Breastfeeding Duration and Infant Sleep Location in a Cohort of Volunteer Breastfeeding Counselors

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-364
Author(s):  
Cate Bailey ◽  
Susan Tawia ◽  
Elizabeth McGuire
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Infant Sleep ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bed Sharing ◽  
Association Data

Background Debate about mother and infant bed sharing has been polarized between supporters of bed sharing and public health policies that attempt to mitigate the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Differences in group demographics may be an important aspect in co-sleeping acceptability. Research aims The first aim of this study was to investigate infant sleeping location in a dataset of mothers with strong breastfeeding outcomes. The second aim was to investigate the association between infant sleeping location and breastfeeding (exclusive breastfeeding to 6 months and total breastfeeding duration). Finally, we aimed to investigate predictors of breastfeeding duration. Methods Participants comprised 174 women who had applied to train as counselors with the Australian Breastfeeding Association. Data were compiled from a survey of the participants’ lactation histories, including questions related to the exclusivity and duration of breastfeeding, concerns about and problems encountered during breastfeeding, type of birth, medications during birth, demographics, and infant sleeping location. The study design was a cross-sectional, one-group survey design. Results A high proportion of participants in this study bed shared and room shared: At 0–1 month ( n = 58), 33% of participants bed-shared, which increased to 58% by 6–12 months ( n = 80). Infants who co-slept were more likely to be exclusively breastfed at 6 months (χ2 (2, n = 116) = 4.83, p = .03) and had longer breastfeeding duration ( t (62.61) = 3.81, p < .001). Conclusions Breastfeeding targets have been difficult to achieve globally, and innovative ideas are required to improve breastfeeding outcomes through public health messaging. There was a strong association in the current study between breastfeeding outcomes and degree of closeness of the infant to the mother at night. This finding should be brought into the discourse on breastfeeding and infant sleep arrangements, accompanied by evidence-based advice about safe sleeping and the promotion of breastfeeding.

scholarly journals Awareness of infant safe sleep messages and associated care practices: findings from an Australian cohort of families with young infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e000972
Author(s):  
Roni Cole ◽  
Jeanine Young ◽  
Lauren Kearney ◽  
John M D Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Infant Care ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Infant Sleep ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Safe Sleep ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
National Public Health ◽  
Care Practices

ObjectiveTo investigate primary infant caregiver awareness of the current national public health safe sleep messages and the associations of awareness with care practices.Design and settingA cross-sectional survey in Queensland, Australia. All families with live babies birthed during April–May 2017 were eligible. Questionnaires were distributed when infants were approximately 3 months old.ParticipantsOf the 10 200 eligible families, 3341 (33%) primary caregivers participated.Main outcome measuresParticipants were asked: to recall key safe sleeping messages they were aware of (unprompted); questions about their infant care practices; and to select the current, national six safe sleeping messages (prompted multi-choice).ResultsOverall, the majority of families are aware of sleep-related infant mortality and sudden infant death (3178/3317, 96%); however, approximately one in four caregivers (867/3292, 26%) could not identify the current six messages to promote safer infant sleep in a multi-choice question. Despite being aware of the six key messages, some caregiver practices did not always align with advice (336/2423, 14% were not smoke-free; 349/2423, 14% were not usually supine for sleep; 649/2339, 28% employed practices which may increase risk of head or face covering; 426/2423, 18% were not receiving breastmilk).ConclusionsThere is considerable scope for improvement in parent awareness and ability to recall key safe sleep messages. Awareness of advice does not always translate into safe infant care. Health promotion messaging to encourage safer infant sleep, ultimately aimed at reducing sudden unexpected infant deaths, needs more effective supportive strategies and dissemination if future campaigns are to be successful.

scholarly journals An Integrated Analysis of Maternal-Infant Sleep, Breastfeeding, and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Research Supporting a Balanced Discourse

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 510-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen A. Marinelli ◽  
Helen L. Ball ◽  
James J. McKenna ◽  
Peter S. Blair
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Infant Sleep ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Safe Sleep ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Bed Sharing ◽  
Parental Alcohol

