Ambulatory Care Pharmacists’ Perception of Prediabetes

Introduction: Eighty-four million patients in the United States have prediabetes yet evidence-based interventions to prevent diabetes are infrequently used. The concept of prediabetes is contentious, although preventive interventions are guideline supported. Team-based care models incorporating pharmacists for prediabetes have been proposed; however, pharmacist perception regarding prediabetes has not been assessed. This study's objective was to assess ambulatory care pharmacists’ perception of recommendations for prediabetes. Methods: An anonymous survey was electronically distributed through the American College of Clinical Pharmacy Ambulatory Care Practice and Research Network. The primary outcome was the proportion of respondents who reported supporting 3 main recommendations related to prediabetes (ie, screening, evidence-based lifestyle-intervention, metformin). The study was approved by the University of South Florida Institutional Review Board. Data collection and analysis occurred in 2017. Results: The survey was distributed to approximately 2209 potential participants. One hundred thirty-three surveys were completed. The American Diabetes Association guideline was the most common primarily supported guideline related to prediabetes (89%). Of the respondents, 87% supported all 3 main recommendations regarding prediabetes. Qualitative feedback demonstrated the full range of opinions; programs for prediabetes, limited intervention for prediabetes, and against prediabetes as a concept. Conclusions: The majority of ambulatory care pharmacists responding supported all main recommendations related to prediabetes and therefore may be practicable for disseminating diabetes prevention interventions. However, barriers to implementation should be expected.

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Challenges to create an evidence-based programme register in France

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckz185.507 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽

Author(s):

P Arwidson ◽

C Verry-Jolive

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Promotion ◽

Disease Prevention ◽

Scientific Literature ◽

The United States ◽

Expert Committee ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Local Health ◽

Addiction Prevention ◽

Prevention Interventions

Abstract The majority of health promotion and disease prevention interventions implemented in both targeted and general populations have unknown effectiveness. This contrasts with drug treatments which must be proven effective before they can be prescribed. The recent evaluation of four addiction prevention interventions chosen by public health implementers showed that two had positive impacts on addiction prevention and two had deleterious effects. Despite over 50 years’ worth of scientific literature on the evaluation of health promotion and disease prevention programmes, it is little known and little used by project promoters. These promoters cannot be blamed for not using this literature as it is often difficult to access, to read and to understand. Even if they successfully access and read the articles, interventions are often not described properly, rendering the text useless for implementers. It is therefore necessary to create interfaces that translate this literature into a form useful for funders and project promoters. As a result, Public Health France has studied existing portals in both the United States and in Europe. An independent double-reviewing process comparable to the review process used by scientific journals for manuscripts as in the Norwegian portal was chosen for this reason.An expert committee has worked during more than one year to design and test a scoring grid that will be published soon. The 80+ programme evaluations found in the scientific literature will now be reviewed with the approved grid. Public Health France has also begun visiting each region in France to present the portal to local health authorities and NGOs to enable project promoters to submit their programmes soon and to promote the use of evidence-based or research-based programmes when possible.

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Evidence-based Standardized Care Plans for Use Internationally to Improve Home Care Practice and Population Health

Applied Clinical Informatics ◽

10.4338/aci-2011-03-ra-0023 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 02 (03) ◽

