Is Initial (24 Hours) Lavage Necessary in Treatment of CAPD Peritonitis?

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Ejlersen ◽  
Lisbet Brandi ◽  
Hans Løkkegaard ◽  
Jørgen Ladefoged ◽  
Rena Kopp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Clinical Benefit ◽  
White Cell Count ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Confidence Limits ◽  
Acute Peritonitis ◽  
Profound Hypotension ◽  
The Difference

A randomized trial was conducted to examine the influence of initiallavage on treatment of CAPD peritonitis. Patients with hypotension and shock were excluded from the trial. Thirty -six CAPD patients with acute peritonitis were randomized to treatment with intraperitoneal antibiotics including either initial24 hours lavage before resumption of routine CAPD schedule (prior standard approach) or continued prolonged exchanges as in routine CAPD schedule. Median time to solved infection (normalization of white cell count in dialysis effluent) was identical (3 days) in the two groups. Treatment success rate was found to be 72% in the group with initial lavage and 89% in the group with prolonged exchanges. The difference in treatment success (17%) in favour of continued CAPD schedule was not found significant (95% confidence limits −1% to 35%). The results suggest lavage to be of no clinical benefit in treatment of CAPD peritonitis in patients without profound hypotension and shock.

Determining Treatibility of Primary Teeth with Pulpal Exposure

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Doğan ◽  
L Durutürk ◽  
AI Orhan ◽  
I Batmaz
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Treatment Success Rate ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Exposure Site ◽  
Carious Lesions ◽  
Deep Carious Lesions ◽  
Caries Removal ◽  
The Difference

Objectives: To determine rates of pulpal exposure during caries removal with an excavator or a bur, to assess success rates of vital pulp therapies in both cases, to analyze pulpal bleeding as an indicator of primary teeth treatability. Study Design: Of the 352 primary mandibular molars with deep carious lesions, 141 with pulp exposed during the removal of caries were grouped according to type of instrument causing pulpal exposure and existence of bleeding at the exposure site. Teeth suitable for direct pulp capping or formocresol pulpotomy were treated and followed up for two years. Results: The difference between the rates of pulpal exposure with an excavator (52.5%) or a bur (47.5%) was insignificant. The treatment success rate of teeth with pulp exposed by an excavator (15.8%) was significantly lower than teeth with pulp exposed by a bur (48.8%), regardless of whether bleeding existed at the exposure site or not; however, when bleeding existed, this difference was insignificant (15.8% and 40.6%, respectively). Conclusions: Pulpal exposure possibility during caries removal caused by an excavator and a bur was similar, the treatment success rate was lower when the exposure was caused by an excavator, the existence of pulpal bleeding resulted in mistakes in diagnoses.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Incidence and TB Treatment Success Rates in Yazd Province (2005-2014)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojgan Minoo Sepehr ◽  
Farideh Fouladvand ◽  
Mohsen Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Lower Success Rate ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Introduction: Tuberculosis is one of the most important public health problems, especially in developing countries. The global burden of tuberculosis ranks in the 10th Stopping the tuberculosis epidemic in 2030 is one of the goals of sustainable development. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiology of the disease, changes in the incidence of tuberculosis and its effective factors over a decade in Yazd Province. Methods: In this descriptive study, data from the TBC system that was collected in the county were used. The data of the patients identified during the years 2005-2014 based on patients' care records in the province of Yazd were extracted by census and analyzed using SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL; version 16 software. The population base for calculating the incidence, population census and housing data and for the years between them has been based on the Center's statistics estimate Results: The total number of tuberculosis cases identified in the study period was 1398 ones. The mean of the incidence of tuberculosis during the years 2005-2014 in Yazd Province was 13/5 per 100,000 people. The incidence of disease in women 14/3 per hundred thousand) was significantly higher than the male / 14/1 per hundred thousand). The difference between the incidence of TB in urban and rural areas was statistically significant (13/5 versus 18/3 per hundred thousand). Patients with positive sputum pulmonary tuberculosis had a successful treatment of 78.5 %. The success rate of treatment in women (90/7%) was significantly higher than males) 79/5%) and in urban populations (85/1%) compared with rural populations (84/2%). Conclusion: Regarding the lower success rate of treatment in Yazd Province, the country's average, as well as the target's goal, is to strengthen the disease-care system in non-Iranians, to further monitor the implementation of the DOTS strategy and to have effective communication with private sector physicians for compliance with the National Counter-Terrorism Protocol with tuberculosis, an effective step in controlling the disease and eventually removing it until 2050 AD.

Leucocytes and Thrombosis

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (01) ◽  
pp. 036-046 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C Banks ◽  
J.R.A Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Cell Count ◽  
White Cell Count ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
White Cell ◽  
Structural Resemblance ◽  
The Masses

SummaryWhen heparinised blood is rotated in a glass flask at 37°C. the white cell count falls and it has been shown that this is due to the adherence and aggregation of polymorphonuclear white cells on the wall of the flask. The masses formed bear a close structural resemblance to thrombi and the mechanisms involved in white cell loss during rotation may therefore increase our knowledge of the thrombotic process.