Breastfeeding and the place of sleep for the mother and the infant have been controversial internationally due to reported concerns regarding infant deaths despite the known benefits of exclusive and prolonged breastfeeding, which are increased by breastfeeding at night. The aims of this integrated analysis were to (a) review breastfeeding and maternal and infant sleep research literature via historical, epidemiological, anthropological, and methodological lenses; (b) use this information to determine where we are currently in safeguarding both infant lives and breastfeeding; and (c) postulate the direction that research might take from this point forward to improve our knowledge and inform our policy and practice. Despite well-meaning but unsuccessful campaigns in some countries to dissuade parents from sleeping with their babies, many breastfeeding mothers and caregivers do sleep with their infants whether intentionally or unintentionally. Taking cultural contexts and socio-ecological circumstances into consideration, data supports policies to counsel parents and caregivers on safe sleep practices, including bed-sharing in non-hazardous circumstances, particularly in the absence of parental smoking, recent parental alcohol consumption, or sleeping next to an adult on a sofa. Further research with appropriate methodology is needed to drill down on actual rates of infant deaths, paying close attention to the definitions of deaths, the circumstances of the deaths, and confounding factors, in order to ensure we have the best information with which to derive public health policy. Introduction and use of the concept of “breastsleeping” is a plausible way to remove the negative connotations of “co-sleeping” and redirect ongoing data-driven discussions and education of best practices of breastfeeding and sleep.

scholarly journals Effect of Education and Cardboard Bassinet Distribution on Newborn Bed-Sharing

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 2333794X1982917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Heere ◽  
Beth Moughan ◽  
Joseph Alfonsi ◽  
Jennifer Rodriguez ◽  
Stephen Aronoff
Keyword(s):  
Rate Ratio ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Bayesian Probability ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Infant Sleep ◽  
Safe Sleep ◽  
Feeding Method ◽  
Sleep Education ◽  
Bed Sharing

Objective. This study sought to determine if infant sleep education plus a cardboard bassinet reduced bed-sharing, a risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and sleep-related deaths (SRD), in the first week of life. Methods. Women delivered between 1/1/2015-11/15/2016 were interviewed by phone within 72 hours of discharge. Control 1 delivered through 10/31/2015 (previously reported); Control 2: 11/1/2015-2/7/2016; Intervention 1 received inpatient safe sleep education and delivered between 2/8/2016-5/4/2016; Intervention 2 also received a cardboard bassinet and delivered after 5/4/2016. Subjects self-reported bed-sharing, newborn sleep position, feeding method, and sleep environment; demographic data was obtained from medical records. Bayesian methodology compared bed-sharing rates between aggregated control and intervention groups; results were expressed as posterior rates, rate ratios, and 95% credible intervals (CredInt); the posterior probability that the rate ratio was > 1(Bayesian probability) was determined by calculation and simulation. Results. 5187 eligible subjects, 2763 (53%) completed the survey (Control 1: n=1264; Control 2: n=423; Intervention 1: n=391; Intervention 2: n=685). Bed-sharing rates: Control: 6.3% (5.2,7.4); Intervention: 4.7% (3.5,5.9). Rate ratio (Control/Intervention) was 1.36 (0.95,1.83) and the Bayesian probability that the rate ratio >1 was .96 and .97 by calculation and simulation, respectively. Bed-sharing rates for exclusively breastfed infants: Control: 11% (7.4, 14.6); Intervention: 5.9% (2.7, 9.2); Rate ratio was 2.00 (1.01, 3.15) and the Bayesian probability that the rate ratio >1 was .993. Conclusions. Infant sleep education plus a cardboard bassinet reduced the rate of bed-sharing in the first week of life, particularly among exclusively breastfeeding dyads.

Infant Sleep Position and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Risk: A Time For Change

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-107
Author(s):  
Carl E. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Sleep Position ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Infant Sleep ◽  
Public Intervention ◽  
Infant Sleep Position ◽  
The Us ◽  
Epidemiological Risk ◽  
Health Objectives

I fully support a comprehensive professional and public intervention campaign in the US to establish supine as the standard sleep position. Although other preventive health objectives can be included, the emphasis needs to be clearly focused on sleep position. Achieving the lowest possible prone prevalence rate in the US is thus the first goal of this new campaign. The second and equally important goal of the new campaign should be to utilize this opportunity to maximum advantage to enhance our knowledge regarding the epidemiological risk factors causally related to SIDS and their interactions, and the interactions between epidemiological and biological risk factors. In addition to quantifying changes in infant mortality and in infant sleep position, we will also need to characterize both the supine and the persistent prone infant groups in regard to all of the putative epidemiological risk factors for SIDS. This campaign can thus enhance our understanding of the epidemiological risk factors for SIDS as long as a significant decrease in prone prevalence can be achieved.

scholarly journals Infant—Parent Co-Sleeping in an Evolutionary Perspective: Implications for Understanding Infant Sleep Development and the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

SLEEP ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. McKenna ◽  
Evelyn B. Thoman ◽  
Thomas F. Anders ◽  
Abraham Sadeh ◽  
Vicki L. Schechtman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Infant Sleep ◽  
Evolutionary Perspective

Breathing, transcutaneous blood gases, and CO2 response in SIDS siblings and control infants during sleep