pp. 373-384 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

D.J. Foster ◽

T. Gomez ◽

J.K. Poulsen ◽

J. Mast ◽

B.L. Westra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Home Care ◽

Population Health ◽

The United States ◽

Care Practice ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Care Plans ◽

Public Comment ◽

Omaha System ◽

On Line ◽

Standardized Care

Summary Objectives: To develop evidence-based standardized care plans (EB-SCP) for use internationally to improve home care practice and population health. Methods: A clinical-expert and scholarly method consisting of clinical experts recruitment, identification of health concerns, literature reviews, development of EB-SCPs using the Omaha System, a public comment period, revisions and consensus. Results: Clinical experts from Canada, the Netherlands, New Zealand, and the United States participated in the project, together with University of Minnesota School of Nursing graduate students and faculty researchers. Twelve Omaha System problems were selected by the participating agencies as a basic home care assessment that should be used for all elderly and disabled patients. Interventions based on the literature and clinical expertise were compiled into EB-SCPs, and reviewed by the group. The EB-SCPs were revised and posted on-line for public comment; revised again, then approved in a public meeting by the participants. The EB-SCPs are posted on-line for international dissemination. Conclusions: Home care EB-SCPs were successfully developed and published on-line. They provide a shared standard for use in practice and future home care research. This process is an exemplar for development of evidence-based practice standards to be used for assessment and documentation to support global population health and research.

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Healthy Birth Practice #1: Let Labor Begin on Its Own

The Journal of Perinatal Education ◽

10.1891/1058-1243.23.4.178 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 178-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Debby Amis

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

The United States ◽

Labor Induction ◽

Professional Organizations ◽

Care Practice ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Normal Birth ◽

Care Practices

As cesarean rates have climbed to almost one-third of all births in the United States, current research and professional organizations have identified letting labor begin on its own as one of the most important strategies for reducing the primary cesarean rate. At least equally important, letting labor begin on its own supports normal physiology, prevents iatrogenic prematurity, and prevents the cascade of interventions caused by labor induction. This article is an updated evidence-based review of the “Lamaze International Care Practices That Promote Normal Birth, Care Practice #1: Let Labor Begin on Its Own,” published in The Journal of Perinatal Education, 16(3), 2007.

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USF PANDEMIC RESPONSE RESEARCH NETWORK (USF-PRRN): A HIGHLY INTEGRATIVE BASIC AND RESPONSIVE RESEARCH APPROACH TO COVID-19

Technology & Innovation ◽

10.21300/22.2.2021.5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Randy W. Larsen ◽

Kathy Bradley-Klug ◽

Michael Bloom ◽

Howard Goldstein ◽

Paul R. Sanberg

Keyword(s):

Human Life ◽

The United States ◽

South Florida ◽

Research Network ◽

Disease Spread ◽

Research Approach ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Pandemic Response ◽

Sustainability Challenges ◽

The University

Pandemics represent significant threats to global health and impact all aspects of human life including physical and mental health, global economics, education, public policy and communication. The diversity of impacts associated with global pandemics as well as the speed of the resulting disease spread require multidisciplinary timely approaches to address the complex interplay of factors required for pandemic mitigation. Universities provide a critical national asset for addressing pandemic mitigation as these institutions possess broad intellectual capital that can be leveraged to guide national and global responses. Universities across the United States have approached the pandemic with a variety of strategies to link disciplinary expertise to target differing aspects of the problem. The University of South Florida adapted a rapid response research network approach that essentially integrates HIBAR principles (Highly Integrative Basic and Responsive research) to address wide ranging aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic. This description of the USF Pandemic Response Research Network (USF-PRRN) highlights the HIBAR features of the network and how the USF-PRRN concept can be applied to other global sustainability challenges.

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Decline in primary care providers’ prescribing of Schedule II opioids following the implementation of federal and state guidelines

Journal of Opioid Management ◽

10.5055/jom.2019.0492 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 111-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lisa B. E. Shields, MD ◽

Timothy A. Johnson, BS ◽

James P. Murphy, MD ◽

Douglas J. Lorenz, PhD ◽

Alisha Bell, MSN, RN, CPN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Primary Care Providers ◽

The United States ◽

Prescription Opioid ◽

Care Practice ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Care Providers ◽

