altered perspective-taking, and are less influenced by others’ perspectives, potentially due to changes in self-other distinction. Clinical implications regarding therapeutic practice with survivors of childhood abuse are discussed.

AGGRESSION IN PRESCHOOLERS: ITS RELATION TO SOCIALIZATION

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-163
Author(s):  
Klaus Minde
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Significant Delay ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Aggressive Children

The present article discusses developmental changes of aggression seen in preschool children and reports on an 18-month short-term prospective study of three preschool populations: a group referred for aggressive behavior problems, a normal control group, and a group of youngsters who had lived in violent homes, but showed no aggressive behaviors. Results indicate that the aggressive children, in comparison with the other two groups at age 4, showed a significant delay in their interpersonal awareness and perspective taking ability. However, although the aggressive children caught up with their peers in the course of the study period, there was no accompanying decrease in their aggressive behavior. The theoretical and clinical implications of these findings are discussed.

Emerging adults’ preferred surnames: Reasons and social cognitive dispositions

2021 ◽  
pp. 026540752110463
Author(s):  
Laura Stafford ◽  
Susan L. Kline ◽  
Xiaodan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Practical Reasons ◽  
Family Identity ◽  
Marriage And Family ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Heterosexual Women ◽  
Women’S Preferences

Surname practices in the U.S. are believed to reflect and reinforce the enduring patriarchal nature of U.S. society. Yet, some women and men reject patriarchal expectations. Calls for research accounting for such individual variations have been made. We examine the role that dispositional differences play in preferences for and reasoning about marital surnames in a sample of U.S. heterosexual women and men. With an online survey, we examined 799 heterosexual unmarried emerging adults’ (mean age = 19.9) preferences for their own and a future partner’s surname, reasons for their preferences, and associations with social cognitive dispositions relevant to self- and other-orientations: narcissism and perspective-taking. The findings suggest greater flexibility about women’s surname preferences than previously reported. Approximately one-third of men and women were open to nontraditional options. Reasons for preferences included heritage, tradition, masculinity norms, conceptions of marriage and family, identity, family pressures, and practical reasons. After controlling for age, relational status, traditionalism, autonomy, and career aspirations, lower perspective-taking was predictive of women’s preferences for both partners to retain their birth names, whereas greater narcissism was associated with women’s preferences to retain their birth name. Greater narcissism was associated with men’s desires for both partners to use his name. Taken together, the addition of individual difference dispositions provides greater insight into surname preferences and reasons for those preferences beyond gender masculinity norms.

scholarly journals The Role of Religious Involvement in the Relationship Between Early Trauma and Health Outcomes Among Adult Survivors

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katia G. Reinert ◽  
Jacquelyn C. Campbell ◽  
Karen Bandeen-Roche ◽  
Jerry W. Lee ◽  
Sarah Szanton
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Religious Involvement ◽  
Adult Survivors ◽  
Early Trauma ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Self-image and selected clinical variables in the context of childhood abuse in subjects with alcohol dependence

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Gerhant ◽  
Marcin Olajossy
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Adjective Check List ◽  
Self Image ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Early Trauma ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the differences in selected clinical variables and self-image in people with alcohol dependence differing in severity of physical, emotional and sexual abuse experienced before age 18. Method: The study included 90 people with alcohol dependence. The following research tools were used: Early Trauma Inventory (ETI), Adjective Check List (ACL), MAST, SAAD, and a questionnaire designed by the authors. In order to identify groups with varying indices of physical, emotional and sexual childhood abuse, a cluster analysis method was used. Results: Two groups of subjects with alcohol dependence were identified: Group 1 with high indices of physical, emotional and sexual childhood abuse and Group 2 with low indices. In terms of self-image the subjects in Group 1 compared to subjects in Group 2 were characterized by a lower self-esteem, self-acceptance, resistance to stress, less intense needs for achievement, endurance, order, nurturing others, interaction with opposite-sex partners, subordinations but more intense need for change. The age of alcohol use initiation and the onset of regular alcohol drinking was statistically significantly lower in Group 1. The severity of alcohol dependence was significantly lower in Group 2. The subjects in Group 1 significantly more frequently confirmed the history of a hereditary predisposition to alcohol dependence, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and self-harm. Discussion: The obtained results closely correspond to the data available in the literature. Conclusions: An assessment of exposure to various forms of childhood abuse appears to be an indispensable element of collecting medical history of people with alcohol dependence.

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