1993 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Schafer ◽  
D. Schafer ◽  
M. E. Schlafke
Keyword(s):  
Blood Gases ◽  
Periodic Breathing ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Breathing Patterns ◽  
Co2 Response ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Apnea Duration ◽  
Age Related

Age-related changes of 20 variables describing breathing patterns, transcutaneous blood gases, and estimated CO2 response during sleep were examined in a cross-sectional study of 30 healthy control infants and 150 healthy siblings of sudden infant death syndrome victims within the first 18 mo of life. Whole-night measurements were performed using noninvasive respiratory induction plethysmography and transcutaneous blood gas electrodes. Each candidate for the study was extensively screened and found to be healthy. Mean transcutaneous PCO2 (PtcCO2, median 40.3 Torr) and maximum PtcCO2 (median 44.8 Torr), as well as the estimated ventilatory response to inhalation of 2% CO2 in air during regular breathing, causing a 20–36% increase of ventilation per Torr PtcCO2, were not related to postnatal age. In contrast, paradoxical breathing decreased from 49.5 to 0% of total sleep time (TST), periodic breathing from 5.5 to 0% TST, and respiratory rate during regular breathing from 40 to 22 breaths/min; the portion of regular breathing increased from 32 to 55% TST and mean and minimum transcutaneous PO2 from 65.4 and 47 to 69.7 and 52 Torr with increasing stability. The largest changes occurred in the first 6 mo of life. Maximum apnea duration (9.5 s, maximum 16 s), mean apnea duration (3.74 s, breathing pauses > or = 2 s), and time spent apneic per hour of irregular breathing (199 s/h) were not related to age. The comparison of data from siblings and controls showed similarities in the above-mentioned variables. No significant differences were found among the groups. Also a comparison of 30 pairs of siblings and controls, matched for age, gender, birth, and actual body weight, did not show significant differences. The present study extends the knowledge of development of breathing control beyond the first 6 mo of life.

scholarly journals Effects of passive smoking on children's health:a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-447
Author(s):  
A. Hawamdah ◽  
F. A. Kasasbeh ◽  
M. A. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Passive Smoking ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Growth Indicators

Since the mid-1980s there has been increasing interest in the effects of passive smoking on the health of children. It has been estimated that the total nicotine dose received by children whose parents smoke is equivalent to their actively smoking between 60 and 150 cigarettes per year. This review article considers the evidence for a relationship between passive smoking and disorders such as: prenatal damage to the fetus; poor growth indicators; respiratory illness; atopy and asthma; coronary heart disease; and sudden infant death syndrome. We conclude that paediatricians should not be complacent about the hazards of passive smoking for children and that public health education efforts should be continued

Sleep Environment and the Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome in an Urban Population: The Chicago Infant Mortality Study

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 111 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 1207-1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fern R. Hauck ◽  
Stanislaw M. Herman ◽  
Mark Donovan ◽  
Solomon Iyasu ◽  
Cathryn Merrick Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Bed Sharing ◽  
Soft Surface ◽  
Sleep Environment ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Hispanic White

Objective. To examine risk factors for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) with the goal of reducing SIDS mortality among blacks, which continues to affect this group at twice the rate of whites. Methods. We analyzed data from a population-based case-control study of 260 SIDS deaths that occurred in Chicago between 1993 and 1996 and an equal number of matched living controls to determine the association between SIDS and factors in the sleep environment and other variables related to infant care. Results. The racial/ethnic composition of the study groups was 75.0% black; 13.1% Hispanic white; and 11.9% non-Hispanic white. Several factors related to the sleep environment during last sleep were associated with higher risk of SIDS: placement in the prone position (unadjusted odds ratio [OR]: 2.4; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.7–3.4), soft surface (OR: 5.1; 95% CI: 3.1–8.3), pillow use (OR: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.5–4.2), face and/or head covered with bedding (OR: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.3–4.6), bed sharing overall (OR: 2.7; 95% CI: 1.8–4.2), bed sharing with parent(s) alone (OR: 1.9; 95% CI: 1.2–3.1), and bed sharing in other combinations (OR: 5.4; 95% CI: 2.8–10.2). Pacifier use was associated with decreased risk (unadjusted OR: 0.3; 95% CI: 0.2–0.5), as was breastfeeding either ever (OR: 0.2; 95% CI: 0.1–0.3) or currently (OR: 0.2; 95% CI: 0.1–0.4). In a multivariate model, several factors remained significant: prone sleep position, soft surface, pillow use, bed sharing other than with parent(s) alone, and not using a pacifier. Conclusions. To lower further the SIDS rate among black and other racial/ethnic groups, prone sleeping, the use of soft bedding and pillows, and some types of bed sharing should be reduced.

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