Prescribing Practices ◽

Prescription Opioid Misuse ◽

Morphine Equivalent

Objective: Prescription opioid misuse represents a social and economic dilemma in the United States. The authors evaluated primary care providers’ (PCPs) prescribing of Schedule II opioids at our institution in Kentucky.Design: Prospective evaluation of PCPs’ prescribing practices over a 3-year period (October 1, 2014 to September 30, 2017) in an outpatient setting.Methods: An analysis of Schedule II opioid prescribing following the implementation of federal and state guidelines and evidence-based standards. Special attention focused on Schedule II opioid prescriptions with a quantity 90, Opana/ Oxycontin, and morphine equivalent daily dosage.Results: A statistically significant increase in the total number of PCPs and PCPs who prescribed Schedule II opioids was observed, while there was a concurrent significant decrease in the average number of Schedule II opioid pills prescribed per PCP, Schedule II opioid prescriptions per PCP, Schedule II opioid pills prescribed per patient by PCPs, Schedule II opioid prescriptions with a quantity 90 per PCP, and Opana/Oxycontin prescriptions per PCP. A statistically significant decline in the average morphine equivalent daily dosage of Schedule II opioids per PCP was noted.Conclusions: This study reports the benefit of incorporating federal and state regulations and institutional evidence-based guidelines into primary care practice to decrease the number of Schedule II opioids prescribed. Further preventive measures include selecting alternative treatments to opioids and reducing the rates of opioid nonmedical use and overdose while maintaining access to prescription opioids when indicated.

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Transferring Key Success Factors from Ambulatory Care into the Community Pharmacy in the United States

Pharmacy ◽

10.3390/pharmacy9030116 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 116

Author(s):

Alex J. Luli ◽

Linda Awdishu ◽

Jan D. Hirsch ◽

Jonathan H. Watanabe ◽

Mark Bounthavong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Community Pharmacy ◽

Patient Care ◽

Ambulatory Care ◽

Success Factors ◽

Community Setting ◽

The United States ◽

Care Practice ◽

Healthcare Team ◽

Key Success Factors

In the United States, pharmacists’ scope of practice continues to expand, with increasing opportunities for pharmacists in all practice settings to enhance health in society. In ambulatory care, pharmacists remain integral members on the healthcare team and have demonstrated positive impacts on patient care. Sharing similar characteristics as pharmacists in the community setting, a deeper look into common elements of a successful ambulatory care practice that can be applied in the community pharmacy setting is warranted. Key success factors identified from ambulatory care include (1) maximizing a pharmacist’s unique knowledge base and skill set, (2) forming collaborations with physicians and other providers, (3) demonstrating outcomes and value, and (4) maintaining sustainability. Opportunities exist for pharmacists in the community setting to utilize these success factors when developing, implementing, and/or expanding direct patient care services that improve accessibility to quality care and population health.

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Geographic Variation in Initiation of Evidence-based Psychotherapy Among Veterans With PTSD

Military Medicine ◽

10.1093/milmed/usaa389 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Vincent M Dufort ◽