An Assessment of Red Cell Deformability Using a Simple Filtration Method

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Drummond ◽  
G Lowe ◽  
J Belch ◽  
C Forbes ◽  
J Barbenel
Keyword(s):  
Cell Count ◽  
Shear Viscosity ◽  
White Cell Count ◽  
White Cell ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Deformability ◽  
Red Cell Deformability ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Filtration Method ◽  
Significant Difference

We investigated the reproducibility and validity of a simple method of measuring red cell deformability (filtration of whole blood through 5 µ sieves) and its relationship to haematocrit, blood viscosity, fibrinogen, white cell count, sex and smoking. The mean coefficient of variation in normals was 3. 7%. Tanned red cells showed marked loss of deformability. Blood filtration rate correlated with haematocrit (r = 0. 99 on dilution of samples, r = 0. 7 in 120 normals and patients). After correction for haematocrit, deformability correlated with high shear viscosity, but not low shear viscosity, fibrinogen or white cell count. In 60 normals there was no significant difference between males and females, or smokers and non-smokers, but in 11 smokers there was an acute fall in deformability after smoking 3 cigarettes (p<0. 05). Reduced deformability was found in acute myocardial infarction (n = 15, p<0. 01) and chronic peripheral arterial disease (n = 15, p<0. 01). The technique is reproducible, detects rigid cells and appears useful in the study of vascular disease.

A quantitative evaluation of some factors affecting the non-fatty solids of cow's milk

1960 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Alexander ◽  
F. B. Leech
Keyword(s):  
Cell Count ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
High Cell ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Satisfactory Analysis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Image Position

SummaryTen farms in the county of Durham took part in a field study of the effects of feeding and of udder disease on the level of non-fatty solids (s.n.f.) in milk. Statistical analysis of the resulting data showed that age, pregnancy, season of the year, and total cell count affected the percentage of s.n.f. and that these effects were additive and independent of each other. No effect associated with nutritional changes could be demonstrated.The principal effects of the factors, each one freed from effects of other factors, were as follows:Herds in which s.n.f. had been consistently low over a period of years were compared with herds in which s.n.f. had been satisfactory. Analysis of the data showed that about 70% of the difference in s.n.f. between these groups could be accounted for by differences in age of cow, stage of lactation, cell count and breed.There was some evidence of a residual effect following clinical mastitis that could not be accounted for by residual high cell counts.The within-cow regression of s.n.f. on log cell count calculated from the Durham data and from van Rensburg's data was on both occasions negative.The implications of these findings are discussed, particularly in relation to advisory work.

scholarly journals Macular buckling versus vitrectomy on macular hole associated macular detachment in eyes with high myopia: a randomised trial

2021 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2020-317800
Author(s):  
Xiujuan Zhao ◽  
Yonghao Li ◽  
Wei Ma ◽  
Ping Lian ◽  
Xiling Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Macular Hole ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Closure Rate ◽  
Macular Detachment ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Myopic Maculopathy

AimTo compare the efficacy of macular buckling (MB) and pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for full-thickness macular holes (FTMH) and associated macular detachment (MD) in highly myopic eyes.MethodsProspective interventional case series of eyes undergoing PPV or MB for FTMH and MD.Main outcome measuresBest-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at postoperative month 24. Other measured outcomes include the initial surgical success rate, macular hole closure rate and the progression of myopic maculopathy.ResultsA total of 53 eyes from 53 participants were included in this study (26 participants receiving MB and 27 participants receiving PPV), and finally 49 eyes from 49 participants (25 participants in the MB group and 24 participants in the PPV group) were analysed. At postoperative month 24, the BCVA had improved significantly in those that underwent either MB (p<0.001) or PPV (p=0.04). The difference between the groups was not significant (p=0.653). The surgical failure rate after the primary treatment was significantly higher in the PPV group than the MB group (25.00% vs 4.00%, respectively; p=0.04). The macular closure rate was higher in the MB group compared with the PPV group, but the difference was not statistically significant (64.00% vs 58.33%, respectively; p=0.45). Myopic maculopathy development may be more severe following PPV than following MB surgery.ConclusionPatients with high myopia obtained anatomical and functional improvements from either MB or PPV. However, MB achieved a significantly higher success rate in retinal reattachment compared with PPV.Trial registration numberNCT03433547.

scholarly journals Effect of using electronic medication monitors on tuberculosis treatment outcomes in China: a longitudinal ecological study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Wang ◽  
Lei Guo ◽  
Hemant Deepak Shewade ◽  
Pruthu Thekkur ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Coverage Rate ◽  
Treatment Success Rate ◽  
County Level ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Random Intercept ◽  
Relative Change

Abstract Background In China, an indigenously developed electronic medication monitor (EMM) was designed and used in 138 counties from three provinces. Previous studies showed positive results on accuracy, effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility, but also found some ineffective implementations. In this paper, we assessed the effect of implementation of EMMs on treatment outcomes. Methods The longitudinal ecological method was used at the county level with aggregate secondary programmatic data. All the notified TB cases in 138 counties were involved in this study from April 2017 to June 2019, and rifampicin-resistant cases were excluded. We fitted a multilevel model to assess the relative change in the quarterly treatment success rate with increasing quarterly EMM coverage rate, in which a mixed effects maximum likelihood regression using random intercept model was applied, by adjusting for seasonal trends, population size, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, and clustering within counties. Results Among all 69 678 notified TB cases, the treatment success rate was slightly increased from 93.5% [95% confidence interval (CI): 93.0–94.0] in second quarter of 2018 to 94.9% (95% CI: 94.4–95.4) in second quarter of 2019 after implementing EMMs. There was a statistically significant effect between quarterly EMM coverage and treatment success rate after adjusting for potential confounders (P = 0.0036), increasing 10% of EMM coverage rate will lead to 0.2% treatment success rate augment. Besides, an increase of 10% of elderly or bacteriologically confirmed TB will lead to a decrease of 0.4% and 0.9% of the treatment success rate. Conclusions Under programmatic settings, we found a statistically significant effect between increasing coverage of EMM and treatment success rate at the county level. More prospective studies are needed to confirm the effect of using EMM on TB treatment outcomes. We suggest performing operational research on EMMs that provides real-time data under programmatic conditions in the future.

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