The early story: A brief history of the creation of entrepreneurship at Babson College and the discovery of innovation’s missing imperative

2020 ◽  
pp. 095042222097856
Author(s):  
Robert Ronstadt ◽  
Jeffrey Shuman ◽  
Karl Vesper
Keyword(s):  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Early History ◽  
Academic Programs ◽  
Institutional Commitment ◽  
Undergraduate Major ◽  
Outreach Programs ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Core Part ◽  
Complete Story

The authors document in detail how the entrepreneurship program was created at Babson College in the 1970s. They recount the early history of Babson’s program because the school was one of the first, if not the first, to make a huge institutional commitment that led to entrepreneurship becoming a core part of its academic programs. At the time, other schools had an entrepreneurship course or two, but Babson’s commitment involved the creation of an undergraduate major, an MBA concentration, an annual research conference, a Distinguished Academy of Entrepreneurs, an Entrepreneurship Chair, and numerous outreach programs. These efforts influenced other universities to increase their entrepreneurship offerings to the extent that a new academic discipline—entrepreneurship studies—was born. A second reason for this article is the belief by those directly involved in the creation of Babson’s program that the complete story has not been told and is in danger of being misunderstood. Like most innovations, the creation of Babson’s entrepreneurship program was not a neat and tidy affair, but one more consistent with the turbulent notions put forth by Joseph Schumpeter and Clayton Christenson. Understanding Babson’s early history with entrepreneurship can help others pursuing or facilitating their own academic innovations.

THE CHANCELLERY OF CONTRACT AFFAIRS (TO THE HISTORY OF LEGISLATIVE AND ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATION OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT IN RUSSIA IN PETER THE GREAT’S TIME)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-144
Author(s):  
D.A. REDIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Procurement ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Early History ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Administrative Regulation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Distinct Features

The purpose of the article is to research the history of creation and formation of the Chancellery of Contract Affairs – the first supervisory and regulatory body in the field of public procurement in Russia. The early history of the Contracting Chancellery (1715–1717) can be traced in the context of the development of legislative and administrative regulation of public procurement during the reign of Peter the Great. The institution of public procurement itself, according to the author, is associated with the acquisition of distinct features of the modern state by Russia, which was manifested in the previous time. The immediate impetus for the development of the institution was the reform of the armed forces and the resulting mobilization efforts of the supreme power. The very content of the research predetermined the use of source-based and historical-legal methods. As a result of the study, the author states that the creation of a special body – the Chancellery of Contract Affairs, designed to take control of the situation under state contracts, turned out to be the right decision. The well-coordinated work of the Contracting Chancellery with the Senate, fiscal authorities and investigative bodies led to the creation of a number of important regulatory legal acts, almost ‘from scratch’ forming the legislative basis for the institution of public procurement functioning. The need for further work on the designated topic is noted.

Land Crabs, Land Ironclads, Landships

2019 ◽  
pp. 26-45
Author(s):  
Jon B. Mikolashek
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Army ◽  
Military History ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early History ◽  
American Military ◽  
Land Crabs ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

The chapter covers the early history of what will become known as the tank and the creation of the United States Tank Corps. Patton is the first “tanker” in American military history. After leaving the staff of John J. Pershing, Patton embarks on an educational journey to learn about tanks. He attends tank school in France and tours the Renault tank factory. It is here that he learns to drive a tank and selects the Renault light tank for use by the United States Army. The Renault tank is covered in detail, and Patton prepares to establish the American light tank school in France.

scholarly journals Wampum, Tawagonshi, and the Two Row Belt

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Otto
Keyword(s):  
Native Americans ◽  
Early History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The One

This essay outlines the early history of wampum, explaining its origin, its value to Native Americans, and its first observations by Europeans. It then considers how wampum, as it existed in the 1610s, fits the role of wampum as described in the Tawagonshi document and fits with its manifestation in the Two Row Belt. The essay argues that key elements in the Tawagonshi document and the Two Row Belt itself are inconsistent with wampum use as recorded in archaeological, documentary, and visual sources. This finding does not discount the possibility of a Dutch-Native agreement similar to the one recorded in the Tawagonshi document that included wampum rituals and the creation of a wampum belt such as the Two Row Belt.