Nancy Bernardy ◽

Shira Maguen ◽

Jessica E Hoyt ◽

Eric R Litt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New England ◽

Geographic Variation ◽

Medical Center ◽

The United States ◽

Evidence Based ◽

United States Department ◽

Post Traumatic Stress ◽

Institutional Review ◽

Negative Predictor ◽

Evidence Based Psychotherapy

Abstract Introduction The United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has invested in implementation of evidence-based psychotherapy (EBP) for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) for over a decade, resulting in slow but steady uptake of these treatments nationally. However, no prior research has investigated the geographic variation in initiation of EBP. Our objectives were to determine whether there is geographic variation in the initiation of EBP for PTSD in the VA and to identify patient and clinic factors associated with EBP initiation. Materials and Methods We identified VA patients with PTSD who had not received EBP as of January 2016 (N = 946,667) using retrospective electronic medical records data and determined whether they initiated EBP by December 2017. We illustrated geographic variation in EBP initiation using national and regional maps. Using multivariate logistic regression, we determined patient, regional, and nearest VA facility predictors of initiating treatment. This study was approved by the Veterans Institutional Review Board of Northern New England. Results Nationally, 4.8% (n = 45,895) initiated EBP from 2016 to 2017, and there was geographic variation, ranging from none to almost 30% at the 3-digit ZIP code level. The strongest patient predictors of EBP initiation were the negative predictor of being older than 65 years (OR = 0.47; 95% CI, 0.45-0.49) and the positive predictor of reporting military-related sexual trauma (OR = 1.96; 95% CI, 1.90-2.03). The strongest regional predictors of EBP initiation were the negative predictor of living in the Northeast (OR = 0.89; 95% CI, 0.86-0.92) and the positive predictor of living in the Midwest (OR = 1.47; 95% CI, 1.44-1.51). The only nearest VA facility predictor of EBP initiation was the positive predictor of whether the facility was a VA Medical Center with a specialized PTSD clinic (OR = 1.23; 95% CI, 1.20-1.26). Conclusion Although less than 5% of VA patients with PTSD initiated EBP, there was regional variation. Patient factors, region of residence, and nearest VA facility characteristics were all associated with whether patients initiated EBP. Strengths of this study include the use of national longitudinal data, while weaknesses include the potential for misclassification of PTSD diagnoses as well as the potential for misidentification of EBP. Our work indicates geographic areas where access to EBP for PTSD may be poor and can help target work improving access. Future studies should also assess completion of EBP for PTSD and related symptomatic and functional outcomes across geographic areas.

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Healthy Birth Practice #5: Avoid Giving Birth on Your Back and Follow Your Body’s Urge to Push

The Journal of Perinatal Education ◽

10.1891/1058-1243.23.4.207 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 207-210 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Joyce T. DiFranco ◽

Marilyn Curl

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Supine Position ◽

The United States ◽

Care Practice ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Birth Experience ◽

Normal Birth ◽

Care Practices

Women in the United States are still giving birth in the supine position and are restricted in how long they can push and encouraged to push forcefully by their caregivers. Research does not support these activities. There is discussion about current research and suggestions on how to improve the quality of the birth experience. This article is an updated evidence-based review of the “Lamaze International Care Practices That Promote Normal Birth, Care Practice #5: Spontaneous Pushing in Upright or Gravity-Neutral Positions,” published in The Journal of Perinatal Education, 16(3), 2007.

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Visualization of the Scholarly Output on Evidence Based Librarianship: A Social Network Analysis

Evidence Based Library and Information Practice ◽

10.18438/eblip29396 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 50-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nafiseh Vahed ◽

Vahideh Zarea Gavgani ◽

Rashid Jafarzadeh ◽

Ziba Tusi ◽

Mohammadamin Erfanmanesh

Keyword(s):

Social Network ◽

Social Network Analysis ◽

Network Analysis ◽

The United States ◽

Research Network ◽

Centrality Measures ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Scholarly Output ◽

Systematic Understanding ◽

Research And Education

Abstract Objective – This paper aimed to analyze worldwide research on evidence based librarianship (EBL) using Social Network Analysis (SNA). Methods – This descriptive study has been conducted using scientometrics and a SNA approach. The researchers identified 523 publications on EBL, as indexed by Scopus and Web of Science with no date limitation. A range of software tools (Ravar PreMap, Netdraw, UCINet and VOSviewer) were utilized for data visualization and analysis. Results – Results of the study revealed that the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States (US) occupied the topmost positions regarding centrality measures, clearly indicating their important structural roles in EBL research. The network of EBL research in terms of the degree of connectedness showed low density in the co-authorship networks of both authors (0.013) and countries (0.214). Seven subject clusters were identified in the EBL research network, four of which related to health and medicine. The occurrence of the keywords related to these four subject clusters suggested that EBL research had a greater association with the setting of health and medicine than with traditional librarianship elements such as human resources or library collection management. Conclusion – This study provided a systematic understanding of topics, research, and researchers in EBL by visualizing the networks and may thus inform the development of future aspects of EBL research and education.

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