Building a Base for the National Front

2019 ◽  
pp. 89-102
Author(s):  
John W.P. Veugelers
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Explanation ◽  
Early History ◽  
The Political ◽  
Far Right ◽  
National Front ◽  
Fifth Republic ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Political Battle ◽  
The Way

This chapter traces the origins and development of the far right under the Fifth Republic. Without discounting older roots in the interwar Ligues, the followers of Marshall Pétain, and the anti-tax movement of Pierre Poujade, it brings out the importance of the political battle for French Algeria. Uniting anti-communists and anti-Gaullists, it revitalized the French far right and paved the way for the creation of the National Front in 1972. After tracing the far right’s reaction to May ’68 and to the success of the neo-fascists in Italy in the early 1970s, the chapter reviews the early history of the National Front, and (against economic patterns) provides an alternative explanation for its electoral breakthrough in the 1980s.

Fugue in the Sixteenth Century

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Walker
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Compositional Style ◽  
Early History ◽  
Initial Presentation ◽  
The Real ◽  
Josquin Des Prez ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Further Development

This book explores the roots of the classic fugue and the early history of non-canonic fugal writing through the three principal fugal genres of the sixteenth century: motet, ricercar, and canzona. The book begins with the pivot in Western composition from an emphasis on variety to one on repetition, first developed by such Franco-Flemish composers as Loyset Compère and Josquin des Prez toward the end of the fifteenth century. By around 1520 Jean Mouton and his contemporaries had established the classic Franco-Flemish motet with its well-known point-of-imitation structure. Nicolas Gombert proved to be the real pioneer in the further development of this idea in the 1530s when he explored the return of thematic material after its initial presentation, an approach that proved central not only to the motet writing of Thomas Crecquillon and Jacobus Clemens non Papa, but also to the earliest experiments in serious abstract instrumental composition (the ricercar) undertaken by a series of organists active in Venice, most notably Claudio Merulo and Andrea Gabrieli. The most important innovation of the last decades of the century was the creation at the hands of Brescian organists of the fugal canzona alla francese, an instrumental genre inspired not by the sophisticated compositional style of the motet, but by the contrapuntally looser approach of such imitative chansons as Passereau’s Il est bel et bon. By century’s end, composers such as Giovanni de Macque had given the canzona a contrapuntal integrity commensurate with that of the ricercar.

The Origin and Early History of the Writs of Entry

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-556
Author(s):  
Joseph Biancalana
Keyword(s):  
Distinctive Feature ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Early History ◽  
First Century ◽  
Legal Reforms ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Creation

The writs of entry are of interest chiefly because they offer an example of how, in the first century of its history, the common law grew by the creation of new writs. The first writs of entry were among the earliest writs to be invented after the legal reforms of Henry II. Further writs of entry were created after 1217. The distinctive feature of a writ of entry was that it challenged what plaintiff thought was the basis of defendant's claim to the land in dispute. A writ of entry alleged that defendant “had no entry” into the land other than by a transaction or taking that did not authorize him to hold the land.

Money, Banking, and Credit in Medieval Bruges

1942 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. 52-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond de Roover
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Early History ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
Low Countries ◽  
Similar Investigation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

In any economic system, whether medieval or modern, “money, banking, and credit,” are so closely connected and interwoven that they cannot be separated. Banking involves the extension of credit, and credit leads to the creation of additional purchasing power or, to use a different phrase, of money substitutes. The importance of credit and banking in medieval times should not be underrated, as is sometimes done by placing undue emphasis on later developments in England. Professor Usher is preparing a treatise on the early history of banking in Italy and Spain. This paper, which summarizes the results of a similar investigation into the origins of banking in Bruges, will therefore supplement Professor Usher's work, as far as the development of banking in the Low Countries is concerned.

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